NAMEH-YE-MOFID
Year:2010 | Volume:15 | Issue:5 (75 ECONOMICS)|Papers Count:9

The main feature of in Iran's financial markets is the higher role of government and non-competetiveness condition. The establishment of suitable financial services to stimulate industrial growth is one of the most important problem in Iran. The main hypothesis of this paper is to test the relation between financial development and financial repression on industrial growth in Iran during 1974-2007 (Iranian calendar 1353-1386). Based on the ARDL and ECM models, the findings show that the financial development has positive and significant effect on industrial production per capita. On this basis, the deepening of financial intermediary and omission of financial constraints can enhance industrial growth in Iran. In other hands, financial repression has caused a negative effect on industrial production which necessitates to take a decisions to improve the competitive conditions in financial markets. In addition, such findings indicate the importance of Macro financial variables in industrial growth rate.

Nowadays the term social capital has become one of the most important, common and applied concepts in the social sciences. New economic and sociology researches show that social capital affects the essential economic variables.In this article, four indices are being chosen as the main indices of social capital: trust, social participation, civilian cooperation and honesty. And the quantitative value of any of these indices is measured by a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among inhabitants in the centers of provinces through cluster sampling. Simultaneously, the AHP matrix was sent to the researchers of social capital. The weight of any of these indices in social capital was extracted by using the geometric average of the researchers' judgments. The quantitative value of social capital is achieved by using two instruments as follows: 1) the result of questionnaire analysis and 2) the weights which were resulted from AHP matrix.Finally, the effect of any of those chosen indices and the final value of social capital on economic growth was measured by E-views software through using the conventional economic growth model and cross section data of 1385 for any of the provinces.The Results show that social capital has some positive and significant effects on economic growth.

Some empirical studies show a reverse relationship between natural resource abundance and economic growth. Natural resource abundance affects economic growth through different transmission channels so that the human capital is the most important one. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between natural resource abundance and economic growth with emphasis on the role of human capital in this relationship. We analyze this relationship in two groups of petroleum exporting countries: A) Major petroleum exporters B) Other petroleum exporters by cross country economic growth during 1970-2004. The panel data approach is used to estimate econometrics model. Also, the required data is divided to seven parts as five years. In this article the study period is limited to 1970-2004, since the required data for the last five years period of 2005-2009 has not published, yet. Findings show that natural resource abundant inversely related with economic growth, while human capital have a negative effect on group A's economic growth and positive effect on group B's economic growth. In addition, we extend the usual specifications for economic growth regressions by incorporating an interaction term between human capital and natural resources, showing that low levels of human capital may not outweigh the negative effects of the natural resource abundance on group A's growth, but the high levels of human capital may offset the negative effects of the natural resource abundance on group B's growth.

In comparison with the researches have been done in Iran, in this paper we tried to determine the role of the mixed income related to the calculation of the component of generating employment by the occupational groups. Before the year 2001, the mixed income was considered as a residual factor in preparing the National Accounts and Input-Output tables in the operating surplus, thus the majority of researches related to the calculation of the component of generating employment have been done in the pattern of Semi Social Accounting Matrix by endogenizing the compensation of the employees.In this paper, it has been indicated that the ignorance of the role and importance of the mixed income as a part of income of the work force will discredit the results of employment generating ability in Semi Social Accounting Matrix. By aggregation of economy in 15 activities, the results show that activities such as Training, Agriculture, Construction, Wholesaling and Retailing are in higher levels of employment generating, position in comparison with other activities. Moreover, by endogenizing the mixed income component along with the employee's compensation, the employment generating ability in seven sectors are decreased and in other eight sectors are increased.

This paper studies effective elements role on health status in Iran by estimating a health production function. It has been supposed that the health is affected by medical care, socioeconomic, environmental and lifestyle factors. Medical care expenditure per capita, income per capita, unemployment and literacy rates, nutrition pattern, married household rate, tobacco consumption per capita, urbanization rate and industrial employment rate have been applied as effective factors on health function. The data applied in this study is the panel data of the 28 provinces during the years 2000-2004. The results indicate that, an increase in medical care expenditure per capita will not have a significant effect on the health status in Iran, but an increase in employment rate, literacy rate, urbanization rate, income per capita and good nutrition models will improve health in the country. Also unemployment and literacy rates have the largest coefficients among the mentioned variables.

Food subsidy is a method of income redistribution to the benefit of low income households. In this regard the staple foods play an important role. Due to government budget constraint as well as optimum resource allocation the priorities of selected goods to be subsidized is a very crucial point.The purpose of the present paper is to estimate demand for selected subsidized staple food items (i.e. sugar, cooking oil, bread, meat and milk) using Almost Ideal Demand system (AIDS) model based on the Urban Iranian households budget data during 1984-2005.Our findings indicate that due to the inelastic features of the subsidized items under consideration any reduction in subsidy causes an increase in price and consequently increase burden on poor consumers. Moreover, comparing government subsidies during the Second and the Third Economic Development plan and the estimated income and price elasticity it can be concluded that performance in the Third Economic Development Plan has been more suitable in terms of food subsidies.

The aim of this research is to analyze the production chains and industrial clusters using comparative advantage criteria, competitive effect and cumulative effect by applying the methodology of regional growth theory. For this idea, we collected the industrial workshops statistics in the province of Khuzestan in 2002 and 2004 and potential existence of industrial clusters has been observed. On the whole, the results show that the cleaning, grading and packing processes in the case of dates are considered which is a main industrial cluster in the province (specially in Shadegan). Using this methodology, results show that the brick production, plastic products and forging iron and steel can be candidates for industrial clusters in Ahvaz. Also noting that industrial clusters are related to industries which produce homogeneous products in small and medium scales, and are related to private sector. Moreover, the result indicates that the industrial clusters characteristics do not suit with the huge processing such as steel and petrochemical industries.

Since consumer surplus is relevant to the controversy over establishing an appropriate price level between consumers and service providers, and policy making, the need for a robust measurement of benefit from mobile telephone services (MTS) is increasing. The aim of this paper is to estimate consumer surplus in Iran MTS for the period of 1373-86.The measured net consumer surplus estimated by means of elasticities of appropriate demand reached about US$7 billion in the period of study. In particular, after competition was introduced (by Talia and Irancell into the market) with an accompanying price decrease and increase in the number of subscribers, consumers have benefited greatly. The estimated consumer surplus in this paper does not include network externality (option externality); if this were considered, the total social welfare of the consumer would be larger.