JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING RESEARCHES (ACCOUNTING RESEARCH)
Year:2019 | Volume:10 | Issue:40|Papers Count:11

Business combinations make it easier to transfer information between member companies (groups) and therefore will reduce the information asymmetry. The business combination is also able to create domestic capital markets that are a safe way of financing so that they can mitigate the problem of information asymmetry and dependence on external financing. This study examines the effect of business combination on the level of cash holdings in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2007 to 2015. The Multiple linear regression was used to test research hypotheses. The results showed that no significant relationship found between the level of cash holdings in business combination companies in comparison independent firms. The results of this study also show that cash holdings in companies in diverse industries is than less diversified ones compared to other business combinations. Other findings of this study showed that there is a significant positive relationship between information asymmetry and cash holdings. Also dependence on external financial resources and the level of cash holdings has no significant relationship with each other.

One of the most important reports is internal control weaknesses report that has been prepared by the listed companies of TSE for requirements of stock exchange. Determination of affecting factors on these reports preparation is useful for investors in strengthen control environment and in formativeness. On this basis, the aim of this study is the investigation of determinants of disclosure of internal controls weakness in The firms listed in TSE. For this, the firms’ data for 4 years (2012 to 2014) about internal controls weaknesses is analyzed by unbalanced panel data analysis method. The results show that there is a significant relationship between firm size, return on assets, firm age, income or loss, financial leverage, firm risk. the number of independent board members, the number of audit committee members that are financial expert, block stockholders, governmental investors, and disclosure of internal control weakness. These results can be useful in determining how to improve transparency of developing stock market of Iran.

The aim of conducting this study is to examine the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and possibility of fraudly financial reporting by companies. This study is conducted by using a descriptive – correlation method and is an applied study. Population of this study is consisted of all companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during the time period of 2009 to 2015 and 114 companies have been studied in stock market during the time period of this study and have been. Research data were extracted from financial statements of companies and was analyzed by using logistic regression model by using panel data method. Research findings indicated that the number of board’ s members doesn’ t have a significant effect on possibility of fraudulent financial reporting; while, the role of each of corporate indicators of ratio of independent board’ s members, size of audit committee, independence of audit committee and performance of internal audit unit was found to be significant in possibility of fraudulent financial reporting. According to research findings, each of the indicators of independence of board’ s members, size of audit commitment and performance of internal audit unit have a reverse and independence of audit committee has a reverse effect on possibility of fraudulent financial reports.

The effect of firms' size and information environment are investigated in this research. In this regard, disclosure executive instruction for companies registered at SEO and market value of firms (as independent variables) and the dynamic relationship between trading volume and stock returns (as dependent variable) are considered. Therefore, data of firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) and Farabourse Stock Exchange (IFB) are collected from 2001 to 2015 and from 2010 to 2015 respectively. Vector Auto Regressive (VAR) method is employed to analyze data and examine hypotheses. The results show that returns are Granger causality for trading volume; Moreover, size and information environment affec returns-trading volume relationship. In other words, the growth of firms' size and information transparency improvement strengthen the relationship between returns and trading volume.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between real earning management and stock abnormal returns of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, real earning management using the methods of abnormal reduction in general, administrative and selling costs, abnormal increasing in non-operational profit from the sale of fixed assets and overproduction have been considered as independent variables and stock abnormal returns has been considered as dependent variable. Geographic scope of the study is the companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2004 to 2014. Multiple regression method was used in the study to test the hypotheses. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the real earning management using the abovementioned methods and stock abnormal returns.

Accounting earnings includes cash and accrual components. Accrual components can be classified as discretionary accruals and non-discretionary accruals. Dominant literature in earnings management field known discretionary accruals as opportunistic; a feature that weakens earnings Informativeness. Yet, managers can also use discretionary accruals to signal unattainable private information to outsiders; thus, they allow outsiders to assess firm’ s future economic value better. Since the reliability of financial statements, including earnings, depends to a large extent on the quality of performed audit, therefore, understanding how market will consider audit quality at the time of earnings and its components valuation is of great importance. For this purpose, and using the data from 125 listed firms in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2011 to 2015 and panel data model, this study attempted to investigate the impact of audit quality on capital market’ s valuation of earnings and its components. The results showed that net profit and the amount of discretionary accruals directly and significantly affect stock returns; total amount of accruals has a negative reverse impact on stock returns; operating cash flow and the amount of non-discretionary accruals have no impact on stock returns; audit quality mitigates the direct relationship between net profit and stock returns; and audit quality does not affect the relationship between total accruals, discretionary and non-discretionary accruals, and operating cash flow with stock returns.

Audit Committee is one of corporate governance that there are very little evidence about the role and characteristics in evaluating business unit performance. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between audit committee characteristics and performance metrics. Accordingly, information of the 91 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during 1391-1393 have crosssectional. The results indicated that there is a significant negative relationship between the independence and expertise of accounting, audit committee members with performance metrics including return on assets, return on equity and Tobin's Q ratio.

This study has been done to identify factors affecting the mental accounting. The research population have formed faculty and students and capital market participants in Ardabil province. The number of population and samples were respectively 196 and 130. Delphi technique and Kendal Coefficient is used to analysis and for identifying the factors confirmatory factor analysis is used. Results showed that Anchoring and Adjustment, Availability bias (Accessibility), Confirmation Bias, Projection bias, Halo Effect, Market sentiment, Optimism Bias, Regret Theory, Disposition Effect, Pessimism Effect, Narrow Framing, Illusion of Control, Representativeness, Self-Deception, were factors affecting the mental accounting.

In decision making model for herding behavior, investors in TSE tend to suppress their private information and mimic the actions of other investors, rather than use quantitative techniques to assess stock value and make investment choices. These decisions lead to the influx of investors to trade the stock and fluctuation in prices that causes inefficiency, instability and fragility of the market. On the other hand intangible information, which is often obtained from the unofficial sources, causes information asymmetry in the capital market. This information will primarily create advantages for some investors; however, over time, with the release of intangible information and turning it from underhand information to revealed information, the value and power of this information advantage will be reduced. In this study, the effect of intangible information on herding behavior of institutional investors has been studied in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2010 to 2014. In this regard, the effect of intangible information on herding behavior of institutional investors was analyzed. The results indicate that, confirming the impact of intangible information on herding behavior of institutional investors.

In this article, based on the level of levy in the country during 1379 to 1390 was attempted to divide the country into three regions, called them developed, less developed and underdeveloped each of these areas, include provinces, which are selected according to available data, there has thus developed region includes nine provinces, less developed and underdeveloped regions, each consisting of six provinces, and the other provinces have been removed. Also, using panel data to identify the factors affecting the tax capacity of the various provinces and it was found that the value added of industry and mines of GDP, the share of value added services sector in GDP, Per capita income and the investment are meaningful variables. At last by using maximum calculated taxation through curved Lafer general form and compare it with the actual capacity of each province's tax The amount of any State tax gap has been calculated that in order for a developed region is 41%, The less developed regions and underdeveloped region which is 47%, The results of this study suggest that the tax gap is present in all regions and provinces, and even increased. Therefore, it is proposed to compensate for the: A – tax Culture. B-General tax plan and instruction on-the-job. C-Correction of rules and tax circular and D-other essential preparation and important enterprises will do.

This paper examines the monitoring role of small audit firms on earnings management. Specifically, examine the relationship between earnings manipulations and the use of small audit firms. This paper, By investigating a specific group of audit firms that are the smallest in the audit market, to analaysis whether there is a meaningful relationship between small audit firm and earning management or not? For answering to this question, we alkalize one hundered and five accepted company in Tehran stock for period of 2009 to 2013 in this research earning management variable with use of adjusted Jones model and small audit firms with categorizing at stock companies, our finding comes from testing hypothesis, conform relationship between small audit firms and earning management.