TEB VA TAZKIEH
Year:2015 | Volume:24 | Issue:3|Papers Count:5

Epigenetics refers to the processes which lead to modification in phenotype or gene expression and function without altering the DNA structure. These Changes may be existing in several generations without any modification in DNA sequences. Epigenetic modifications are persistent changes in gene expression which are imposed to daughter cells due cell division. These Changes are not due to changes in bases sequences in DNA structure. Epigenetic modification is considered as protective or risk factors for some diseases such as cancers. Environmental and nutritional factors can leads to epigenetic modifications. Recently, the role of some foods and micronutrients in epigenetic modifications are noted. This article reviews new articles on association of nutrition, cancer and epigenetics.

Iron-overload is considered as a risk factor for cancer. This carcinogenic effect of iron-overload can be explained by increase in the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Today, besides the treatment of iron deficiency which is highly prevalent among children and women of childbearing age, preventing excessive accumulation and storage of iron in the body which may be caused by some genetic disorders or inappropriate use of iron supplements, is of particular importance. Moreover, the source of iron intake should be considered while talking about carcinogenic effects of iron, because during meat processing heme molecule undergoes some alterations which may explain the difference in carcinogenicity of cured meat in comparison with fresh meat. Experimental and clinical studies suggest that excessive iron intake may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal, liver, breast and lung cancer. However, results of the studies investigating the relation between prostate cancer and iron are inconsistent. In conclusion, in order to prevent adverse consequences of iron-overload, meeting body’s iron needs by consuming plant-based sources and white meats, and avoiding processed meats seem to be logical.

Background: Drug errors are type of medication errors as, any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the control of the health care professional, patient, or consumer. It can be classified as wrong dose, wrong patient, wrong route of administration and Method: this is a cross- sectional study on 300 patient files performed in a 7 months period in Amiral-Momenin teaching hospital, using predesigned questionnaires.Results: out of 300 studied files 140 (46.7%) had at least one drug errors. Missed dose error ranked first and wrong time errors and omission errors ranked second and third respectively .Missed dose errors were the most prevalent error in nursing report and omission errors in drug charts. In most of hospital wards as internal ward , pediatrics, ICU, CCU, cardiovascular and surgery missed dose errors were the most prevalent drug error while in gynecology un ordered drug and in gastroenterology improper dose errors ranked first.Conclusion: based on above data we can conclude that drug errors are an important issue in nursing staffs and we should try to decrease these errors by establishing proper educational and monitoring policies.

Background: Organizational culture of an organization is one of the fundamental staffs' job satisfaction factors. This study aimed to compare the effects of organizational culture on faculty members and staffs' job satisfaction using Hofstede's model.Material of Shahid Beheshti university of Medical Sciences were randomly selected and studies in 2015. Minnesota questionnaire were used to job satisfaction and measuring dimension of organizational culture (distribution of high power, ambiguity aversion, masculinity/femininity and individualism/collectivism) by modified Hofstede's model in five spectrums of Likert scale.Results: The study population consists of %39 faculty members and %60.9 staffs, %66.7 percent were women and %74.4 of them were married. Mean and standard deviation of age was 42.3±9.7 years old. Most of people were opposed to the distribution of high power and masculinity and demanding ambiguity aversion and collectivism. Significant and direct relationship was observed between job satisfaction and collectivism among staffs. The rate of individualism variable effect was little more than power distribution. There was significant difference in ambiguity aversion alone among faculty members and staffs' opinion (p<0.001). The rate of job satisfaction was more among faculty members (p<0.001).Conclusions: Faculty members' job satisfaction was more than staffs. Hence modifying of distribution high power and patriarchy in organizational culture and ambiguity aversion could increased staffs' job satisfaction?

Background: In recent years great attention has been paid to the effect of physical movements and ritual rhythmic on the psychosomatic health. The aim of the present study was to determine the different aspects of the effect of physical movements and ritual rhythmic on the psychosomatic health.Methods: This study was based on meta-analysis of almost all relevant published reports on the effects of physical movement, ritual rhythmic, psychometric health findings.Results: Research in the field of psychological effect of religion, physical and rhythmic activity particularly precise and concentrated thinking were focused on the Eastern religion such as Islam and Hinduism. In addition, physical movement of the ritual ceremonies among various ethnic groups was shown the affect the mental and human body health. Physical movement ritual was in fact kind of non-competitive and active exercises that have a positive effect on the physical and mental health and notable effect on the sprit. The rites and rituals of Islam movement along with pray had a significant impact on the mental health. The recent reviews have shown the effect of precise movements and rhythmic prayer on the brain and autonomic nervous system.Conclusion: Studies imply the effect of rhythmic physical movements along with pray during Muslim prayer and other religions on reduction of tension and anxiety and cardiovascular risk reduction. In addition, some physical movements including Indian classic dance had therapeutic effect including stress reduction.