International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences
Year:2013 | Volume:1 | Issue:3|Papers Count:6

Dear EditorFiber has known as an essential part of human nutrition. It is a nutrient that could not get digested by human gastrointestinal tract. It absorbs water and helps bowel movements. Fiber Classifies as polysaccharides such as cellulose, pectin, lignin, etc. Two types of fiber exist, soluble and insoluble. Soluble fiber absorbs water; binds to fatty acids; slows down the rate of sugar absorption; helps stomach emptying and gets fermented via GI (gastrointestinal) bacteria through digestion. Insoluble fiber goes without changes through digestion; it helps to maintain the PH level of intestines and it also helps to move bulks through GI. Some types of soluble fibers are: kidney beans, pinto beans, brussels sprouts, broccoli, spinach, zucchini, fruits (raw), apple, orange, grapefruit, grapes, prunes, grains, oatmeal, whole-wheat bread. Some types of insoluble fiber are: vegetables (especially dark green leafy ones), root vegetable skins, fruit skins, whole wheat products, wheat bran, corn bran, nuts and seeds (14). The daily recommended intake of fiber is 25-35 gm for pregnancy; however, in many countries the consumed fiber is below 14 grm/day for pregnant women. Adequate hydration and water intake is recommended along with proper fiber intake. Excess of fiber is not recommended because it causes nutrient loss and diarrhea during pregnancy.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of transobturator tape (TOT) and single incision mini sling (SIMS) procedures in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Materials and Methods: The data of 32 patients who underwent TOT (Promedon®) or SIMS (Ophira®) operations related to SUI between January 2010 - August 2012 were retrospectively evaluated. The sample divided in two groups according to the operation type. The demographical features, preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative data were analysed and compared between two groups to evaluate the efficacy of the operations in SUI. All patients were assessed with a detailed history, physcical examination, cough test, Q-tip test, ultrasonography, postvoiding residual measurement, cystometry and UDI-6, IIQ-7 questionares. Postoperatively, the patients without any incontinence on cough test or sistometry were defined as the success.Results: The parameters of age, menapousal status, number of vaginal delivery, and body mass index were similar in two groups. The mean operation time was significantly shorter in SIMS group (16±3 vs 27±5, p<0.05). Postoperative success was not different between two groups (88%, %80 respectively, p>0.05). Postoperative UDI-6 and IIQ-7 scores were 3.5±3.4 vs 3.8±4.8 and 4.4±4.2 vs 5.1±5,6 respectively, and they were similar (p>0.05 in both). In addition, the improvement in these scores were not statistically significant between two groups (p>0.05 in both).Conclusion: SIMS procedure is safe and as effective as TOT with shorter operation time in the surgical teratment of female SUI.

Objective: Two-cell block as a problem occurs in some couples referring to infertility center. This study was designed to compare the effect of different kinds of chemical activators on arrested mouse two-cell stage embryos in order to enhance cleavage and developmental formation rate.Material and Methods: Following superovulation, the female mice were mated with males and positive vaginal plaque mice were euthanized 48 hours after hCG injection. Subsequently, 2- cell embryos were collected and randomly cultured (in M16 medium) in six groups. Some embryos were washed and cultured as 1st group without any exposure. The remaining 2-cell stage embryos were exposed to 4oC for 24 hours in order to arrest in 2-cell stage for 2nd to 6th groups. The 2nd group was incubated immediately, while the 3rd group was exposed to 10 mM Ionomycine for 3 minutes and the 4th group was exposed to 10 mM strontium for 5 minutes. The 5th group was exposed to %0.1 Ethanol for 5 minutes and the 6th group to %0.1 Methanol for 3 minutes. Subsequently, all groups were incubated up to blastocyst stage.Results: Data were analysed employing a one-way Anova test the results show that the rate of degenerated embryos is significantly different (P<0.05) between groups by low temperature (4oC) exposure. The mean percentages of cleavage, blastocyst and hatched blastocyst formation rate in the 4th group were 80.9%, 69.2%, and 46% respectively, showing a significant difference between groups.Conclusion: This study shows that among different chemical activators used in this study, Strontium is the most powerful chemical activator to enhance cleavage and development of arrested two-cell embryos in the 4th group.

Objective: Citrullus vulgaris is an antioxidant that has been shown to reduce oxidative stress. Worldwide studies have been done in order to use as herbal medicine in different fields of medicine. Based on ancient Persians traditional books use of herbal medicine has positive effect on treatment of different diseases. Previous studies confirmed antioxidants have significant effect on infertility by their role on reactive oxygen species. The aim of this study was to see effect of this herb on spermatogenesis.Material and Methods: Wistar male rats (n=20) were allocated into two groups, control group (n=10) and citrullus vulgaris (C.V) group (n=10) that received 55mg.kg-1.day-1 C.V by gavage method for 4 weeks; however, the control group just received an equal volume of distilled water daily. Animals were kept in standard condition. In 28th day, testicle tissues were collected then prepared for sperm analysis.Results: sperm parameters significantly increased in experimental group in comparison to control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Since in our study 55mg.kg-1 (C.V) has significantly increased sperm population, motility and viability, it seems that using it in infertile patients has beneficial effects.

Giant mature teratomas (>20 cm in diameters) sometimes may contain malignant immature elements or tissues. These small foci of immature tissues could be missed at frozen section resulting inadequate initial surgical intervention. There is no large series in the literature either showing the accuracy of frozen section on huge ovarian teratomas or concerning the adequate surgical approach at the initial surgery for giant immature teratomas diagnosed as mature cystic teratomas at frozen section in patients with elevated tumor markers. We presented a case with unilateral giant immature ovarian teratoma and peritoneal gliomatosis which diagnosed as mature cystic teratoma at frozen section. Although elevated tumor markers (CA-125, AFP, CA-19, 9 CEA, and lactate dehydrogenase), ascites and peritoneal implants were suggested malignant disease, staging surgery was not performed due to the benign report of frozen section. Since the patients having peritoneal implants of mature glial tissue have an excellent prognosis regardless of the grade of the ovarian teratomas, it may be suggested that surgical staging at the initial operation may not be performed in patients with giant immature teratoma diagnosed as mature teratoma at frozen section despite to the elevated tumor markers, presence of ascites or mature peritoneal implants. seems that using it in infertile patients has beneficial effects.

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP), is the descent of pelvic organs (bladder, uterus, rectum) until protrusion through the vagina and related to the loss of normal attachment and support of the pelvic floor. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common problem in elderly women and usually causes various urologic symptoms. One of the most important complications of POP is hydronephrosis. The hydronephrosis is usually mild. Severe hydronephrosis is very rare. Hydronephrosis caused by POP may lead to renal dysfunction and serious urinary infections. Early detection and treatment is very important for preventing irreversible renal damage.Hereby, we report a case of 65-years-old woman who had massive uterine prolapse with silent severe bilateral hydronephrosis. She had no complaint except a protruding tissue out of her vagina. Renal function was normal and hydronephrosis was detected incidentally. The symptoms may be non-specific and silent until a serious infection or renal dysfunction. Therefore patients with a POP especially with severe POP need to have evaluation and imaging about the condition or the urinary system before a serious pathology occurs.