COMMERCIAL SURVEYS
Year:2024 | Volume:22 | Issue:124|Papers Count:6

Changes in the global economy have led to the internationalization of corporate relations and subsequently the phenomenon of intercultural communication. Therefore, ensuring the success of companies without understanding how to trust and collaborate in different cultures can be challenging and difficult. In this regard, the present research was conducted with the aim of identifying the antecedents of trust-based collaboration in a cross-cultural context. The research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of method, it is an exploratory research that was conducted with a qualitative approach. The participants in the research were 11 senior managers in the international trade department of Iranian and Chinese automobile companies who were selected using a targeted method. The data obtained from semi-structured interviews were analyzed by theme analysis method. Based on the results, the antecedents of trust-based collaboration in the cross-cultural context are: macro environment factors, gaining international credit, cultural intelligence, organizational factors, managerial factors, cultural sharing, human resource competence, international relations, organizational processes, effective targeting and cultural differences. According to the findings, clarifying the goals of the parties, adhering to commitments and honesty were identified as the most frequent codes that provide insight to policymakers and managers to improve international business interactions.

The purpose of this research is to qualitative content analysis of the underlying approaches and theories of dynamic marketing capabilities and provide a comprehensive typology of them. Therefore, by reviewing the articles from foreign databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, as well as domestic databases of the country, using the qualitative content analysis and based on the theoretical sampling method, finally, 61 articles were selected and reviewed in the period from 2000 to 2023. The findings of the present research, while identifying various theoretical approaches and underlying theories related to them, have classified eight identified approaches into three general categories in the following order: the first category (primary approaches), including resource-based and knowledge-based approaches; the second category (intermediate approaches), including micro-foundations, multi-level (hierarchical), and process approaches; and the third category (new approaches), including system approaches, configuration, and capability architecture. The results also showed that by using more integrated approaches such as the systemic approach, hierarchical approach, and capability architecture by future researchers, it is possible to develop more executable frameworks and models in the field of marketing dynamic capabilities by examining the interaction and interweaving of various capabilities at different levels. The results also show that considering the necessity of self-sufficiency in the production of domestic goods and the importance of exporting non-oil products in the country, the approach of dynamic marketing capability provides the possibility for company managers to discover the obvious and hidden needs of customers by absorbing knowledge related to the market and accurate monitoring of environmental opportunities to offer new products and services according to the needs and demands of customers.

Background and Objective: In today’s business world, companies are not only striving to compete for market share of products and services, but also making significant efforts to create alignment of customer perceptions with their own. With increased customer loyalty, market share and profitability of economic entities grow. Brand loyalty can be fostered through a set of behaviors referred to as customer engagement. Successful corporate brands are built by companies that establish valuable positive communications with their customers, hence this research aims to design a model for the effectiveness of brand on consumer loyalty. Methodology: This research adopts a mixed-method exploratory approach. In the qualitative phase, phenomenological hermeneutics was used to reveal participants’ lived experiences. The data consisted of 20 interviews with purposively selected experts. In the qualitative analysis, coding techniques such as open, axial, and selective coding were employed within a grounded theory framework. Following this, the TOPSIS technique was utilized to prioritize the factors influencing brand effectiveness on consumer loyalty. Findings: After conducting the interviews and analyzing them, the interview transcripts were systematically examined to identify the main factors. In the first step, statements, dimensions, and characteristics were extracted from the interview transcripts (common codes). In the next stage, the data were analyzed at the level of sentences and phrases to uncover concepts. In the third stage, the final themes resulting from the categorization of common concepts were extracted. Coding was done directly from the participants’ interview transcripts, and data analysis was conducted meticulously to achieve logical saturation. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in response to the first question regarding the indicators of the brand effectiveness pattern on consumer loyalty in selected grocery stores in Khuzestan province, 12 main indicators were identified. In response to the second question regarding the components of the brand effectiveness pattern on consumer loyalty in selected grocery stores in Khuzestan province, 27 main components were identified. In response to the third question regarding the dimensions of the brand effectiveness pattern on consumer loyalty in selected grocery stores in Khuzestan province, 71 dimensions were identified. The research results indicate that trust, brand image, brand credibility, brand knowledge, brand value, brand responsibility, brand awareness, brand rewards, innovation, and marketing ultimately influence customer loyalty and satisfaction.

The “Business registration “ is a mechanism for identifying merchants and distinguishing them from non-merchants that has been the focused by the legislators of the Civil Law countries due to its especial legal effects for ensuring transaction security. However, different countries based on their needs assessments and their fundamental foundations in the objective, subjective or mixed commercial law system, have predicted a model of merchants’ registration systems that has fundamental differences from each other and shows different legal functions. Therefore, the question is what functions does the merchants’ registration basically provide, and according to these functions, what are the types of merchants’ registration systems. This study with comparative- analytical view has concluded that “ Merchants’ Registration” has come into existence with the two goals of “Accelerating, facilitating and guaranteeing commercial operations” in the private sector and “governance control and supervision of commerce” in the public sector; And in this field, the legal systems have used three different models based on the “role of business register book in recognition of merchant “ component, that registration mechanism based on an objective system is more efficient than two other in fulfilling the expected legal functions; In this regard, some legal reforms are recommended for the implementation of the objective registration system in Iranian law.

The use of digital platforms in exports has facilitated the path for many companies to increase their share of exports and internationalize. The adoption of this export-oriented approach among Iranian companies has received less attention so far due to insufficient familiarity with the potential capabilities of platforms and the existence of sanction limitations. Therefore, identifying important and influential factors on exports through online platforms, considering the country's conditions, seems necessary. The present research, in terms of objective, application, and research method, combines both qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the qualitative method, through thematic analysis on the research background and in-depth guided interviews with managers of 12 Iranian exporting companies, important and influential factors were identified and extracted. In the quantitative section, by designing a questionnaire and selecting 10 experts using judgmental sampling method, employing the Delphi method, the level of impact and susceptibility of themes, as well as their mutual relationships, were determined. The results of questionnaire analysis indicated that "the necessity of comprehensive export support from the government" has the highest impact among other factors, and this factor along with "the macroeconomic environment of the country," "technological and internet infrastructures of the country," and "organizational structure and resources of the company" are among the key factors. Additionally, the factor of "positive characteristics of platforms," as an influential factor, has the most interaction with other factors. The present research is theoretically innovative in identifying these factors, as it has collected and presented the factors comprehensively in this area.

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of GHRM and supply chain organizational learning on business performance with the mediating role of supply chain performance in manufacturing companies of Ardabil province, applied research with a quantitative approach and a descriptive/survey strategy is the statistical population. Including 340 production companies in Ardabil province, which used two managers from each company. The sample size is 260 people with the non-probability sampling method available for selection and the Sabz Bosli and Will (2012) human resource management questionnaire, Ojah et al.’s supply chain organizational learning questionnaire (2016), Zhang et al.’s supply chain performance questionnaire (2006) and Mamun et al.’s business performance questionnaire (2011) was distributed among them and finally 250 samples were used after screening the data for analysis with variance-based structural equation modeling method and PLS Smart 3.2 software. The validity of the research was measured using content validity through respectable professors. The reliability of the research was also measured using the Cronbach’s alpha method and it was confirmed that an alpha value higher than 0.7 was considered acceptable. The results showed that GHRM, SCP and SCOL have a direct and significant effect on BP, and also GHRM and SCOL have a direct and significant effect on SCP. According to the Sobel test, supply chain performance has a significant mediating role in the relationship between GHRM and business performance, and supply chain performance has a significant mediating role in the relationship between supply chain organizational learning and business performance.