JOURNAL OF RAFSANJAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND HEALTH SERVICES
Year:2020 | Volume:19 | Issue:4|Papers Count:9

Background and Objectives: Caffeine decreases the testis volume and the number of spermatogenic cells in seminiferous tubules of rat testis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of caffeine exposure during pregnancy and lactation on seminal vesicle and epididymis in rat offspring. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 21female pregnant rats were divided into control and experimental groups (two groups). The experimental groups 1 and 2 received caffeine via drinking water during pregnancy and lactation (26 and 45 mg/kg/bw, respectively). The structural changes in seminal vesicle and epididymis were studied by using histological methods on day 120 of postnatal development (n=5, selected randomly from each group). Data were statistically assessed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’ s post-hoc Test. Results: The high dose caffeine treated group decreased the epithelium height of seminal vesicle compared with the control group; however, the differences were not significant (p=0. 909). The thickness of the muscle layer of the seminal vesicles in the high dose caffeine treated group increased compared with the control group (p<0. 001). Significant decreases in epithelium height of tubules of the epididymis in the high dose caffeine treated group was observed compared with the control group (p=0. 047), and the diameter of the tubules of epididymis in the high dose caffeine treated group decreased compared with the control group (p<0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed high dose caffeine can induce histomorphological changes in the seminal vesicle and epididymis of rat.

Background and Objectives: The relationship between range of motion of joints with running time is important to achieve athletic success. The aim of this study was investigating the correlation between range of motion of joints with the time of running types in adolescent elite runner girls participating in 2018 national competitions in Ardabil city. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, subjects were 122 elite runner girls, 14-16 year, participated in the national championship of the country selection. Range of motion of joints was measured by Rydkov questionnaire. Pearson᾽ s correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation between variables. Results: There was a positive significant correlation between elbow flexion (r=0. 407, p=0. 048) and 60m hurdle running time, between hip hyperadduction (r=0. 531, p=0. 005) and 400m running time, trunk flexion (r=0. 656, p=0. 001) and 800m running time, neck extension (r=0. 646, p=0. 001) and neck lateral bending to left (r=0. 563, p=0. 006) and 3000m running time, trunk lateral bending to right (r=0. 418, p=0. 028), trunk lateral bending to left (r=0. 382, p=0. 045), shoulder abduction (r=0. 379, p=0. 047) and hip hyperextension (r=0. 398, p=0. 038) and 4×100m relay race time. Whereas, there was a negative significant correlation between ankle dorsi flexion (r=-0. 464, p=0. 022) and 60m hurdle running time, between ankle inversion (r=-0. 442, p=0. 030) and 800m running time, shoulder hyperextension (r=-0. 473, p=0. 017) and 1500m running time, and ankle eversion (r=-0. 440, p=0. 040) and 3000m running time. Conclusion: It seems that there is a significant correlation between the range of motion of joints and running time in elite runner girls. So, it is suggested that coaches pay attention to the results of this study for getting more success in reaching the peak of athletic performance.

Background and Objectives: The anatomy of maxillary molars is very complicated and root canal therapy for this specific group of teeth is a major challenge for dentists. Given the limitations of conventional techniques for finding the second mesiobuccal canal (MB-2) and anatomical differences observed in different ethnicities, this study aimed to determine the anatomy of mesiobuccal root canal in maxillary first permanent molars using CBCT (Cone-beam computed tomography) in Rafsanjan city. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 41 promax 3D CBCT radiographs of patients in Rafsanjan in 2018 were studied. To investigate the root morphology, after obtaining multiple planar reformation (MPR) images in sagittal and axial planes, evaluation was done by Vertucci classification. Data were analyzed using chi-square test or Fisher’ s exact test. Results: Of the 41 studied films, one canal was observed in mesiobuccal root in 15 (36. 6%) films and two canals in the others 26 (63. 4%) films. Among the roots containing two canals, second type of Vertucci classification was the most common type observed. It should be noted that there was no significant relationship between the number of canals and also the type of canals and gender (p=0. 495 and p=0. 583, respectively) and with quadrant of the tooth (respectively p=0. 133 and p=0. 669). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study and the amount of two-canal mesiobuccal roots, it can be said that the preparation of CBCT film before root canal therapy in maxillary first molar is necessary to verify the existence and type of MB-2 canal.

Background and Objectives: Cancer is one of the most common chronic diseases that affects the spiritual health of patients. Therefore, interventions are needed to improve the spiritual health of patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of group hope therapy on the spiritual health of cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed from December to March 2015 in Gonabad city. The study population was all cancer patients and the research environment was cancer clinic. Forty patients were selected by simple random sampling method and randomly divided into experimental (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. After completing demographic and spiritual health Paloutzian & Ellison questionnaires, Hope group therapy sessions were performed in 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week in the experimental group; but the control group received only routine care. The spiritual health questionnaire was completed again at the end of the last session. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, paired-t test and covariance analysis. Results: According to the results of the study, the two groups didn't have any significantly difference in terms of demographic variables (p>0. 05). The mean score of spiritual health after the intervention showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p<0. 001). Group hope therapy also improved the spiritual health of cancer patients in the experimental group (p=0. 012). Conclusion: Considering the findings of the study, which showed that group hope therapy affects the spiritual health of cancer patients, it is recommended to use this method in the care and treatment of cancer patients.

Background and Objectives: Sulfate is one of the chemical pollutants in water that can cause adverse health effects such as digestive and blood problems at high concentrations in humans. Conversion of sulfate to substances such as hydrogen sulfide can corrode metal pipes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of electrochemical sulfate removal using a sandwich panel carbon cloth electrode with stainless steel mesh. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study, the electrochemical process including of carbon cloth electrode was used to remove sulfate from synthetic wastewater. Stainless steel mesh base was utilized to increase the conductivity of the carbon cloth electrode. The effects of variables such as sulfate concentration, pH value, current density and contact time were investigated. The standard method of turbidity assay using barium chloride was used to determine sulfate concentration. Based on the obtained results, mean and standard deviation were determined and data analysis was done by Student t-test. Results: The obtained results indicated that the optimum conditions for sulfate removal were pH 9, 100 mg/L initial sulfate concentration, current density of 20 mA/s2 during 90 min. 93. 21% efficiency was obtained for the sulfate removal. Increasing the current density, the contact time and initial pH value, the sulfate removal efficiency increased. Conclusions: The obtained results showed that the electrochemical process including sandwich panel of carbon cloth with stainless steel electrode is an efficient and effective process for removal of sulfate from aqueous solution which can be utilized continuously due to no corrosion of carbon cloth electrode.

Background and Objectives: One aspect of quality of life is its association with health promotion. Evaluation of the need for orthodontic treatment is of particular importance and ICON (Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need) is one of the indicators to evaluate this case. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the corelation between the orthodontic treatment need and orthodontic-related of quality of life among male students aged 16-18 years in Rafsanjan city. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 1077 students selected by multistage random sampling from Rafsanjan schools in 2016. The Orthognathic Quality of Life (OQOL) questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life of students. All students examined based on ICON elements and the results were registered on ICON form. Data were analyzed using Pearson’ s correlation coefficient. Results: Quality of life mean and standard deviation was 25. 58± 10. 91 and ICON mean and standard deviation was 32. 34± 13. 55 which both had a significant inverse correlation (p<0. 001, r=-0. 24). Conclusion: The results show that different aspects of quality of life can affect the tendency to treat maxillofacial and orthodontic disorders among adolescents and orthodontic treatment has a significant effect on increasing self-esteem and thus on adolescents quality of life.

The International Association for Suicide Prevention (IASP) is a non-goverment organization dedicated to carry out scientific activities focusing on the prevention of suicidal behavior and universal efforts to achieve goals such as raising awareness of suicide behavior around the world, encouraging individuals to exchange experience, knowledge and skills around countries of the world for more effective suicide reduction efforts, promoting the idea of establishing national organizations to prevent suicide, promoting effective suicide prevention principles among professional groups and the general public, and promoting research programs, especially those that can be tracked through international cooperation. IASP was established since 1960 and more than 50 countries are members of this association. The purpose of this article is to outline the most important goals and activities of the IASP and to introduce the website of this community and how to subscribe to it, in order to help open up a new and dynamic way for researchers and those interested in suicide prevention.

Background and Objectives: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has severely disrupted medical education. Distance learning is a way to reduce this problem. The Vice Chancellor for Education of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences has tried to implement distance education as much as possible by using a program that includes perspective, strategy and operational plan. With the implementation of empowerment courses, policy making, informing, providing the necessary tools and continuous monitoring of the program, 5075 educational activities have been registered on Navid's learning management system. But there are still issues that need to be addressed: activating simultaneous online learning, increasing educational interactions, and producing SCORM-(Sharable Content Object Reference Model) based educational content.