MASHREQ-E MOUOOD
Year:2009 | Volume:3 | Issue:9|Papers Count:11

In the words of the innocent and pure Imams, there are clear reasoning that the God had sent down Messengers and Imams for guiding the people. In this way, the obligation of guidance from the part of the God is completed (finished) to his servants. For example, the first citation from the book of ' Al Hojja: Ussul e Kaafi' indicates the four issue of existence of obligation, the specifications of obligation, the necessity of continuance of existence of obligation (even in the era of Khatamiat or final prophet), and the way to identify such an obligation. Reviewing and analysis of this citation indicates that the rational precepts also approve of the necessity of Imamat and its continuance. These precepts are reviewed briefly in this passage.

The continuity of Christianity as a living religion in the world depends on the belief in Messiah in all its manifestations. One of the essential manifestations of the belief is wonderful return and appearance of Messiah at the end of history. This is one of the beliefs in the majority of Christian society.When believing the messiah is prized by living through him and returning to this world with him and living forever in the holy heavens beside him, a faithful Christian is doubtlessly awaiting his return to live with him in the Godly heavens.The New Testament, as the Christian belief manifesto, clarifies this return state for the Christians.This precept is reflected well in the older part of the Testament like the first and the second letter of Pulos to Tsalonikians. In this article, we set to discuss this issue considering some relevant Ayahs and understand its deity value in this way. It should be noted that the Resurrection of the dead, Final Judgment, and the end of history are relevant issues that will be researched because of their strong links with the Return of the Messiah.

Human is a social creature that lives in conjunction with the society, both receiving and having effect on the society around him. The relationships in the society are the point of departure for human interaction with the society. In the Islamic Citations, the era before the final Appearance of Imam Mahdi, these social interactions have got infected with tension and disjunction and the social life of humans is challenged. The disjunction in the social life, the failures in humanistic emotions, preponderance of social perversions, and introduction of inhumane motives in the social life is the appearance of human society at that age. In the age of Appearance of the Imam of the Time, the illuminant facade of the social interactions is formed in a way that serves interest of both this world and Hereafter. The social cohesion would get shaped and humanistic emotions would get boosted. The motives become humanistic and godly and social perversions are challenged.

Obaidollah Mahdi, the founder of Fatemi government used two categories in the beginning of his propaganda. He related himself to the household of the prophet Mohammad on the one hand and named himself as the promised Mahdi on the other hand. Therefore, the beginning of the activities of Obaidollah was marked with these two claims and ultimately led to the shaping of Fatemi government. The people of the Western [territories] were set ready by Aboabdallah Shii’ for Appearance of false Mahdi Obaidollah, so they accepted the claim of Obaidollah to be Mahdi and accompanied him and shaped Fatemi government.So, the effect of Mahdism in shaping the Fatemi government is clear. In these writing, different aspects of the influence of Mahdism thought on shaping the government of Fatemi government is surveyed.

The issue of the existence of the twelfth Imam of the Imami Shi' as had always been historically debated. These days, individuals like Ahmad Al Katib deny his existence and consider the issue of his four representatives as a forged issue. This article attempts to reply to these debates.It has been attempted in the following to review the post of representation in the era of Short Absence by identifying Imam's representatives and the quality of their activities through which the existence of Imam of the Time referring to the historical methods rather than to the Rhetoric and the Hadith. Firstly, the author is looking to find historical evidence in the Shiite old literature regarding the post of representation in the Short Absence era I a way that its existence can be proved. Then, providing proof of existence for this post in the old Shi' a literature, consider the historical truths about it and putting these together, thereby attempting to provide proof of his existence through this post.

One of the comprehensive books written recently to critique Shi' a beliefs is the book named ' Usulu Madhabal-Shia-al-Imamiyya-al-Ithna Ashariyya' (Principles of the Faith of Shiites of twelve Imams) by Dr. Nasser Al-Qefari. In this book, all Shi' a beliefs, including Mahdism has been attacked. We attempted to respond to the Mahdism thought in a series of articles. In the second section, ten … of are cited about the mother of Mahdi and quality of his birth.

One of the reasons for proving the birth and existence of the revered ' Hojjate-ebn-al-hasanal-askari' (Mahdi) is the Hadiths (Prophet Words) cited repeatedly by both Shi' a and Sunni and in that prophet reiterated the number of his successors as twelve. These Hadiths are named 12-Imam or Calife Hadiths for brevity. In some Hadiths by Sunnis and Shi' as, the attributes and qualities of these successors are also described in addition to their number.Of the noteworthy points in these citations is the introduction of the end of these twelve successors and the news of his occultation. In them, the father and the ancestor of this person is clarified. These Hadiths indicate the birth and existence of the revered Hojjat in two ways: firstly in general, by reasoning about the figure of twelve and its agreement among both Shi' a and Sunni. Then, by text, where reasoning is made about the attributes and qualities [of the Mahdi], as cited in the religious citations, about the twelfth Imam, who is alive.Ahmad Katib, the author of the book ' al- Imamal-Mahdi: Haghigha Tarikhia am Farziata Falsafia' publishe in 2007 (Imam Mahdi: The Historical Truth or Philosophical Hypothesis) who attempts to deny the existence of Twelfth Imam, raises ambiguities about the Hadiths of twelve Imam in pages 127-133 of his book. Summarily, he holds that these beliefs and Hadiths are fake and were forged in the 4th century (of Hejira Calendar) so they are not valid references.In this issue, the alst section of his claims in this regard is cited and critiques.Summary of the Ambiguities: Sheikh Mofid has enfeebled the book of Salim The doubts of Zeidiya about the Hadiths about Twelve Imams.The Hadiths about Twelve Imams does not stipulate the existence of the son of Imam Hassan- el Askari.Summary of replies [to the above Ambiguities]: There is a wrong inference from Sheikh Mofid' s words: he warns common people, not enfeeblement of expression Sheikh Saduq has replied all the doubts of Zeidiyyeh, but the author haven' t mentioned them The Hadiths about Twelve Imams stipulate in two manners: one to the generals and the other to the text.