JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ELITES
Year:2024 | Volume:9 | Issue:1 (ویژه)|Papers Count:17

The main objective of this research is to identify management damages in Bostan Abad schools among 640 teachers and 240 people based on the Morgan table. Management is for improving quality in education. This text points out the importance of research and investigation in this field and the need for new guidance and leadership to meet the demands of managers, teachers, students and parents is raised. It also addresses the strategies and methods of schools to achieve the goals of the education system and raises questions about the effectiveness of these methods. Finally, it refers to readiness for future changes and the need to train managers with new skills and knowledge.

This study examined the adjustment of parents raising children with autism spectrum disorder, specifically the facilitating role of self-efficacy and social support. One hundred and thirty-six parents of children with autism completed a series of self-report questionnaires via an online survey. Using multiple regression analysis, self-efficacy and social support each played a significant role in one or more positive adjustment outcomes. Results indicated that acceptance and action were positively and significantly related to parental self-efficacy and social support. The implications of these findings for supporting parents raising children with autism spectrum disorder are discussed.

Accounting standards play a crucial role in the transparency and comparability of financial information. This article examines Iranian accounting standards and compares them with international standards, highlighting how economic and cultural factors can influence their adoption, The article also discusses key differences in definitions, evaluation methods, and disclosure requirements between national and international standards, as well as the challenges and opportunities in adopting international financial reporting standards in Iran. Ultimately, it emphasizes that adopting these standards can enhance the transparency and quality of financial information in Iran’s capital market.

Women heads of households face livelihood, emotional, and obsessional concerns. This group of women has more psychological problems than other women and has a lower level of psychological well-being. Happiness and unhappiness are emotions that affect performance and productivity, social relationships and social trust, social interactions and participation of individuals, and provide or block conditions for better social cohesion. Women heads of households are considered to be among the deprived groups of society who are exposed to risks in both material and psychological and emotional aspects. This research was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method that used library study methods, articles, and other information sources to put together better and effective solutions for this group of society by studying past histories.

With the increase in the number of people who desire cosmetic procedures and surgeries, doctors are encountering more people with BDD than ever before. People with this disorder try to solve their problem with surgery. There are many ways to identify these people and doctors can screen people who are considering cosmetic surgery. This disorder involves a minor and mild physical defect or perception of appearance that the person is sensitive to.

The study of the effect of NEAT1 lncRNA (Nuclear Paraspeckle Assembly Transcript 1) destruction using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in PC-3 cell line was investigated. In this study, recombinant plasmids carrying sgRNA were constructed in the CRISPR system. PC-3 prostate cancer cell line was transfected with recombinant vectors and the expression of apoptosis-related genes was measured using the q-PCR method. Annexin, MTT and cell scratch assays were used to study apoptotic activities, cell viability, proliferation and cell migration, respectively. NEAT1 gene destruction using the CRISPR/Cas9 method caused changes in the expression of apoptosis-related genes,in a way that the expression of P21, BCL2 and BIRC5 genes decreased and the expression of P53 and BAX increased. In the cells of the treatment group, the rate of cell proliferation and migration was reduced compared to the control group. NEAT1, as an oncogene, plays an important role in tumorigenesis, and its destruction causes a decrease in cell survival and migration and an increase in apoptosis of cancer cells. NEAT1 gene, prostate cancer, PC-3 cells, CRISPR-Cas9. CRISPR or gene therapy is a new method aimed at changing gene expression that leads to the deletion of gene sequences or the addition of gene sequences used to treat various types of cancer cells. CRISPR is a tool for cutting DNA at a specific point that seeks to remove. Change and return DNA to patient cells to give them the power to fight cancer.

To achieve a suitable anesthetic drug for rapid anesthesia with long-term and safe recovery, we investigate the anesthetic effect of lavender essential oil on Sistan Hake (Schizothorax) and drugs MS-222, clove essential oil and 2-phenoxyethanol on common carp. 260 Schizothorax fry with average weight and total length of 58. 69 ± 1. 50 g and 20. 77 ± 1. 16 cm, respectively, were anesthetized by bath method at concentrations of 200, 300 and 400 ppm lavender essential oil. Fish samples were taken at two times, zero (10 minutes after anesthesia) and 24 hours after anesthesia to examine AST, ALT and ALP enzymes and histological tests. In studying the effect of three anesthetic drugs MS-222, clove essential oil and 2-phenoxyethanol, first the effective and lethal concentrations of each drug were determined. Then, the carp were blood sampled at 0, 1, 12, 24 and 72 hours after anesthesia and the hematological parameters including hematocrit, hemoglobin level, red blood cell count MCV, MCH, MCHC and total and differential white blood cell count were compared among the treatments. The activity levels of serum enzymes including ALP, AST, ALT and LDH were also measured and compared. The results showed that these drugs did not have a significant effect on serum enzymes.

The amount of agricultural waste and residues in Iran is very high and, given its composition, it is a suitable source for the production of bioethanol. Molasses is one of the most abundant and cheapest sources available for the production of ethanol. Due to its wide applications, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used in the first study, using the response surface methodology (RSM) to produce bioethanol from glucose, and in the second study, using sugar factory waste molasses in a non-binding fermentation system. The production of biofuels can compete with all fuels produced from expensive biomass and be a suitable alternative to fossil fuels.

This study investigated and analyzed the efficiency of sedimentation structures in Kermanshah province, and its results can help improve water resources management and flood control. Control structures such as gabions and drywall have had a positive effect on reducing soil erosion and sedimentation in different basins of the province, so that a significant reduction in erosion has been observed in the Haji Abad basin. In addition, this study introduces a new technology for continuous and controlled sedimentation removal from dam reservoirs. This technology includes a suction system with two separate pumps, one designed to remove sediments and the other to produce a water jet to create turbulence in the sediment layers. Experiments in the Xenon Dam reservoir indicate the positive effect of the water jet on the sedimentation process, and the results show that sediment removal in the case of water jets is much greater than in the case without water jets. The results of this study show that the use of water jets significantly increases the efficiency of sedimentation, and without it, effective removal Settled sediments are difficult to remove. Therefore, this technology can be used as an effective solution for sediment management in dam reservoirs and help improve the efficiency of sedimentation structures.

Communicable diseases cause 45% of deaths in developing countries, and vaccination is the best way to prevent it. However, current methods of vaccine production are complex and expensive, which makes vaccination inaccessible to poor countries. Recently, plant-based oral vaccines have been proposed as a new method. In this method, antigen genes are attached to plant viruses and used to produce vaccines in plants. Plants are a safe, efficient and inexpensive production platform through which vaccines and other therapeutic proteins can be produced for poor and developing countries of the world. Plant virus-based expression vector technology is one of the most popular methods for expressing pharmaceutical proteins in plants, in which several oral vaccines are reviewed. Advanced virus-based expression systems, especially geminiviruses in plants for vaccine production. Advantages of single-stranded and small DNA viruses. Progress in the design of several different expression viral vectors based on geminiviruses and examples of vaccines and other biological materials are discussed. Finally, the advantages and challenges of producing oral vaccines in medical science are discussed.

The economic challenges and production processes of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) have significantly slowed its commercial adoption. This review examines the current feedstocks and conversion methods for cost-effective SAF production. The focus is on alternative feedstocks such as lignocellulosic biomass, waste materials, oil-seed crops, and microalgal oils, which could replace traditional crops. Conversion methods like the Fischer-Tropsch process, hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA), and non-thermal plasma are cost-effective and show high potential for SAF production. However, technical issues, including immaturity and high costs, require further optimization of these processes using alternative feedstocks. The review also highlights critical factors affecting reaction efficiency, such as feedstock properties, reaction conditions, catalyst reusability, and supporting materials. Ultimately, the paper discusses the challenges, solutions, and opportunities for cost-effective SAF production.

As societies have become industrialized due to population growth, the interest in using biosurfactants has increased dramatically. Biomass, also called biosurfactants, produces amphiphilic compounds that, with their low molecular weight, reduce surface tension. Their use is not limited to the petroleum, medical, and agricultural industries, but is also used in many other areas. This review article examines the various applications of biosurfactants and their use in industry.

In recent years, the use of biodegradable nanoparticles in drug delivery systems has attracted attention due to numerous advantages such as reducing side effects and increasing drug efficacy. This study aimed to produce and optimize protein nanoparticles based on bovine albumin as a drug carrier. Nanotechnology in the field of drug delivery is rapidly developing to overcome several limitations of traditional drug delivery systems and be used as a superior therapy for cancer treatment.

In recent years, due to resistance to chemotherapy and its side effects, the mortality rate from breast cancer has increased significantly. In this study, we tried to find an alternative to current treatment methods and drugs by examining the medicinal properties of plants such as different varieties of apricot kernels, as well as pomegranate peel and flower extracts. In this study, extracts were made from four apricot kernel varieties (Jahangiri, Parsley, N58 and Palmia) as well as pomegranate peel and flower, and after culturing and propagating the desired cells, we examined the effect of the extracts on the cells with different tests such as MTT and DPPH. The results of these tests showed that in the treatments we performed in 24 and 72 hours, the highest reduction in cancer cell proliferation was related to the highest concentration of the N585 variety. Also, considering that both peel and flower extracts had antitumor properties, these plants can be considered a promising alternative.

One of the important issues in religious beliefs is the issue of Mahdism and the issue of the emergence of the Imam. All divine religions believe in it and all are waiting for the savior of the end times. In Islam, special attention is also paid to it and many verses and narrations are dedicated to this matter. The Zaidis' belief bases on Mahdism are the need of society for a savior of the end times and a justice-spreader and a world savior, but they have a difference of opinion with the Imamiyyah regarding the savior. The Imamiyyah believe in the promised Mahdi, who is the twelfth Imam of the Shiites of the world, and they believe that he is in occultation and will reappear at some point and spread justice and make the world seek justice, but the Zaidis believe that any Imam who has the conditions for Imamate and rises is the Mahdi and the savior of the end times. With these interpretations, the most important difference between Zaidi Shiism and Imami Shiism is that the Zaidis' attitude towards Imamate has a more political color and flavor,While the Shiite Imamiyyah view of the Imamate is a religious and text-based view, the Zaydi view of the Imamate is based on the Fatimids and the uprising against Sayf. This article attempts to examine this issue with regard to verses, narrations, and rational reasons and to prove the main reason for the occultation of the Savior of humanity, which is the lack of readiness of humans, and then to specify our mission in preparing and preparing and paving the way for the emergence of that universal reformer.

Gene therapy has attracted much attention as a promising approach to treat a wide range of diseases other than rare hereditary and single-gene disorders. For this purpose, nucleic acids must be delivered and expressed into human target cells. Recent advances in gene delivery vectors have brought the dream of gene therapy for incurable serious diseases closer to reality. Before gene therapy can become a popular method for treating diseases, some intracellular and extracellular barriers need to be overcome. Today, a wide range of vectors have been developed for gene delivery. Several safe viral and non-viral vectors have been developed and used for the successful treatment of some hereditary, immunodeficiency, eye, and cancer diseases. Viral vectors are suitable for gene therapy of diseases that require long-term gene expression. Although non-viral vectors are less effective than viral vectors, they are more specific, less immunogenic, and capable of delivering longer genes. Gene therapy is divided into two main categories: somatic cell and germline gene therapy. In particular, genetic manipulation of germline cells, with its effects on future generations, as well as clinical and social implications, will raise profound ethical and health issues that will influence the use and application of this method in the future.

Social anxiety, especially in the context of public speaking, is a common challenge in personal and social life that can negatively impact individuals' communication abilities and self-confidence. Understanding the factors that contribute to this type of anxiety and its physical and psychological symptoms helps provide effective solutions to deal with this problem. Improving communication skills and anxiety management through educational techniques and creating supportive environments can help individuals to be more confident in social situations. Paying attention to mental health and trying to overcome social anxiety improves the quality of personal and social life.