COMMERCIAL SURVEYS
Year:2024 | Volume:22 | Issue:125|Papers Count:6

Objective: Since the investigation of the business environment and the state of the home appliance industry in Iran shows that this industry suffers from low competitiveness in terms of the status of its products in the domestic and foreign markets, hence the purpose of this research is to investigate The experiences of selected countries in the home appliance industry of the world (including South Korea, China, ASEAN countries, Turkey and India) and the explanation of the priority policy programs from the perspective of the country's home appliance industry experts, as well as defining recommendations for improving the competitiveness of Iran home appliance industry. Methods: In terms of the purpose of the research, the present research is an applied type research, and in terms of the data collection method, it relies on the comparative study method and the descriptive-survey method. Therefore, in the first phase, the study of the theoretical foundations of the current research and the comparative study including the study of the pioneer and successful countries of the home appliance industry (which are located especially in the Asian continent) have been considered. Therefore, the studied sample in the comparative method in the current research is based on the review and analysis of important development plans and policies in selected countries including South Korea, China, ASEAN countries, Turkey and India, in order to promote the home appliance industry. In the second phase of the research, meetings and interviews were held with industry experts in order to explain the goals and appropriate policies in order to improve the competitiveness of the home appliance industry in Iran, and then in the third phase, based on the findings from the first and second phase, and by the help of a questionnaire compiled based on the QCD model, prioritized policies to improve the competitiveness of the country's home appliance industry and explained policy recommendations to improve the competitiveness of Iran's home appliance industry is defined and explained. Conclusion: According to the studies carried out regarding the development programs of selected countries and the analyzes made from the points of views received during interviews with knowledgeable experts of the home appliance industry, it was found that the two elements of cost and quality have a higher priority than the element of on-time delivery in the household appliances industry. According to the experts, the structural reform of the home appliance industry based on the improvement of economies of scale and diversity through the pursuit of collective production policies, mergers and acquisitions has been necessary. After the issue of structural reform of the home appliance industry, technology development and research and development(R&D) become important through the formulation of supporting frameworks for the research and development of active companies and the creation of special incentives for knowledge-based start-up companies active in the home appliance industry is attainable. Following the listed priorities, development of human resources skills, development of supply network, development of standards, development of services connected to production and development and completion of logistics and tracking infrastructures are necessary. Therefore, by taking into consideration the policy programs of selected countries as well as the results of the evaluation of the questionnaires distributed among the experts and the interviews conducted with the activists of the household appliances industry, the axes of measures and programs to improve the competitiveness of the household appliances industry of Iran can be divided into the main axes of the policy including "reforming the corporate structure and improving the economies of scale and diversity", "explaining the competitiveness roadmap based on the development and completion of the supply network (especially component/parts manufacturing)". "Strengthening the competitiveness of production and the value chain by focusing on mergers and the formation of consortiums and business groups", "Recommendation to strengthen the competitiveness of the links connected to production" and "Improving the competitiveness of the product in the technologic aspect through joint research and development".  

Evaluation and selection of international hef markets It is one of the most sensitive and important strategic decisions in the export process. an decision making leads to damage and imposes a lot of costs on companies. The aim of this research is to rank the export target market of tiles and ceramics Considering the surplus production over consumption inside the country and the potential of the target market among the member countries of the ECO organization, from the point of view of the experts at the Meybod Tiles and Ceramics Company, Yazd , The current research method is applied and descriptive-survey type. The population and statistical sample size in this research consisted of 20 experts. In the present study, selective sampling was used to identify the samples .The method used to collect data in this research, The researcher made a pairwise comparison questionnaire and a decision matrix questionnaire, whose validity was checked and confirmed by experts and experts. Used Using hierarchical method and fuzzy TOPSIS, the weight and importance coefficient of factors and prioritization of member countries of ECO Trade Organization were calculated. Based on the analysis of the AHP technique and the EXPERT CHOICE approach, the pricing index and price analysis are in first priority. Based on the analysis of TOPSIS technique, the target market of Turkmenistan in the export of tiles and ceramics is Yazd in the first priority and Uzbekistan in the second place, and also Kazakhstan is in the third priority.

In this article, the asymmetric effects of exchange rate on the stock market were evaluated using daily data from 20/03/2016 to 21/06/2023 using cointegration, Dynamic Conditional Correlation and APARCH methods. The evidence shows that both shocks (positive/negative) and large shocks (positive/negative) are repeatedly found in the Dollar exchange rate. Estimates show that the exchange rate is effective on the stock market. The findings showed that the stock market reaction to the positive and negative shocks of exchange rate is asymmetric. The behavior of the stock market is stable towards negative shocks, but the effects of positive shocks are gradually neutralized. A large negative shocks in the exchange rate puts the stock market at a sustained low level. Also, the volatility of the stock market shows a very stable pattern. Dynamic Conditional Correlation findings show that negative shocks have a greater impact on conditional volatility compared to positive shocks.

The mental image of customers of a store plays very important consequences in the survival and competitive advantage of these businesses. The present study also aimed to design and validate the model of customers' mental image of the store with a mixed exploratory approach in the Hyperstar store in Tehran. This research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose, and in terms of its nature and form of implementation, it was done in a descriptive-survey manner. The statistical population of this research includes theoretical experts (professors of marketing management) and experimental experts (managers of Hyperstar stores in Tehran) and customers of Hyperstar stores in Tehran. Sampling was done using theoretical sampling method and finally theoretical saturation was achieved with 10 people. Then the researcher-made questionnaire was randomly distributed among 384 customers. The data collection tools are semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. In order to analyze the expert interviews, the grounded theory method and MaxQDA software were used. Validation of Nair model was done by partial least squares method and SMART PLS software. Based on the research paradigm model, customer experience management, co-creation of value with the customer and customer orientation are the underlying factors affecting the customers' mental image of the store. This mental image affects the branding strategy and internal branding of the store. Of course, it should be kept in mind that the store's social responsibility plays an intervening role in this regard, and the store's marketing mix also provides background conditions. Through branding strategy and internal branding, behavioral consequences such as customer satisfaction, loyalty and trust can be achieved.

Organizations compete based on the talents of their employees by attracting and keeping the most knowledgeable employees. The aim of this article is designing a model for retention of human resources in knowledge-based organizations. The method is mixed. The tool is a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 83 components extracted from research literature and experts’ opinions based on two rounds of Delphi. The statistical society is formed by managers and experts of 3160 knowledge-based organizations available in Tehran province. 350 questionnaires were collected through stratified sampling based on 8 technology areas of organizations according to Cochran’s formula. A content validity test was used for the validity of questionnaire, which was approved by the relevant experts for this purpose. Reliability was obtained using alpha Cronbach 97/5%. Exploratory factor analysis in SPSS and confirmatory factor analysis in Smart PLS were used to classify the components. According to the results obtained, 2 parts of the response to knowledge workers included 3 factors creating job opportunities, ability management, creating a creative environment and knowledge management including 5 factors competence management, smart capital management, knowledge management, talent management and performance management, represent the model and the results of the factor analysis confirm the model in the Smart PLS. Knowledge employees are the main contributors to the industry and economy. Considering the results of the present research, it is necessary for managers to use the obtained model as a reliable tool in the field of human resource retention in knowledge-based organizations, and decision-making.

Small manufacturing companies, as the main actors of the national and industrial innovation system, need to realize open innovation through digitization capabilities to gain competitive advantage in the digital economy. However, existing researches are based on review studies and retrospective data, which has led to insufficient understanding of the issue. In this regard, the current research aims to investigate the impact of digitalization capabilities on open innovation among small manufacturing businesses. Also, the moderating role of environmental dynamics and managers' digital awareness was also investigated in the model. This research is applied in term of goal, and a descriptive-survey research in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the research includes the senior managers of small manufacturing companies in Tehran. Research data collection tool is a standard questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Finally, data analysis by structural equation modeling with SmartPLS software indicates that digitalization capabilities have a positive and significant impact on open innovation in small manufacturing companies. It was also found that environmental dynamism moderates the impact of digitalization capabilities on open innovation. But the moderating role of managers' digital awareness in this direction was not confirmed. These results shed light on the role of digitization capabilities to drive open innovation in small manufacturing businesses and provide solutions for digital transformation and open innovation of these companies.