URBAN STUDIES
Year:2024 | Volume:14 | Issue:51|Papers Count:6

Participation is one of the important concepts of sociology that plays a significant role in today's world. Participation of citizens in urban affairs is actually development from the people, with the people and for the people. In other words, the participation of citizens in decision-making, planning and all activities and urban affairs has received the attention of managers, planners, social development experts, especially in the field of urban planning and urban development. According to these materials, the aim of this research is to design a system for identifying and classifying the components of citizens' participation in urban affairs through the study and summarization of researches conducted in the field of citizen participation in urban affairs with a meta-composite approach. The current research method is qualitative and the statistical population of this research is all scientific and research articles conducted in Iran on the subject of citizens' participation in urban affairs from 2010 to the end of 1400. A total number of 32 research articles were found, and finally, after various reviews and refinements, 19 articles were selected for the final review. The findings show that work has been done in 6 categories and 48 concepts related to factors affecting citizens' participation in urban affairs. After going through several stages, a conceptual model related to this issue has been presented.

The aim of the current research is to determine the impact of social networks in creating dramatic collective behaviors in urban public spaces. The research approach in this quantitative study, the research method in terms of objective, fundamental-applied and the method of data collection, is a descriptive survey type. The statistical population of the current study includes all people over 15 years old living in Kerman. Based on random cluster sampling method, 384 people were selected and examined. In order to collect data in the field part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used with a reliability coefficient of 0. 79. He is a resident of Kerman. Also, to test the hypotheses of the research, sample t-test, Pearson correlation, and regression were used. The results obtained from the hypothesis test show It showed that the average of all items is higher than 3 (theoretical average). Also, the correlation values ​​between the research components with the amount of use of social networks are at a medium and high level. So that in today's world, no society can claim that it will be safe from the effects of this crisis. Today's religious and national identities, each in a different way, are facing some kind of crisis and inappropriate collective behavior. The highest correlation value between the amount of use of social networks and dramatic collective behaviors is in the dimension of social phobia (R=0. 518). Therefore, despite the fact that the media causes the development and strengthening of cohesion in many cases, but in the individual aspect,

Environmental defense is built in human thought and environmental education forms the main infrastructure of these defense bases. The purpose of education is to empower people to make correct decisions, change behavior and performance, increase the optimal use of sources. Therefore, promoting environmental literacy is a necessary condition and a scientific solution to deal with the increasing destruction and pollution of the environment. The purpose of this study is to understand how to develop environmental literacy of citizens of Mashhad with a qualitative approach. Two methods of documentary study and unstructured interview were used to collect data. First, a set of internal and external studies on environmental literacy was studied using the documentary study method, and then 14 interviews were conducted using purposive sampling to obtain theoretical saturation. In the extraction and coding section, 33 basic concepts were obtained in 10 sub-categories and 5 main categories (environmental literacy development tools, existence of legal and governance contexts, creation of support opportunities, development of environmental citizenship or existence of participation contexts and barriers to the development of environmental literacy). Legal contexts, support opportunities, and participation contexts became the core category of environmental literacy development requirements. In the form of two general concepts of society-based education and community-based education to increase environmental literacy of citizens, suggestions to help develop individual skills needed to solve environmental problems, empower people to participate in decision-making and evaluate various development strategies from social, political, Cultural and educational perspectives was presented.

The present study aimed to do future studies of the factors affecting emigration from Ahvaz city. The applied study employed a descriptive-analytical research method. The results indicate the identification of 34 factors affecting the situation of emigration from Ahvaz city, which were classified into five components (social-cultural; economic; environmental; physical; and political-administrative) and into five categories of factors (effective, two-way, regulatory, affected, and independent) are identifiable. Finally, by examining the influence of the 34 mentioned factors on the situation of emigration from Ahvaz city with direct and indirect methods, it was determined that socio-cultural and physical factors had the greatest impact on the future studies of emigration from Ahvaz city. As a result of the matrix analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness and affectedness plan of key factors with direct and indirect methods, among the 34 effective factors, 15 key factors (citizenship rights, individual freedom, security, respect and commitment, social justice, job opportunity and diversity, criminality in antisocial behaviors, business reliability, prosperity, and economic profitability, hope for progress, water quality, urban sewage system, proper and efficient management, health facilities, and inflation rate) play a role in the state of future studies of the factors affecting the emigration from Ahvaz city.

The street is considered the most complete example and symbol of an urban space, so it can be claimed that the street is the main real understanding of a city. In this regard, the researcher is struggling to link the views of scholars such as Jacobs, Gehl, Harvey and Soja, thus searching for theoretical expansion and relevance of the key concepts of these theorists in the context of the Iranian city. The research has used a mixed-method design with sequential exploration which was conducted in two qualitative-quantitative stages. Using sampling proportional to volume and simple random, number (302 people) were selected as the sample population. The research population of all citizens of Tehran with age criteria is 15 years and higher. To analyze the data, SPSS23, PLS3 and ArcGIS10. 8 software was used. The city of Tehran is a combination of old neighborhoods and streets and new settlements that we see together. Different social and economic, poor and rich strata live in the vicinity, and attention to this space can help highlight spatial relationships,and this is an issue that the results of the present study indicate. That is to say, from the qualitative point of view, the streets of the south of Tehran are far more unfavorable, and on the other hand, urban ethics in these districts is far more undesirable than other districts of Tehran.

The present article is derived from a research, which was conducted with the aim of investigating the sociological study of citizens' attitudes towards Afghan immigrants in the city of Shiraz. This research is a descriptive-survey type of study. The statistical population of the current research was formed by the citizens of Shiraz in 2023. The sampling method in this research was a simple random sampling method. The tool used in this research is a researcher-made questionnaire with 26 questions to evaluate the attitude of Shirazi citizens towards Afghan immigrants in Iran. The researchers in this article seek to answer this question: Is there a significant relationship between the level of literacy, ethnicity, type of religion (Shia and Sunni), economic status, citizens' sense of security and their attitude towards Afghan immigrants? The statistical results of Pearson's correlation test using spss software show that there is a significant relationship (significant correlation) between literacy level, ethnicity, type of religion (Shia and Sunni), economic status and sense of security of citizens and their attitude towards immigrants. There is an Afghani.