POUYESH IN EDUCATION AND CONSULTATION
Year:2020 | Volume:5 | Issue:11|Papers Count:7

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental personality traits and optimism and communication skills of sixth grade elementary students. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population of this study included all male students of the sixth grade of elementary school in Qaen (509 people). In this study, multi-stage cluster sampling was used. Among the sixth grade students in the primary school, 200 students were randomly selected using the Karajsi and Morgan tables. Using the Schlein and Jarabak Communication Skills Questionnaire (2004), the personality traits of Neo Costa and McCra (1983) and the optimism of Shearer and Carver (1985), the necessary information was collected and multiple regression was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between parents 'personality traits, optimism and students' communication skills. In addition, all the components of parental personality traits are strong predictors of students' optimism and communication skills. Therefore, in order to promote and improve family interactions and parent-child relationships, special educational programs should be organized to prevent pessimism and its side effects in adolescents.

This study conducted to understand teaching as a cultural practice. In this regard, according to the aim, the approach of research is qualitative and descriptive analytic method is used for data analysis. The research sample is the purposive sample of available resources and the method of data collection has direct search in the sources of databases including findings from the history of studies and related articles in English sources in the Google Scholar and Science Direct database (by searching for the concepts of teaching, culture, teaching and culture, teaching as culture) and searching for articles and books Related to the subject in Persian with the same concepts. The process of analysis was first to study the concepts of culture and teaching and then to present the findings and examples related to the subject of this study in comparative studies and analysis of research background to understand the cultural effects on the concept of teaching and learning process. Findings show that the three components of communication, motivation and cognitive strategies of teacher and learner that play a major role in the teaching and learning process are not just psychological concepts and are influenced by culture, and teaching as a cultural practice can also be considered in this case, in addition to the factors affecting teaching in terms of psychological fundamentals, it is necessary to pay attention to these factors in terms of sociological and cultural origins, which will result in a broader understanding of the concept of teaching.

Shahnameh, with the help of story and illustration, has considered the cultivation of moral and social virtues. The epic of moral education and individual-society can be found in ferdowsi “ s shahnameh. One of the prominent features of Shahnameh is that in its stories it has referred to educational and moral teachings. According to the importance of this cultural resource of Iranian society, the purpose of this study was to explain the qualitative description of educational implications based on shahnameh. Content analysis was used for the research method. The field of research was the whole verses of Shahnameh which was sampled by the total number method. In this regard, first, the educational system of shahnameh was extracted based on categories in theoretical foundations of educational development and then the examples were identified. After achieving the basic themes, the organizing themes of level 2 were determined, which showed the educational principles from the aspects of belief, spiritual, moral, socio-political, scientific-educational and artistic. finally, the educational principles of shahnameh were obtained according to the basic principles of education, namely ontological ( belief dimensions ), anthropological ( moral, social-political dimensions ), epistemological knowledge ( scientific-educational dimensions ), cognitive value ( aesthetics-artistic dimensions ) and religion Cognition was obtained. The findings show that Shahnameh, monotheism and theology focus on salvation. The educational principles of Shahnameh are in several doctrinal, moral, educational, social-political and artistic-aesthetic fields and are suitable for different educational dimensions. In this regard, it is suggested that educational courses for teachers be introduced to the educational teachings of this literary work. Shahnameh should also be considered as one of the sources in compiling textbooks and curricula.

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the extent and reasons for using virtual social networks (Telegram, Instagram, WhatsApp and Twitter and other cases such as Soroush, Facebook, ETA, etc. ) by students of Shahid Beheshti Boys 'Campus and Shahid Hasheminejad Girls' Campus of Farhangian University of Mashhad. In this study, using stratified random sampling method according to the field of study, 650 of them were selected as the research sample. A questionnaire was used to collect information. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by expert and its reliability was assessed using the Cronbach's alpha (0. 75) test. The mean index was used to analyze the data. According to the findings of the study, 2. 35% of male students and 2. 19% of female students use a large amount of virtual social networks during the day. Also, students of these two campuses use the Telegram social network more than other virtual social networks, which was achieved by 61% of male students and 54% of female students.

In recent years, significant changes have been made in compilation of textbooks and their contents have been reviewed. the present study focuses on the representation of gender justice in the textbooks of the first to sixth grade science textbooks (1398-99), and the amount of attention to gender justice has been studied on the basis of equality of the number of picturess with girls and boys and also the equality of girls and boys in total picturess of primary school science books. The method of the present study is descriptive content analysis. The method of data collection was quantitative. The statistical population includes pictures with students in the mentioned books. The statistical sample is considered equal to the statistical population. The research tool is a form of descriptive content analysis of picturess. The data of the research indicate that the pictures of the mentioned books deal with the gender of girls and boys almost equally and no significant gender discrimination was observed. The results of this study are different from the results of the background; therefore, gender justice has been observed more in the six-grade experimental science textbooks in elementary school in 1398-99.

The aim of this study was to compare elementary students in multi-grade and ordinary classes in terms of social adjustment and perception of the environment. The present research is applied in terms of purpose, comparative in terms of method and post-event in terms of research design. The statistical population of the study included all students of multi-grade and ordinary classes studying in schools of Firoozabad city in the academic year of 1397-98. 300 male and female students were selected by convenience sampling method, of which 150 were in multi-grade classes and 150 of them were in ordinary classes. The instruments used in this study were the Sinha and Singh social adjustment questionnaire and the perception of class or learning environment were Fraser, Fisher and Macrobi. Reliability calculation by Cronbach's alpha method and its content validity were confirmed by experts and technicians. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of variance and independent t-test) were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups of students in multigrade and ordinary class in general scale social adjustment and dimensions of social adjustment, emotional adjustment and academic adjustment as well as perception of environment and dimensions of correlation, study and research and goal orientation. There is no significant difference between the two groups of students in multi-grade and ordinary classes in teacher support, mental conflict, cooperation, and justice and fairness. Therefore, students studying in ordinary classes were in a better position than students studying in multi-grade classes, both in terms of social adjustment and its dimensions, as well as in terms of perception of the environment and dimensions of correlation, study and research, and goal orientation.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of problem solving skills training on positive and negative educational emotions of sixth grade students. This research was semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and control group. The statistical population consisted of all the sixth graders of elementary schools in the city of Maku to the number of 1760 people in the academic year of 1389-1390. From this population, a sample of 30 people was selected by purposive sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The data collection tool in the pre-test and post-test phases was questionnaire (AEQ). The data analysis was carried out using the covariance analysis in the SPSS program. The research findings showed that the training of problem-solving skills had a significant impact on positive educational emotions by 35 % and had a rate of 54 % for negative academic (p<0/05). According to the results, it can be suggested that teaching solving skills has a significant effect on increasing positive educational emotions and decreasing negative educational emotions in sixth grade students.