Stylistic Studies of the Holy Quran
Year:2023 | Volume:7 | Issue:1 (پیاپی 12)|Papers Count:13

Verse 44 of Al-Karimah of Surah Esra, referring to the general glorification of beings, has provoked many and sometimes conflicting discussions among commentators due to its deep theological and mystical dimensions. Some commentators have ruled out the possibility of real glorification for creatures based on rational arguments and have proved that the meaning of the verse is virtual glorification, which is in conflict with the appearance of many authentic traditions. On the other hand, many commentators believe that all the creatures of the world have knowledge, intelligence, and life, as well as the meaning of glorification is true glorification. One of the ways to disclose the true and correct meaning of the verse is to examine the correct method of interpretation considering the principles of interpretation. This study aims to identify the most complete perspective and its causes by using the descriptive-analytical method and the comparative comparison of the interpretative method of authentic interpretations, among the most important interpretations of Fariqin in all kinds of narrative, theological and mystical tendencies. Based on this, the results indicated that the interpretation method of Allameh Tabatabai (may Allah be pleased with him) in Tafsir al-Mizan due to the application of correct principles of interpretation, such as "interpreting the Qur''an to the Qur''an", "consideration in the context of the verse", "using a rational method in verbal arguments, and "narrative citation and alignment of viewpoints with authentic narrations under the verse" are considered the most comprehensive methods.

In the Holy Quran, the sentences are connected to each other by means of accessories that make the verses coherent. One of the factors that play a role in its beauty and discovering its subtleties and hidden layers is coherence and continuity. This issue is investigated and studied in the field of new linguistics under the title of textual coherence. In 1976, Halliday and Ruqieh Hassan called the semantic, verbal, syntactic and logical connection of text components "cohesion" and their overall coordination in the vertical axis "cohesion". One of the most important tools of cohesion is link cohesion. In this theory, conjunctions are mentioned as a separate element, next to grammatical and lexical elements, under the title of linking elements. In this research, we intend to investigate and analyze the disagreements of the commentators and Ibn Katheer in this verse based on the theory of link cohesion, using a descriptive-analytical method, and specify how to categorize and analyze the disagreements based on this theory. The findings show that the analysis of the conflicting cases in this verse based on the theory of coherence indicates that the belief and lack of belief in the role of semantic linking of the sentences after and then with the preceding one shows the factor of difference in such a way that their opinions can be matched or not. According to the theory of coherence, he categorized.

Language is a collection of regular and interconnected sounds that distinguish words and their meanings from other words; in fact, sound is the most fundamental structure of language; because the appropriate use of vowels and consonants has a deep connection with the thought of the creator of the text, which can inspire specific meanings in the context of the situation; therefore, the purposeful repetition of consonants and vowels causes a great induction of phonemes in expressing the meanings of the text. "Maurice Grammon", a famous French linguist in the 20th century, puts forward the value and concept of inducing phonemes in language and believes that a writer can create the desired images and meanings with a specific and regular melody in a systematic network of words made up of similar phonemes. , to induce in the mind of the audience; for this purpose, the present research investigates the induction of sounds in Hajj verses with the method of content analysis and based on Grammon's theory; the results indicate that the phonetic miracle of the Holy Quran ultimately inspires beauty, concepts and meanings to the audience. So that the frequency of the light(simple) vowels "A" and "A"/a/¸/ã/ and the consonants of the latin words "S,Z"/s¸z/ and the alveolar- fricative consonant "Y"/j/ play a very important role in associating the concepts of Hajj.

In lexical writings, in some cases, a meaning of a few words is called a synonym. The study of the meanings of synonymous words of the Holy Quran has been considered by researchers; Therefore, the discussion of synonymy is one of the most frequent semantic connections of the Holy Quran and has a special importance in the knowledge of semantics. The study of synonyms can reveal some aspects of the wisdom of choosing synonyms. This is especially important in the component analysis model; And makes the conceptual scope of a word subject to more limited components called semantic components. By analyzing it, similarities and differences between related words are revealed. And the role of irreplaceability in explanation also makes sense. Using this semantic applied hypothesis, this article examines the characteristics of four pairs of beautiful names of God; And opens the subscriptions and differences of each of the four selected pairs. And explains the specific conditions and distinctions of their linguistic environment. Studies show that among the synonyms, one can express the meaning appropriate to that context in a specific context and language environment. And be specific to specific components. Therefore, on the one hand, it is not possible to replace that name with other synonymous names. And on the other hand, all the components of a name in one verse are meant by God. Because it is inconsistent with the rhetoric of the Qur'an; And causes a semantic deviation from the speaker.

According to Quran one of the Islamic Prophet's responsibility is recitation and teaching of Holy Book and teaching theosophy. Purpose of revelation of Quran is explain it's signs. Some verses of Quran invite people to contemplate in Quranic verses and also condemn those who do not have contemplation viewpoint to verses of Quran. Philologistes believe that the term » contemplation « has different meaning. Therefore there are various interpretations about contemplation verses. This research try to examinate contemplation's semantic's evolution among shia and sunni interpretation with descriptive and analytical method as well as by historical approach. In this article have been attempted by library instrument to ascertain the meaning of contemplation from beginning of Islam till now among Islamic commentators. Scholars of islam had given 16  meaning for the term » contemplation :« hearing, Pay attention, thinking, Pay attention and examination of thing's consequence, deep looking,  contemplation, intuition, cogitation, comprehension, verses relationship together, comprehension of verses successively, insight, checking of Quran's concepts, thinking and idea and  Pay attention to eloquence. However these conceptes had been changed for centuries but they correlate together. If someone wants to listen divine speech and thinks about it without any presupposition he can understand consequence of  divine speech and main goal of chapter and verses of Quran to be guided.

Semantics is a structuralist method for studying the exact meaning of the words in the language system, in this knowledge the semantic domains of words are determined by examination of companions and substitutes in the text. This knowledge plays a major role in examining Quranic words and discovering their hidden layers of meaning, researchers in etymology and semantics have turned to this knowledge. The present article intends to study the word Zakkoum In the Holy Quran with a semantic approach based on the axes of companionship and substitution in a descriptive-analytical method in order to extract its semantic components. The word Zakkoum is mentioned three times in the Holy Quran. It has a negative connotation and illustrates a severe torment and an ominous end, therefore it dedicated to the torment and inmates of Hell.In the research it is specified that the words “Tree, Treial, Hospitality, Hell, Food, Speathe, Eat, Boiling water” have a complementary and intensifying companion relationship with the word Zakkoum. The word tree is the most frequent companion of the word Zakkoum that plays an important role in determining the substitute. Words Zakkoum relationship in the axis of substitution includes the words “Corrupt and Cursed” and the concepts, food, experiment, means of hospitality, allocation to inmates of hell, fire, torment, Rejected from mercy, corruption and impurity are the components of Zakkoum based on the semantic approach.It is the semantic core of Zakkoum (The torment of the hellishs) around which the other components revolve.

One of the semantic methods is Izutsu theory, which is used in the field of Quranic vocabulary. In order to extract the meaning of words, Izutsu pays attention to semantic development by looking at the meaning of words in Jahili poetry and identifies focal, key and secondary words. Then he identifies the meaning of the words with seven methods. (contextual definition, replacement of words, opposite words, semantic field, negative form of words, synonyms of expressions and usage in non-religious context) This research, after identifying the type of vocabulary, has analyzed the effect of each word in the semantic field with a descriptive-analytical method. Then, the semantics of the words Za'am ", "Meryat" and "Rayb" have been done using the implementable parts of Izutsu's theory. Through this research, it was determined that the words Za'am ", "Meryat" and "Rayb" were used in Jahili poetry, but in Quranic usage, they have the basic meaning of "false belief", "stubborn doubt" and "obstinate doubt" respectively

"Context" is one of the most important elements involved in understanding the meaning of Quranic verses, and paying attention to it has an undeniable effect on understanding the verses more precisely. "Context" is divided into intratextual (essay) and extratextual (current) categories. Muhammad Hossein Fazlullah has made extensive use of both types of contexts mentioned in his interpretation of the revelation of the Qur'an. Some of the various functions of the context in his interpretation are: presenting a different meaning of the word, preferring one reading of the word over other readings, determining the reference of pronouns, resolving the apparent contradiction between the verses, distinguishing the interpretation from "Jari", rejecting the apparent meaning and paying attention to The deep and esoteric meaning, the weakening of some narrations, the reason for the descent and....Based on the findings of this research, more than ten different types of interaction of the commentator can be seen in using the context of the article and the situation in his commentary....

The internal coherence of the Holy Quran, as one of the manifestations of the compatibility of words and meaning, is sometimes derived from the coexistence of the phonetic set of words. which plays an essential role in creating different semantic levels and mental images for the audience, and sometimes it is made from the purposeful association of words and expressions together, in order to induce a certain concept to the audience. This method is based on the in-text approach and the structure of the sentences and phrases in the Crimean verses, which shows the subtleties of expression of this divine book. Accordingly, when we look at the Holy Qur'an as a part of architecture from the perspective of the appropriateness of words and meanings, we come across the orderly arrangement of words and phrases and a connected set of words that in Behind them lies an ocean of subtle meanings and precise points. By analyzing the structure of the sentences and the specific semantic load of the words, in order to achieve the real meaning and purpose of the Quran, the present research studies the verses of the Crimea based on the in-text approach. In this research, with a descriptive analytical method, the fit of words and meaning, beyond the musical aspect of words, from an intra-text perspective and considering the purposeful role of words and the structure of sentences and phrases in presenting a specific concept to the audience and in order to explain a manifestation of elegance.

The revelation of the Holy Quran in Arabic geography provided the platform for the efforts of religious scholars and commentators to understand the nuances of meaning of the Holy Quran with the tools of Arabic literature. An effort that has been manifested in all areas of the guidance of the Word of Revelation with the range of beliefs, rules, ethics and personal and social issues.The current library research, which is organized in a descriptive-analytical way, by examining the interpretation of "Ruh al-Ma'ani" as one of the valuable interpretations of the later centuries of Islam with a comprehensive approach and special literary effects, this is important in the study of verses. followed with contempt.The findings of the research indicate that humiliation is an undeniable style in the Quran that has been used with several orientations and goals. The maximum and purposeful use of the context and its connection with the meaning-giving styles of Quranic vocabulary is the most important method used by the author of Ruh al-Ma'ani in explaining the verses containing contempt.This fragmented approach is as follows: the use of our relative instead of me, the mention of the noun zahir instead of the pronoun, the use of a noun indicating nearness, the use of nouns, the meaningful use of the first person, the mention of the redundant word us, leaving the interrogative out of The real meaning to figurative meanings, the exit of the verb to figurative meanings and ambiguity and twisting of meaning instead of explanation and expression.

Jurjani's Theory of Nazhm examines Linguistic Engineering of the Holy Qur'an in rejecting the theory of efficiency, whose followers believe that the miracle of the Holy Qur'an is that man has the ability to produce words like the Qur'an, but God does not allow him to also produce words, because Jurjani believes It is a miracle in language engineering that every word in it has a special arrangement that by removing a word or moving its position or placing a synonym in its place, it destroys the Quranic Nazhm and the meaning of the speaker. Surah Tawheed is a surah whose words are organized according to the conditions of the polytheist audience of Quraysh. This article, based on Jurjani's theory of Nazhm, tries to analyze the aesthetics of Surah Tawheed in Nazhm to point out that Surah Tawheed has addressed the oneness of God in accordance with the request of the polytheists of Quraysh from the Prophet (PBUH). In this surah, God reveals his essence through the rhetorical techniques of the verb Qal in the meaning of guidance, the separate pronoun (hu) in the first verse is positive and the connected pronoun (lahoo) in the last verse is negative to indicate God's separation from the creatures in partnership, being negligent. (ahad) refers to bowing down and being unknown (Allah), being known (Al-Samad) indicates the palace, offering (Lahoo) in verse four refers to the restriction of negation of counterpart for Allah and its proof for other than Him.

Narrating the stories in the Qur'an has been one of the educational methods used to learn lessons, achieve a better life, and avoid past mistakes by using the history of past nations. These stories have been examined by researchers, commentators, and historians from different aspects, but due to the novelty of the literary structuralist theories, they have not been applied from this point of view. The current study, through an analytical-descriptive method with the aim of structural analysis, has addressed the response to the question of whether the time component of Gérard Genette's theory has also appeared in the Qur'anic story of Jesus. And this story from the point of view of this structuralist theorist in the component of time and its subsets, including retrospective and prospective methods of anachronism, frequency and its types, as well as its duration and details, has been investigated and analyzed. In the discussed verses, there are various anachronisms. These anachronisms are often in the form of external, internal, and composite. The dominant frequency of this story is repetition, although in a few cases, a singular or narrator frequency is also observed. In most cases, duration is in the form of an ellipsis and summary, followed by a descriptive pause and a scene.

The relationship that exists between the elements and structures of a part of speech makes the word meaningful. Grice's theory of cooperation, which is referred to as "Principles of Cooperation", includes four principles of "quantity", "quality", "communication" and "manner of expression" which Herbert Paul Grice, philosopher of language analysis (1913-1988) It obliges the audience to comply with these principles in the conversation. Based on this point of view, if one or both sides of the conversation deviate from these principles, their words will have an implied meaning. Surah Mujadaleh, which has some narrative elements including conversation, can be read from the perspective of Grice's four principles. Therefore, the present research aims to investigate the violation of Grice's conversational principles in Surah Al-Mujadaleh in a descriptive-analytical way, and in this way, to analyze the function of those violations in creating implicit and metatextual meanings. The results of this research show that it should not be thought that the non-observance of the four principles of Graish impairs the meaning of the words in Surah Al-Mujadalah, but different implicit messages and motivations such as the teaching of social etiquette, measuring the purity of the intention of wealth, warning. And warning, intentional insult, referring to God's attribute of knowledge, etc., have caused a violation of the principles of grace in this surah that the speaker, while using mechanisms such as irony, exaggeration, analogies, etc., is more effective than exchanging information with It takes care of the apparent structure of words.