THE WOMEN AND FAMILY CULTURAL EDUCATION
Year:2018 | Volume:13 | Issue:44 |Papers Count:7

This research was conducted with the aim of developing a local model of happiness-oriented family. This is a qualitative study carried out on the basis of grounded theory. The research population consisted of all the specialists involved in the field of family in 2017, as well as all the teachers in Qom province who considered their family happy and had got the cut-off score in the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. The sampling method used to select the specialists was the purposive method (the sequential snowball type) and the method used to select the families was also purposive (the homogeneous sequential type). This research reached the saturation level with 16 specialists involved in the field of family and 21 happy families. The data were collected using an in-depth semi-structured interview and triangulation. From the analysis of the interviews with happy families 98 categories in open coding and 13 categories in axial coding, from the analysis of interviews with family specialists 87 categories in open coding and 11 categories in axial coding, and from the qualitative analysis of the literature and the research studies related to the factors affecting family happiness 23 categories were obtained, which were classified into 10 categories in axial coding based on thematic similarity. Finally, using triangulation and based on the categories of the related literature and studies and interviews with the specialists and happy families, the local model of happiness-oriented family with ten dimensions was developed.

This study was conducted to qualitatively study the role of language in the relations between conflicting couples using grounded theory. To this end, the sample was selected using the purposive sampling method, and the data were collected through a semi-structured interview. To achieve theoretical saturation, seven couples from among the qualifying ones were studied. To obtain the factors, the data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin techniques, which included coding concepts and shaping the theory. The analysis of data in open coding led to coding the main factors, components, and sub-components. After analyzing the interview data, the following items were identified: the linguistic conflicts of couples as the nuclear category, the linguistic factors paving the way for marital conflicts and the linguistic consequences of marital conflicts as main categories, and the four concepts of second level coding derived from the first level concepts, i. e. the linguistic factors weakening marital relationship, the linguistic factors aggravating marital conflicts, the linguistic factors destroying marital relationship, and the linguistic factors threatening marital relationship. The results revealed that language plays an important role in reducing or increasing marital conflicts, and failure to control it causes a lot of conflicts and verbal violence among couples, and, consequently, it paves the way for emotional separation and eventually divorce.

Effective communication is the foundation upon which other aspects of marital relations are based, and the lack of effective communication between couples can lead to a higher level of marital conflicts and increase the risk of marital problems. Using successful couples’ experiences about effective communication can be inspirational and an efficient model to increase other couples' marital intimacy and satisfaction. The aim of this study was to investigate the indicators of effective communication between couples having healthy marital functioning. The study was conducted using a qualitative research method called descriptive phenomenology. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured interview taken by ten couples having healthy marital functioning. The analysis of the data was carried out using Colaizzi’ s method. Based on the analysis of the findings of this study, five main themes and 20 sub-themes of the experience and perceptions of couples having healthy marital functioning in Urmia in the field of effective communication emerged. The main themes are: 1) factors affecting the establishment and continuity of communication, 2) stages and process of effective communication, 3) planning for communication, 4) content of communication, and 5) communication skills. The results of the study revealed that the quality and quantity of effective communication play an important role in the efficiency of couples’ lives. The experience of successful spouses can help counselors and couple therapists reduce the barriers to effective communication and increase marital intimacy.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on emotional regulation and self-efficacy of women with social anxiety in Tehran, Iran. This is an experimental research work with a posttest-pretest design, two experimental groups and a control group, and 3-month follow-up. The statistical population included about 1000 women aged 25-25 with social anxiety who had referred to health houses in Tehran in 2016-2017. Using cluster sampling and considering the cut-off score of the questionnaires, entry and exit criteria, and the structured interviews for the definitive diagnosis of social anxiety, 45 women were selected and randomly assigned to three groups (cognitive-behavioral therapy, acceptance therapy, and commitment and control). The data collection instruments were a structured interview, the Connor Social Anxiety Inventory (2000), the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (2001), and the Scherer Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (1982). Each experimental group received twelve sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy treatment. The data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA. The results showed that both therapies were effective in improving emotional regulation and self-efficacy (p<0. 01); however, acceptance and commitment therapy was more effective than cognitive-behavioral therapy in enhancing emotional regulation and self-efficacy in posttest and follow-up stages (p<0. 01). Therefore, acceptance and commitment therapy highly helped to improve the psychological problems and mental health of women.

This study was aimed at investigating the relationship between lifestyle, personality traits, and marital satisfaction in women in Tehran. This is applied research conducted through the descriptive-correlation method. The statistical population included all the married women in Tehran, whose number was estimated to be 2210287. A sample of 384 women was selected on the basis of the Cochran formula. The required data were collected using three instruments: the Volker Lifestyle Questionnaire, the Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale, and the Neo Personality Inventory. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS21 software. The findings reveal a significant relationship between lifestyle and marital satisfaction among women in Tehran (p<0. 05). A significant relationship was also observed between personality traits and marital satisfaction among women in Tehran.

This research was carried out to explicate the relationship between globalization and family changes in Zanjan, Iran and to identify the dimensions and patterns of changes in the face of globalization using the survey method and hypothesis testing. The statistical population consisted of 199771 families (couples over 20 years old) living in Zanjan, Iran. Using the Cochran formula, a sample of 386 individuals was selected. To increase the validity and reliability, the sample size was raised to 400 people. The data were analyzed by SPSS software. The findings indicated that under the influence of globalization, the families living in Zanjan experienced both positive and negative effects, but globalization is not just an external force that affects us, but rather we play a role in it, too. Meanwhile, the local factors should not be neglected, and the opportunities and threats posed by globalization need to be considering in developing policies.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between family communication patterns, flexibility, cohesion, and assertiveness among secondary school female students in Andimeshk, Iran. The research method is correlation. The statistical population consisted of all the secondary school female students in Andimeshk, and a sample of 313 students was selected using the multistage cluster sampling method. To measure the variables, the Family Communication Patterns Questionnaire (Ritchie and Fitzpatrick, 1998), the Family Flexibility Questionnaire (Shakeri, 2003), the Family Cohesion Scale (Samani, 2002), and the Assertiveness Scale (Ritchie and Gambrill, 1966) were employed. Pearson correlation and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that there is a significant relationship between communication patterns, flexibility, family cohesion, and female students' assertiveness (P<0. 001). Also, the results of multiple regression revealed that communication patterns, flexibility, and family cohesion explain 62 percent of assertiveness variance. The findings of this study show the importance of communication patterns, flexibility, and family cohesion among students. Therefore, planning of further studies is recommended in order to better understand such factors and promote the process of education and training among students.