ACTA MEDICA IRANICA
Year:2000 | Volume:38 | Issue:1|Papers Count:10

We have studied the ulcerogenic effect of indomethacin in stretozocin. Induced diabetic rats. Streptozocin (65 mg kg-1) was injected intraperitoneally to male wistar rats. The blood glucose concentration was determined continuously. Blood glucose level increased significantly (P<0.001) after 30 days. Gastric erosions were induced by intraperitoneal injection of indomethacin (50 mg kg-1) in fasted animals. A significant (P<0.001) increase in ulcer index was found in diabetic rats

Although measurement of intracranial pressure by noninvasive methods has been suggested, but mainly invasive methods are used for this purpose-Increase in episcleral venous pressure can be expected to result in a linear increase in intraocular pressure. Congested oculat veins with capillary leakage and hemorrhage are seen when the ICP is increased, thus theoretically measurement of intraocular pressure can be a procedure for estimation of the ICP. This study was performed to find whether there is andy relationship between intraocular pressure and ICP, so we used 12 albino rabbits in two divided groups. Our study was not designed to elucidate the mechanism of change but merely to record any changes observed. All measures except an increase in ICP were applied on the test group as well as on the control group. After general anesthesia with the combination of ketamin, rampune, and pentobarbital a burr hole was made in the lambda region of the skull and a cannula was placed in the subdural space. The ICP in the test group increased up to 15 mmHg and was constant throughout the experiment. Intraocular pressure was measured by Schiotz tonometers afte general anesthesia, after cannulation of the skull, and immediately after increasing the ICP which was repated in 15 minutes interval for 4 hours. There was no statistical difference between the two groups (P:0.997) . results show that neither cannulation nor general anesthesia for 4 hours produce alteration in IOP in the control group nor increasing of the ICP to level of 15 mmHg produces any alteration in IOP on the test group.

Thrombocytopenia has been reported as a complication of phototherapy. In this study the effect of conventional phototherapy on platelet count was studied in 101 newborns with indirect hyperbilirubinemia, out of whom 50 patients (49.5%) had decreased levels of platelets; 20 (19.8%) of the latter had a platelet count of below 100000/mm3. Decreased platelet count was maximum during the first 24 hours of phototherapy. Ultrviolet light may increase plateled turnover and injury during phototherapy by and unkown mechanism.

The frequency of tinea pedis in patients with tinea cruris has not been elucidated. The main objective of this study is to define this frequency all patients referred to the Mycological Laboratory of Razi Hospital, Tehran, during a 3-month period in 1997, who had a positive KOH smear for dermatophyte in the groin area were included in the study. A culture from this site, and a smear and culture from the foot (regardless of the presence of any lesion), were performed. Sixty patients (46 males and 14 females) entered the study .Epidermophyton floccosum was the most frequent isolated fungus in tinea cruris. Four patients (6.4%) had concurrent tinea pedis proved by smear and culture; and the sole isolate form the foot, was Trichophyton mentagrophtes. In three of them, the corresponding dermatophyte in the groin was E. floccosum. In this study, the frequency of tinea pedis in patients with tinea cruris was low

In this investigation wer studied the effect of dopaminergic system on the conflict behavior in rat, using vogel’s test. The related drugs were injected intraperitonealy (IP), and produced the following results:Diazepam at doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg increased the lick –shock responses in the Vogel’s thest. Quinpirole (D2-Agnosit), at doses of 0.1 and 10 mg/kg, increased the confict responses, wheraes suplpirde (D2 Antagonist) did not affect them.Apomorphine (D1 and D2 agonist) had a biphasic effect on the conflict responses. This drug decreased the number of shoks at low dose (0.01 mg/kg) while increased them at high dose (1 mg/kg). Haloperidol at dose of 1 mg/kg reduced the conflit responses significantly. Administration of both sulpiride (30 mg/kg) and quinpirole (10 mg/kg) together, increase the confict responses.These results suggest that D2-receptor agonist drugs may exert anixolytic and D2-receptor antagonists may produce anxiogenic effects in rat

Ohtahara syndrome or ealy infantile epileptic encephalopathy is a rare cause of epileptic seizures during infancy and represents the earliest type of age related symptomatic generalized epilepsies. The main etiologic factor associated with ohtahara syndrome is cerebran dysgenesis. This case was the product of in vitro fertilization (IVF) after 18 years of infertility . Neuroimaging findings consisted of diffuse white matter abnormalities, cortical atrophy and hemimegalencephaly. There is a previous report of this syndrome from Canada that was conceived throught IVF. A relation between IVF and the occurrence of Ohtahara synforme needs further observations

The purpose of the this study was to investigate the effect of direct current on montoneuron reflex exitability. Thirty six subjects (18 males, 18 females) 19.36 years of age ( x= 24.06, SD= 3.63) participated in this study. The reflex excitability of soleus motoneruons was assessed by measuring the amount of change in the peak to peak ampitude of the H-reflex before and after direct current was applied to the skin over the sural nerve. Reflex recordings were taken before and after direct current was applied. Direct current was administered for 5 minutes at an intensity no greater than 4 m A.A complete randomized block with one sample in each block was used. Paired t-test with Scheffe correction for multiple comparisons were used.A significant in H-refelx amplitude was demonstrated for 5 minutes at an intensity no greate than 4 m A. a complete randomized block with one sample in each block was used. Paired t-test with Scheffe correction for multiple comparisons were use.A significant in H-reflex amplitude was demonstrated for all post baseline measurements when compared to baseline. These results suggest that direct current has a facilitatory effect on motoneuron reflex excitability. In addition, motoneuron reflex excitability remained increased for 10 minutes after stimulus had been turned off

Tyrosinase has been recognized as a major autoantign in human vitiligo. Here we have shown that experimental autoimmune vitiligo can be induced by intradermal injection of mushroom tyrosinase emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant in C57BL/6 mice. The onse of vitiligo was characterized by hair hypopigmentation and total melanocyte depletion in the basal layer of the epidermis. Our results confirm that tyrosinase is the causative autoantigen in the genesis of autoimmune vitiligo.

This study was conducted to define the prevalence and types of corneal astigmatism in relation with corneal optical power, axial length, sex and patient age. 641 cataract patients were included in a descriptive study. Complete eye examinations were included in a descriptive study. Complete eye examinations were performed. The data were analysed by standard procedures including analysis of variance, chi square test and multiple linear regression models. With the rule, astigmatism was 55.6% in younger cases and against the rule astigmatism was 55.6% in younger cases and against the rule astigmatism was 43.7% in older cases (P<0.0001). Against the rule astigmatism was 55.8% in older males and 34.6% in older females (P<0.0001).There was 0.023d decrease in kpol for each year increase in age 1 (P<0.0001). Axial length in males was 23.35±1.79 mm (P<0.05) for second degree model to show relationship between astigmatism and axial length R2 was 0.019 and 0.03 by increasing axial length up to 26 mm corneal power decreased, but further increase in axial length led to corneal power increase. For each diopter increase in corneal power there was 0.1 diopetr increase in net astigmatism (P<0.0001). In corneal powers less than 45.5 diopter there was no difference between direction of astigmatism, but in corneal powers more than 45.5 diopter with the rule astigmatism was dominated (P=0.01). younger cases had more with the rule astigmatism andolder cases had more against the rule astigmatism. Against the rule astigmatism was more common in older males than in older females. With the rule astigmatism ratio shifted to ATR astigmastism ratio with age but there was no change in against the rule astigmatism ratio with age. Males had 0.22 mm axial length more than females. There was significant relationship between axial length and net astigmatism. Abnormal size eyes had more astigmatism.Emmetropization mechanism of cornea did not work for eyes longer than 26 mm. Myopia was related to total astigmatism.Second degree model was more fitted to show relationship between astigmatism and axial length.

Arterial blood gas parameters were analyzed in forty-nine healthy persons (31 males, 18 females) to determine reference values fo these parameters and their relation to the time from last food intake to arterial puncture (T). The mean ± standard deviation of arterial oxygen pressure, arterial carbon dioxide pressure and pH at core body temperature were 84.4±7.0 mmHg (Male: 83.0±6.5, Female: 86.7±73), 37.7±2.8 mmHg (Male: 38.5±2.7, Female: 36.2±2.4) respectively 7.41±0.02 (Male: 7.41±0.02 Female: 7.42±0.03). the mean PCO2 was lower in comparison with most of the studies at sea level. The difference between males and females was significant in PCO2 and PH (P=0.004, P=0.02 respectively) but in was not significant in PO2 (P=0.07). The PCO2 and pH had no statistically significant relationship with age (P=0.42, P=0.25 respectively). The relationship between Po2 with age, PCO2 and T was significant (P=0.02, P=0.017, and P=0.019 respectively). The best linear predictive equation was: Po2= 1.28 AO2-29.4 for T<10hours → AO2 =0.21 (Baro.47) –(1+0.02T) PCO2 for T >10hours Þ AO2 = 0.21(Baro-47) – (1.2PCO2