JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PLANNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Year:2004 | Volume:9 | Issue:4(30)|Papers Count:8

This article examines effects of Family Socio – economic status on demands for higher education in Iran. Human capital theory and micro – economic approach were selected for this study. This approach identifies effective factors in people,s decision for entering or not entering to universities and institutes of higher education. In addition, the model estimates the effects of factors such as family income, family spending, parents, educational level, family size housing space and gender on continuing their education in post- secondary institutions. Data collection was based on statistic center of Iran Data Banks during 1992-95. The results indicate that the educational level of parents, housing space and age have positive effect on demands for higher education while gender and economic status have negative effect.

In this research, cost and benefit of higher education was analyzed and internal yield rate of investment of education, (individual and social rate) has been reviewed. The results of this research indicate that individual yield rate at master level is positive, but this rate in doctoral level is negative. In addition, social yield rate of master and doctoral degrees are negative. This finding shows that the opportunity costs in these groups are very high. Although higher education particularly in master and doctoral level are considered as a kind of general goods, but they have many social advantages particularly in the developed countries.

This study examines the allocative efficiency of public budgeting for the case of state higher education institutions in Iran employing multilevel modelling technique. For the purpose of empirical analysis the differences in per standardized-student expenditures (for different educational groups) as a measure of efficiency was evaluated, using data derived from the annual budget laws for 1370-1378 period. 1) This study found that there are significant variations in per standardized-student expenditures among the institutions, which provide evidence on the fact that there is inefficiency in higher education institutions, 2) the differences are the least for art and humanities and the greatest for agriculture majors and 3) during the period a reduction in the differences has been experienced that can be interpreted as an improvement in the efficiency; However there is room for further improvement that requires initiating new policies in financing higher education.

The purpose of the study was to calculate per student expenditures. Calculation of per student expenditures is vital for short and long time planning in higher education. In this study, university of Tehran was selected as case. Capital and non capital expenditures were calculated by colleges ,departments and expenditure levels . In non-capital two models were used. The first model is based on numbor of courses and the second one is rolated to number of student. In capital per cost calculation of buildings and installaions we use 3 patterns: determining building amortization , determining building supposition rent and building rent (to call upon dwelling institutions to give information). As the result a software that can be used for calculating expenditures institutions was developed.This software can assist administrators in calculating per students expenditures and budgetting.

Centers of Excellence, along with Think-tanks which somewhat complement each other, can be regarded, in a sense, as the engines of growth in the Twenty-first century. The question that what sort of factors were responsible for these new constructs to replace the traditional research institution -first in the developed world and later in the developing countries, and the Question that how successful these new constructs have been, and what means and Factors have played a Significant role in this respects are among the questions which are of prime importance from a Scientific Methodology point of view. Critical reflection on the ways that Centers of Excellence have been organized and worked could probably provide useful models for similar institutions to be built at local levels in developing countries. The present paper describes some practical lessons for effective activities of the local Centers of Excellence through an appraisal of the main causes of the success of the internationally better known examples of such institutions.

This research has examined entrepreneurship characteristics among university graduates, particulary in the humanities. A question are was used to gather information from a selected sample of Iranian press with the purpose of evaluating practical entrepreneurial states of graduates in humanities. The results indicate correlations between training, personal skills, personal motivation, risk taking, needs for success, creativity and entrepreneurship.