Health Management and Information Science
Year:2023 | Volume:10 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Owing to the widespread COVID-19 pandemic, it has been introduced as an emergency problem for global health by the World Health Organization (WHO). Thus, policymaking to enhance public awareness and preparedness for successful vaccination should be a priority in the health policies of a country. In the present study, we examined the factors affecting the acceptance, intention, and willingness of Iranian society to pay for COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran for six months in 2020. It was conducted by distributing a questionnaire in cyberspace. After distributing it, the respondents were asked to send the relevant link to some of their friends after answering its questions (snowball method). In this study, the constructs of the health belief model were used to identify the acceptance and intention of vaccination and evaluate the individuals’ maximum willingness to pay for each dose of vaccine using questions based on the contingent valuation method. Results: Most of the participants in the present study were 18-35 years old (50. 8%), female (57. 3%), and married (64. 9%),most of them lived in urban areas (91. 4%), had a bachelor’s degree (38. 4%), and had monthly income between 40 and 60 million Rials (26. 8%). In terms of health status, only a small percentage reported their general health status at a poor level (2. 8%), and 22% reported one chronic disease. A total of 323 (81. 5%) participants responded positively to the intention of vaccinating, while only 73 (18. 5%) answered negatively. The majority of participants (68%) were not willing to pay for vaccination. The mean and standard deviation for the amount the participants were willing to pay was 36742426488349. 30 Rials. Conclusion: Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease, governmental measures to reduce mortality or morbidity such as public education, social distancing policies, and screening tests have been helpful, but the most effective way to control this disease was a widespread implementation of general vaccination. To implement it, preparedness and acceptance of vaccination by society will play an effective role.

Background: The limitation of relief forces from various aspects and the impossibility of the presence in the affected area, immediately after the accident, has made it a necessity to use the capacity of the people and local communities in the government's response to accidents. This article aims to identify the strengths and challenges of community-based crisis management in Iran and provide recommendations for expanding this approach.Methodology: The present research was conducted using a qualitative method, through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 13 subject experts and 12 people who participate in community-based disaster management activities. The selection of people for the interview was done through targeted sampling using the snowball method. Examination and extraction of data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method and the obtained data were classified in the form of strengths, challenges and recommendations for adopting a community-based approach to disaster management in Iran.Findings: As a result of reviewing and analyzing the interview texts, 567 codes were extracted. In the next step, by removing duplicate codes and merging them, research results were presented in the form of strengths and challenges of community-based disaster management in Iran, and recommendations were presented to expand this approach. Conclusion: The findings of this research provide a general and comprehensive view of the challenges and strengths of adopting a community-based disaster management approach in Iran. Despite the existence of many challenges, there are many strengths and experiences in this regard in the country that can facilitate the implementation of this approach.

One of the common methods for monitoring fetal growth is measuring its head circumference in ultrasound images taken from the mother's womb. In recent years utilizing deep learning methods have been expanded in this application thanks to its potential in promoting the accuracy of estimating head circumference. However, the performance of deep neural networks is highly dependent on the volume of training data. On the other hand, the region of the fetal head is segmented with considerable errors, due to the presence of various types of noise. In this article, a new method is presented to improve fetal head circumference estimation in ultrasound images in which by using unsupervised data augmentation an attempt is made to increase the amount of training data of the deep network. Parallelly by utilizing an elliptical contour estimation method, an optimal contour is created to decrease the segmentation errors . Comparing the performance of the proposed scheme with the basic method as well as state-of-art schemes shows the improvement of fetal head circumference estimation with the help of the proposed algorithm in such way that not only the quality of fetal head circumference measurement with the Dice parameter has been improved by 0.6% and 3.24% respectively compared to the closest alternative and the basic method, but also the variance of the obtained results in both types of these comparisons have improved dramatically. These achievements demonstrate the performance of the proposed method is also more focused and reliable in addition to being more accurate.

Introduction: The emergence of COVID-19 and its pandemic nature has caused great fear worldwide. Pandemics led to economic and social and mental health problems. Fear and anxiety are one of the main factors affecting the life and mental health of students, which can affect caring behaviors of nurses. The purpose of the present study was to determine the correlation between fear and anxiety of the COVID-19 with nurse caring behaviors of nursing students. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 236 nursing students in 2021 in collage of Nursing and Midwifery in Shiraz. The census sampling method was used. Data collection was done using internet links through groups Whats app was given to the participants. The data collection tool included fear of the COVID-19, COVID-19 Disease Anxiety Scale and the caring behavior inventory (CBI). Data collection was carried out within 2 months. Data analysis was also carried out using SPSS v.21 software and descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The highest percentage of students had moderate(30.9%) and high(20.7%) anxiety levels that are represented by scores 17-29, and 30-54, respectively. And 85.2% of students were not afraid of COVID-19. There was no significant correlation between fear of COVID-19 disease and care behavior(r=0.3,P=0.644) and anxiety with care behaviors(r= - 0.17,P=0.801). Conclusion: nursing students experienced moderate and high levels of COVID-19 anxiety while mildly fearing this disease. However, their average caring behavior was desirable. Managers and officials of the nursing profession think of measures to manage the anxiety of nursing students during the epidemic.

Introduction: Ensuring and maintaining the health of the population is one of the most important programs in any country. Those involved in this field strive to provide quality services to society under all conditions, including times of crisis and epidemic. This study examined the resilience status of the hospital services quality based on six building blocks evaluation by World Health Organization. Methods: This study used a quantitative method from the beginning of 2020 to the end of 2021. The sample of the study was purposefully composed of 50 senior and middle managers of Shiraz Medical Hospitals who were continuously providing services during the COVID-19 pandemic. A researcher-developed questionnaire in the field of Six building blocks was used to collect the data, and SPSS software version 21 was used for data analysis. Results: Hospital service quality resilience generally showed that, with a mean and standard deviation of 68. 51±8. 53%, the extent of access to medicines and medical equipment (79. 50±16. 12) and the extent of financing (60. 42±16. 01) were the highest and lowest. Conclusion: The quality of hospital services is considered an indicator of governance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite many efforts in this area, the assessments reveal that most hospitals in the country face many problems and unfavorable conditions. To ensure resilience and better healthcare outcomes in future crises, managers should also prioritize communication and collaboration with other healthcare facilities and provide medications and medical equipment for better response during pandemics. Also, comprehensive hospital preparedness must be a top priority for policymakers and healthcare managers.

Background: In Persian medicine (PM), pulsology is one of the most important ways of knowing the internal states of the body and diagnosing diseases. On the other hand, the photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal provides significant information about heart function for specialists. In this design, fuzzy systems have been used to correlate features from both PPG signal and PM pulsology. Such a system may help pave the path towards the worldwide accepted paradigm of integrative medicine. Methods: Using the information of 64 individuals, a fuzzy system was designed by MATLAB software. First, the information related to age and pulse parameters including frequency, strength, speed, length, and width were acquired by a PM specialist via traditional pulse examination and were considered as Input variables. Subsequently, their PPG curve was also recorded by a PO80 beurer pulse oximeter. Afterward, variables of slope, height, and time of systolic upstroke curve at points of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% amplitude of the PPG curve were calculated and were considered as output variables. Results: A system with 236 rules was designed and the error of this system was less than 0.05, which is considered an acceptable estimate.Discussion and conclusion: This designed pilot system estimates the PPG systolic features using PM pulsology with an error of less than 0.05, which can be used to help improve the clinical skills of PM students and practitioners, and can establish the relationship between PM and common medicine.

Introduction: With the prevalence of global crises, an overwhelming influx of both reliable and unreliable information occurs, referred to as an infodemic. Given the significance of the infodemic phenomenon, this study examines trends in the dissemination of scientific publications on infodemics.Methods: This study is a descriptive and analytical study conducted with a bibliometric approach. The study population included all scientific publications on infodemic in the Web of Science database until July 15, 2023. The data analysis was performed using the bibliometrix package in the R software.Results: 1157 scientific publications on infodemics have been extracted since 2019, with the highest number of publications occurring in 2021. The majority of these publications were articles. The most important keywords in infodemic scientific publications were "health," "information," "news," "social media," and "communications." The keywords during the 2019-2020 outbreak period were "outbreak," "information," and "COVID-19." In the year 2021, the keywords were "health," "determinants," and "news." During 2022, the keywords were "information," "impact," and "health literacy." In the year 2023, the keywords were "attitudes," "health," and "African-American."Conclusion: Infodemic research seeks to utilize new and updated data in the field of health and medicine, as well as develop methods to combat infodemics. This study offers a more accurate understanding of this field and provides valuable information for future interdisciplinary and medical research.

Terrorism is the illegal use of power and violence against individuals or society to intimidate or force governments. The occurrence of such incidents is not far from expected, as these incidents have been increasing in recent decades in Iran. On Sunday, August 13, 2023, at 19:30, a terrorist attack was carried out by two terrorists in Shahcheragh shrine (one of the holy and religious places in Shiraz city) in Iran. The main terrorist entered the courtyard from one of the main doors and started shooting with a gun. During this incident, 2 people were killed and 7 people were injured. A few minutes later, the armed person was arrested by the police and the second person ran away. The terrorist group of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS) took responsibility for this terrorist attack by declaring a statement. This review was written with the aim of investigating why lessons were not learned from previous incidents, especially the Shahcheragh terrorist incident that happened in 2022, and this incident was repeated again.