Rahyaft
Year:2023 | Volume:33 | Issue:89|Papers Count:6

Today, the elites, as the country's scientific assets, play an important role in the country's development, and the country's development depends on them. One of the most important damages and challenges facing human capital in a country is the issue of elite migration, which has caused the loss of an important part of capital in developing countries. Scientific self-confidence, scientific elitism and maintaining elites are important scientific dimensions for the category of scientific authority. Scientific authority means becoming a scientific center, which was proposed by the Supreme Leader in the country's scientific discourse. Considering the various harms that are lurking among the scientific elite, it is necessary to pay more attention to the elite society in advance. In this regard, the aim of the current research is to explain the reasons for the importance of supporting and protecting the elite society. This research is qualitative and exploratory in terms of purpose. The society and the field of research includes the statements of the Supreme Leader regarding the protection and support of researchers and scientific elites. The data were collected by means of document study and data collection. In order to identify and discover themes, the theme analysis method has been used. In order to extract the basic, organizing and comprehensive themes, the text of the Supreme Leader's statements was analyzed. After analyzing the data through the theme analysis process, 62 basic themes, 6 organizing themes and 3 overarching themes were extracted. The themes of the organizer include: "functional importance and the need to pay attention to the elites", "the spiritual importance of the elites and their orientations", "the importance of protecting and maintaining the elites", "the importance of paying attention to the capabilities of the elites and their growth", "the moral responsibility of the elites" and " The importance of elites from a religious point of view", the overarching themes include: "the need to honor the elites", "the need to build and protect the elites" and "the importance of the elites' responsibility".

Previous studies and the experts’ and scientific leaders’ opinions confirm the necessity of providing a comprehensive and accurate plan to achieve scientific and technological authority to guarantee security, social-economic development, and the growth of modern Iranian-Islamic civilization. In this study, with the methodology of developing a strategy map, based on the integral framework of futures, and using the findings of the content analysis of 64 related documents, four strategic options (including the processes and infrastructure necessary for each option) to achieving Iran's scientific and technological authority were proposed, modified and refined by obtaining experts' opinions gathered by focused group interview. These options include (1) strengthening the centers of fundamental and civilization-building studies with special support for centers of excellence and scientific poles and facilitating the presence of prominent researchers in scientific societies with a focus on basic sciences and humanities, (2) distribution of resources to train researchers as much as possible, (3) creating an international role through the development of mission-oriented centers for political authority and public security, (4) and supporting knowledge-based economy and solving problems and national challenges through networking of large and small companies and playing a role in the global value chain. These strategic options can be taken into consideration by policymakers in different time horizons and for different scientific fields according to the country's capacities. In other words, choosing a single strategic option to achieve scientific and technological authority is avoided, and following the criteria, the weight of each of the four options in the macro policies and their shares in the consumption of existing resources will change.

Academic freedom is one of the prerequisites for the advancement of science and knowledge and the development of academic society. Based on this, the aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between academic freedom and scientific authority. The current research was of an applied type, which was carried out by the survey method. The statistical population of the research was the faculty members of Semnan University, and the sample members were selected by random sampling method. To collecting data, two researcher-made questionnaires of scientific authority and academic freedom were used, and their validity and reliability were confirmed. The scientific authority questionnaire consisted of 5 dimensions of scientific productivity, scientific effectiveness, national and international scientific communication, scientific values and norms, and honoring and promoting the scientific community. The academic freedom questionnaire also included 5 dimensions of freedom of research and teaching, freedom of academic exchange and publication, institutional independence of the university, campus integrity, and freedom of scientific and cultural expression. According to the findings of the research, from the point of the faculty members, the status of scientific reference indicators in the country was average, and among the indicators, scientific productivity had the highest average and scientific effectiveness had the lowest average. The overall average of academic freedom was also lower than the average, and among its indicators, freedom of academic exchange and publication had the highest average and freedom of scientific and cultural expression had the lowest average. Also, the findings showed that there is a significant difference between the views of faculty members of different subject areas about scientific authority and academic freedom, which had the highest mean in both variables in the engineering field and the lowest average in the field of humanities and social sciences. The result of the correlation and regression test also showed a significant relationship between academic freedom and scientific authority. Generally, one of the main requirements for the development of science and knowledge and reaching scientific authority is the development of academic freedom in the country.

Today, one of the most important indicators and criteria for evaluating the significance anddetermining the impact of research conducted in the form of research articles andmonographs is the determination of the citation count for these works. The Impact Factor ofan academic journal is a metric that presents and displays the annual average number ofreferences to articles published in that journal, and it is a significant and influential factor inprecisely defining the position and importance of the research and studies in that reference.This scholarly reference indicates the complete competence and eligibility of that referencefor citation in the explanation and analysis of issues, and, more importantly, in the discoveryof solutions in addressing dilemmas and challenges—an aspect that has been deemedreasonable and acceptable in today's world and is one of humanity's most importantachievements in overcoming uncertainties and ambiguities.In this way, we distanced ourselves from those foundations and meanings. Althoughextensive efforts have been made since the Islamic Revolution to revive an art identity basedon tradition, the onslaught from one side and the absence of a coherent artistic school in ourcivilization system have dimmed the intensity of these efforts.Note: The text appears to be discussing the challenges and changes in Iranian Islamic art andthe influence of Western thought and artistic trends on it.This article, using a descriptive-analytical method and relying on well-documented historicalevidence, endeavors to explain of the ontological foundations of art and architecture, as wellas the unparalleled reference of Iranian Islamic art and architecture throughout its history. Itexplains from the standpoint of the worthy and deserving status of this art, whichunfortunately faces serious challenges today. Challenges, of course, can be overcome withcareful planning and scholarly efforts.Keywords: Art; Architecture; Artistic Reference; Necessities and Challenges.

Scientific leadership is one of the country's macropolicies and main approaches in science and technology. This concept can be used in different dimensions such as education and research, technology, health and treatment, etc., and the examination and analysis of each of these aspects will clarify different aspects of this issue. The aim of the current research is to calculate the indicators, requirements and solutions for the realization of scientific leadership in the field of health and treatment of the country and to provide a model for it. The research method is applied-developmental in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data collection, and in order to achieve the purpose of the research, the theme network method and theme analysis were used. The research data was collected through the analysis and review of the comprehensive scientific map of the country's health and conducting interviews in the form of specialized meetings with 13 experts in the country's health field. The results of this study show that indicators related to scientific growth, acceptance of foreign patients and students, achievement of global standards, scientific visibility and national and international networking, technology and the market of products and services can be used to measure the realization of scientific leadership in the field of health and used treatment Also, prioritization and program-oriented, capable and elite human resources, inter-institutional coordination, infrastructures and financing were identified as requirements for realizing scientific leadership in the field of health and treatment, and among the solutions for realizing scientific leadership in this field, national and international discourse creation and promotion, The freedom of action and independence of universities is the promotion of scientific diplomacy and the support of human capital.

Abdi, A. (2021). Limiting the theory of Islamic refusal in religious tolerance and legal pluralism in order to achieve sustainable peace. Judgment, 21 (106), 85-109. (Persian)Aflaki Arefi, S. A. (1984). Manaqeb Al-Arefin: Corrections, margins and annotations: Tahsin Yazchi. (T. Sobhani, Persian Trans.). Tehran: Donyaye Ketab. (Persian)Alikhani, S., Eslami, R., & Niavarani, S. (2021). An essay on the relationship between law and tolerating minorities in the international documents and the IRI constitution. Jornal of Eslamic Human Rights, 10 (3), 33-61. (Persian)Amiri, M., Karimi, M., & Khodami, A. (2020). A sociological explanation of the relation between religiosity patterns and demographic variables with social tolerance (Case study: Ethnicities living in Kazerun City). Journal of Islam and Social Studies, 8 (31), 183-221. (Persian) DOI: 10.22081/JISS.2021.58067.1663Azadi, G. (2022). Extraction and prioritization of strategies for achieving scientific leadership in Iran with an interpretive structural modeling approach. Strategic Studies of public policy, 11 (41), 240-265. (Persian)Bagheri Moghaddam, N., Azadi, G., & Khorarsani, M. (2022). Presenting a conceptual model for the realization of scientific leadership in Iran's Higher Education System. Rahyaft, 32 (4), 53-64. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/RAHYAFT.2023.11451.1449Barani, M. R., & Dehghani, M. (2014). Comparative analysis of religious moderation of Buyid and Seljuq governors in political and state affairs. Quarterly Research Journal of Islamic History, 1 (13), 7-26. (Persian). DOI: 20.1001.1.22519726.1393.1.13.1.5Barzegar, P., Mahdinejhad Noori, M., Fateh Rad, M., & Zahedi, M. M. (2021). Architecture of science, technology and innovation of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to achieve scientific authority in Horizon 1440. Interdisciplinary Studies on Strategic Knowledge, 5 (19), 7-38. (Persian). DOI: 20.1001.1.74672588.1400.5.19.1.7Bastenegar, M., & Hassani, A. (2018). Tolerance; A spiritual strategy or a strategic spirituality in development of creative tourism. Bagh-e Nazar Journal, 15 (60), 37-50. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/BAGH.2018.62764Ben-David, J. (1970). The rise and decline of France as a scientific centre. Minerva, 8, 160-179. DOI: 10.1007/BF01553210Bohrani, A., & Foroutani, Z. (2022). The concept and drivers of scientific authority in the civilizational discourse of Imam Khamenei. Rahyaft, 32 (3), 3-20. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/RAHYAFT.2023.11393.1413Dehghani, M., & Barani, M. R. (2013). The role of tolerance in the growth of Islamic culture and civilization in the 4th Century of Hegira. Religious Research, 1 (1), 69-82. (Persian)Dehghani, M., & Barani, M. R. (2018). The position of tolerance in Islamic civilization-making from Sayyid Jamāl al-Dīn Asadābādīs view. Journal of Imamiyyah Studies, 3 (6), 99-122. (Persian)Fallahzadeh, A. (2021). Fatalism and tolerance; two belief networks in time of development of Othmani government (716-804 After Hijrah). History of Islam, 20 (80), 139-172. (Persian) DOI: 10.22081/HIQ.2020.68786Farazkish, M., & Nasri, S. (2022). Analysis of the realization of the quantitative goals of research and technology in the sixth five-year program of economic, social and cultural development. Strategic Studies of public policy, 12 (44), 214-236. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/SSPP.2022.556409.3237Farazkish, M., Azadi Ahmadabadi, G., & Abdi, S. (2022). Conceptual model of "Scientific Leadrship" from the Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamenei’s viewpoint. Strategic Management Thought, 16 (3), 1-28. (Persian) DOI: 10.30497/smt.2023.243030.3382Fartash, K., & Azizi, A. (2022). Presenting a framework of indicators for monitoring and evaluating scientific authority in humanities (With an emphasis on educational, scientific publication, and promotion authority). Rahyaft, 32 (4), 85-100. (Persian). DOI: 10.22034/rahyaft.2023.11388.1407Fartash, K., & Ghorbani, A. (2022). Proposing a policy mix for enhancing socio-economic effectiveness and applicability of humanities to achieve scientific authority. Rahyaft, 32 (3), 33-54. (Persian) DOI: 0.11421.2023.RAHYAFT/22034.1Gazni, A. (2022). The influence of international scientific collabortaion on the citation impact of Iranian universities and ways to enhance it. Rahyaft, 32 (3), 73-90. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/RAHYAFT.2023.11408.1423Ghafourifar, M., & Hosseyni, A. R. (2019). Discourse components based on freethinking in Raḍavī's debates; An ideal strategy for pathology of the challenges, and obstacles to the realization of freethinking seats. Journal of Razavi Culture, 7 (26), 157-190. (Persian)Ghazinoori, S. S. (2022a). Iran in the place of Scientific Authority. Rahyaft, 32 (4), 1-2. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/RAHYAFT.2022.14013Ghazinoori, S. S. (2022b). Scientific authority. Rahyaft, 32 (3), 1-2. (Persian)Ghazinoory, S., & Safari, H. (2022). Two competing views on the concept of scientific authority: Explanation and evaluation. Rahyaft, 32 (3), 21-32. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/RAHYAFT.2023.11424.1432Ghazinoory, S., Aliahmadi, A., Namdarzangeneh, S., & Ghodsypour, S. H. (2007). Using AHP and LP for choosing the best alternatives based the gap analysis. Applied Mathematics and computation, 184 (2), 316-321. DOI:10.1016/j.amc.2006.05.178Ghorbankhani, M., & Salehi, K. (2021). A phenomenological approach to the study of obstacles of creation of knowledge in humanities based on the perception and lived experience of the university elites and scholars. Rahbord Farhang, 13 (52), 75-110. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/jsfc.2021.126583Golpour, S., & Eslami, R. (2013). Tolerance in International Human Rights Law. Public Law Researsh, 15 (40), 71-113. (Persian)Goodarzi, G., & Roudi, K. (2012). Interpretation of scientific authority for educational institutions by applying grounded theory. Science & Technology, 4 (2), 75-90. (Persian). DOI: 20.1001.1.20080840.1390.4.2.7.6Hafezi, R., MirzaRasouli, F. & Aminlou, M. (2022). An essay on scientific authority: From the perspective of a selected pre-eminent Iranian scientist. Journal of Science & Technology Policy, 15 (3), 29-40. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/jstp.2022.13956Haq Dost, A. A., Nouri Hekmat, S., Dehnoye, R., & Porshikh Ali, A. (2019). A practical look at the concept of scientific authority. Iranian Journal of Culture and Health Promotion, 3 (1), 16-23. (Persian)Hassanzadeh, M. (2023). Multilayer model of scientific authority. Sciences and Techniques of Information Management, 9 (2), 443-451. (Persian) DOI: 10.22091/STIM.2023.2521Ibn Abi al-Hadid Mu'tazili, A. H. (1983). Description of Nahj al-Balagha (M. A. Ebrahim, Persian Tran.). Qom: Publications of Ayatollah Marashi Najafi. (Persian)Jalilian, S., Jorfi, M., & Sanjaripoor, R. (2012). Sasanian and Jews in conflict and coexistence. Journal of Historical Researches, 5 (9), 7-22. (Persian) https://www.magiran.com/paper/1219596/sasanian-and-jews-in-conflict-and-coexistence?lang=enKhatami, S. J., Khatami, S. S., & Khatami, S. M. (2021). Investigating free thinking chairs in some of the most important universities in the world and its impact on social health according to Quranic principles. Journal of Islamic Studies in Health, 4 (18), 25-36. (Persian)Koleini, Sh. (1945). Alkafi (A. A. Ghaffari, M. Akhoondi, Eds.). Tehran: House of Islamic Books. Available from: https://lib.eshia.ir/11005/0/2 (Persian)Madadi, K., & Khairandish, A. R. (2020). The Development of public spaces in Shiraz in the first half of the 7th Century and its role in civil solidarity. Historical Sciences Studies, 12 (3), 89-106. (Persian) DOI: 10.22059/jhss.2020.277810.473092Mahmoudi, M., Khakpour, H., Goli, M., & Nouri, E. (2016). The ethics of debates and moral debates in Razavi's life and the way of using it in free-thinking seats. Journal of Bio-Scientific Research Ethics, 5 (15), 163-194Majlesi. (1983). Bahar Al-Anwar. Al-Wafa Beirut Foundation. (Persian)Mazaheri, J., Fayyaz, I. D., Rasoulipour, R., & Salahshoori, A. (2023). Analysis of the social idea of Imam Musa Sadr and its implications for explaining the nature of social education. Scientific Journal of Islamic Education, 31 (60), 278-312. (Persian) DOI: 20.1001.1.22516972.1402.31.3.10.0Mohammadi, R., Khazaeili, M. B. (2019). Jamiat Akhavan al-Safa and the idea of Islamic tolerance. Journal of Historical Researches of Iran and Islam, 13 (25), 125-134. (Persian) DOI: 10.22111/jhr.2019.4966Muvahedi Saveji, M. H. (2008). Tolerance and acceptance in Quran and traditions. Researches of Quran and Hadith Sciences, 5 (2), 126-156. (Persian) DOI: 10.22051/TQH.2008.3414Nasafi, A. (2000). Bayan al-Tanzil (S. A. A. Mir Bagheri Fard, Ed.). Tehran: Cultural Works and Mahakher. (Persian)Nazarzadeh Zare, M., & Mohammadi, Sh. (2020). Recruiting graduates of insider at university: Challenge or Opportunity? Journal of Science & Technology Policy, 12 (1), 91-104. (Persian) DOI: 20.1001.1.20080840.1399.13.1.7.7Nazarzadeh, M. (2020). Academic Inbreeding as a challengeable approach in recruiting faculty members. Rahyaft, 30 (2), 51-61. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/rahyaft.2020.13807Nouri, H. (1895). Mustadrak al-Wasail and Mustanbat al-Masal. Qom: Al-Bayt Foundation. (Persian)Omidi, J. (2021). Tolerance and its reflection in Shafi'i culture. Comparative Studies on the Schools of Jurisprudence and its Principles, 4 (2), 114-88. (Persian) DOI: 10.34785/j023.2021.004Qavamabadi, M. Gh., Mortazavinejad, N., Norouzi, S., Javadi, M., Nani, S., & Abdul Hosseinzadeh, M. (2015). The model of scientific authority in the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the statements of the Supreme Leader. Basij Strategic Studies, 68 (18), 30-5. (Persian)Rahbar, F., & Hossein Zadeh, H. (2016). Illustrating the relation of power, scientific authority and technology of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the world with power and national security based on the principles of the Islamic Republic. Journal of Islamic Revolution Studies, 13 (44), 167-188. (Persian)Rahbar, F., & Hossein Zadeh, H. (2017). The impact of the acquisition of scientific authority in security and national sovereignty. National Security, 6 (22), 95-118. (Persian)Rahimi, G. (2022). Operational mechanisms in the realization of scientific authority (Approach of using historical evidence during the flourishing period of Islamic Civilization). Rahyaft, 32 (4), 3-18. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/RAHYAFT.2023.11447.1444Ranjbar, M. (2017). Historical Investigation on the Role and Jurisprudential Authority of the Imams. Shia Pajoohi, 3 (9), 29-50. (Persian)Razavi, H., & Razavi, R. (2019). The concept of scientific authority of Imams. Theological Research Quarterly, 8 (30), 7-24. (Persian)Sadabadi, A. A., Rahimi Rad, Z., & Fartash, K. (2020a). Recognizing the components of scientific referent in the Islamic Republic of Iran., 10 (35), 87-115. (Persian) DOI: 10.22084/rjir.2020.21909.3091Sadabadi, A. A., Rahimi, R. Z., & Fartash, K. (2020b). Application of social innovation to increase social participation to achieve scientific referent. Management in The Islamic University, 9 (1), 141-164. (Persian)Sadr, M. (2014). The path of Imam al-Sayyid Musa al-Sadr. Beirut: Darbilal Latabaeh and Al-Nashar. (Persian)Safdari Ranjbar, M. (2022). Conceptualization of technological authority from technological catch-up perspective; Indicators, requirements and policy solutions. Rahyaft, 32 (4), 65-84. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/RAHYAFT.2023.11388.1407Shabestari, M. (2003). Gulshan Raz (M. Hamasian, Ed.). Kerman: Cultural services. (Persian)Sharifani, M., & Ma’refat, M. (2023). A research on the strengths of the ideas and functions of Mysticism and Sufism. Islamic Mysticism, 20 (77), 99-118. (Persian) DOI: 10.2234/erfan.2023.706038Siahkuhian, H. (2022). Contraction and expansion of “Religious Tolerance” discourse in Islamic Sufism (up to the Eighth Century). Mystical Literature, 14 (30), 129-160. (Persian). DOI: 20.1001.1.20089384.1401.14.30.4.3Taban, M., Yasini, A., Shiri, A., & Mohammadi, I. (2016). Designing and explaining process model of scientific authority in Iran’s higher education mixed approach. Knowledge Retrieval and Semantic Systems, 3 (6), 20-40. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/RAHYAFT.2023.11388.1407Tabatabaei, F. (2017). Role of tolerance in sublimation of human and society (Individual ad social wayfaring), with special reference to Imam Khomeini’s mystical thought and political behavior. Pajouheshnameh Matin, 18 (73), 109-125. (Persian) DOI: 20.1001.1.24236462.1395.18.73.6.9Taheri, G. (2022). Rumi's principles of Religious Tolerance. Mysticism research in literature, 1 (1), 258-286.‎ (Persian) DOI: 10.22054/msil.2022.65914.1030Taheriniya, A. B., & NamdariPejman, M. (2022). Realization of scientific authority in the context of Nth generation of universities. Rahyaft, 32 (3), 91-100. (Persian) DOI: 10.22034/RAHYAFT.2023.11413.1434Zamani Mahjoub, H., Madadi, S. N., & Geramian Dehdasht, A. (2016). Obstacles to holding free thinking chairs in higher education institutions. Journal of Islamic Social Studies, 22 (109), 131-150. (Persian)Zeynali, H., & Hekmat, N. (2023). Pluralism and tolerance in Ibn Arabi’s thought with emphasis on Al-Futuhat al-Makkiyya. Shinakht, 15 (2), 99-117. (Persian). DOI: 10.48308/kj.2023.229812.1140