ENVIRONMENTAL BASED TERRITORIAL PLANNING (AMAYESH)
Year:2021 | Volume:13 | Issue:51|Papers Count:10

Land-use can be considered as a combination of physical, social, cultural, economic, and informational concept of every country. In fact, the land-use maps include ways for using land for human’ s different needs. Since warning land-use maps and their updates are as the most important goal in the management of lands, the use of remote sensing technology is the best way to extract the user's maps. The present study aims to employ HDR sensor with digital processing SPOT satellite images related to 2005 and satellite image obtained from the sensor of AVNIR, AlOS for 2011 to extract land use maps based on object-based image analysis approach. Accordingly, in the pre-processing step was spent on the image and in the processing phase after the detection of images, they were classified using object based advanced method. For the classification the function (the nearest neighborhood) and algorithms (hierarchical classification) were used. The method of image processing was object-based which was performed using spatial and spectral algorithms in knowledge-based manner at e-cognition software. In the next step, the validation step was performed and the accuracy of classification for 2005 was calculated to be 84 percent and for the year 2011 it was assessed to be about 81 percent. The results of this research are important for decision makers in this area for the task of regional planning and monitoring.

Public spaces should be designed in a way to allow the presence of women alongside men without any personal concerns and social limitations. Our intention with of the present study is to show how urban activities and urban design context may lead to positive effects on the women’ s satisfaction in the district 22 of Tehran municipality. Moreover, the level of masculinity or femininity in the public spaces has been studied and the gender equality has been analyzed from the women’ s view. This is a practical research method with a critical approach. The required data have been obtained through questionnaires and interviews. The computation has been done using the SPSS software. The results of the study shows that in women’ s’ views, women are more likely to be present in the commercial urban spaces and after the public spaces in the religious characteristic, sports public spaces, parks and other recreational spaces and cultural centers respectively. Accordingly, the more accessibility, safety and pastime a public space possesses, the more females’ desire to use it. Hence, with regard to our study it should be mentioned that commercial urban spaces have the highest gender equality compared with religious, sports recreational spaces and cultural public spaces.

Mehr housing scheme in 1386 as one of the key policies of the government was used for the development of construction and housing. Mehr housing scheme with the main feature of the reduction of housing prices and the largest national project in the sphere of housing is based on the constitution and the government's plan to provide housing for helping the target groups (low and middle income deciles). Despite the 10-year age of the Mehr housing project, the purposes for which it was intended, i. e., housing and challenging are the issues that have not been created in the project. The Mehr housing project has been the largest national housing due to its expansion and the new projects need to review the results of this experience too. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the satisfaction of residents of housing complexes of Nourabad in terms of access, quality of housing in the neighborhoods, strength and beauty, the noise level and the populated areas, as well as the basic facilities. The research method in the present study is descriptive-analytical and the necessary data were collected using documentary and scrolling through the distribution of questionnaires and interviews. The study population and sampling was restricted to the Nourabad housing residents due to the limitations of randomly selected samples. Of the 255 households residing in the city, 180 households have been questioned. The data analysis was performed using the SMART-PLS and SPSS software. The results showed that the satisfaction of the residents of housing in terms of access and the strength and beauty were at the average level of satisfaction while the quality of the neighborhood and the basic facilities were lower than the intermediate level. Also, there was a direct and positive correlation between the satisfaction of housing and its components.

In most cities, the lack of adequate allocation of space and optimal location of service and physical elements of the city, especially hospitals and the number of factors affecting the location of these centers, has led to an increasing number of urban problems and citizens. Therefore, this has made the need to use effective methods and computer systems in the optimal location of these centers more than ever. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of the hospital and to determine the areas deprived of these services in Semnan according to the standards and criteria of hospital location. In this research, the spatial data were prepared using digital and linear maps and descriptive data were collected using statistics and field research which then connected to a database. Then, for each of the influential factors in locating the hospital, the related layers such as land compatibility, proximity to the center of areas, population, access to first-class communication networks, designing criteria, per capita and standards, and access radius were prepared, also in each layer the use restriction was specified through imposing the mentioned layers based on specific patterns and criteria; then it was analyzed and studied. After that, based on the studies and opinions of related experts, the effective factors in determining health centers were selected and using a hierarchical analysis process in pairs, both were compared and the weight of each was calculated. Finally, they were analyzed in GIS environment. At the same time, the findings of this analysis showed that the current need for health centers in Semnan, according to urban per capita, is at least 3 hospitals and the GIS was used to remove this shortage.

In Iran urbanization is progressing with a rapid pace. The main reasons of the presence of migrants in the city of Zabol-as the largest city in the province of Sistan-were solving their life problems, escaping from economic bottlenecks and their lack of service, and this matter has brought numerous problems in various fields to citizens. The main purpose of this research in this trend is to study some of the challenges derived from current trend in the suburban areas of Zabol. Due to the importance of this issue, the methodology of this research from the perspective of goal is practical, and from the perspective of the method is descriptive analysis survey-based. The population of this research were the citizens of Zabol; and the sample which was determined using Cochran formula included 383 people. The data analysis was performed using the SPSS, Expert Choice and Excel software. The findings of the study revealed that the quality of life of citizens has been reduced after rural-urban migration. Considering the positive T value in all indicators, it can be inferred that the average value of indicators is more than the value and also the level of challenge in the indicators is high to very high. Also in all components, the perspective of men and women toward the challenges were different. The highest percentage of correlation (Sig = 0. 555) was seen in the components of behavioral changes and lifestyle and employment restrictions at 95% level of significance. It is suggested to plan to remove the major challenges existing in the city, and create an institution to organize immigration flows, to reduce these challenges.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the requirements of smart urban growth in Tuyserkan. Building a smart city is emerging as a strategy to reduce the problems posed by increasing urban population, uneven growth and physical disruption. Smart governance, energy, construction, transportation, infrastructure, technology, healthcare and citizen form the basis of an integrated framework that can be used to examine how a smart city initiates and strategies work. The components of smart urban growth affect the social, economic and physical conditions of Tuyserkan and provide the means to reduce urban costs, improve environmental conditions and save citizens’ time. The method used in this research is descriptive-survey and the sample size using Cochran's formula is 381 people who were randomly selected from among the citizens and experts using cluster sampling. The findings of the present study were analyzed using the SPSS software. The results showed that Tuyserkan is not ready to establish smart urban growth, and despite the poor condition of urban smart growth infrastructure in the city, none of the smart urban growth processes in the city is in a good condition. Among the infrastructures of smart urban growth, electronic services with a rank of (1. 92) are in a more unfavorable situation and the variables of environment and green space (2. 99), quality of life (2. 65), mixed uses (2. 25), pedestrian (2. 24) and socio-economic (1. 99) are in a more favorite position than other infrastructures as far as the ranking is considered.

Urban optimal governance is a continuous process of matching and aligning the opposite interests of individuals and groups. This process involves both formal and informal institutions as well as the social capital of citizens. Social capital, which is one of the most desirable urban governance factors, is the right land for achieving a good urban management and direction in order to achieve a unified and secure life. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of social capital in the desirability of urban governance and to examine the relationship between two variables in the city of Ardabil, and thereby finding an appropriate solution for achieving desirable urban governance. This research is a type of applied research using a set of descriptive-analytic, correlation and causal methods. A questionnaire was used to collect information from 383 sample members selected by Cochran's method. The data were collected using a questionnaire. The reliability of this study was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha to be 0. 845. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS, EXCEL and Lisrel statistical tests. . The results from the research indicated that there is a significant and positive relationship between good urban governance and social capital with a significant level of 0 and a correlation coefficient of 0. 2622, as these two variables act in a complementary way. Also, according to the results of Chi-square test, there are significant differences between the four areas of Ardabil regarding the variables of social capital and governance, so that the highest mean of these two variables is estimated in the district 2 of Ardebil.

Land and housing prices are subject to various factors and conditions. Therefore, prices are different in different times and places. In other words, at the level of a city, land and housing prices are different from one region to another based on local and socio-economic characteristics. The change in prices is one of the most visible economic reflections of intervention in physical tissue of the cities. Public transport is one of the essential services of today’ s cities and ensuring that it is delivered efficiently and effectively is one of the priorities of many cities. The purpose of the present research is to study the effect of expansion of public transport on housing price using Hedonic model in the neighborhoods of Kasra, 22 Bahman and Towns of Maskan and Moallem in Kermanshah. This research is applied in which correlation method and Hedonic function were used. The effects of independent variable and dependent variables were evaluated using field studies. Thirteen variables were used of which physical condition, situation and access can be mentioned. Eviews and SPSS software were used to analyze the data and estimate the model. The obtained results showed that the coefficients of all the understudy variables were statistically meaningful. Since the p-value for all variables was less than 0. 05, so there is a meaningful relationship between the price of residential units and the studied variables.

During any decision including planning, management, evaluation and control, if we are seeking for a favorable condition, we should take steps through making a visionary and rational equilibrium between areas in terms of acquiring facilities and services. The first step alongside this movement is to recognize the current condition and facilities and its restrictions. The method and the approach used in this descriptive-analyzing research are practical. The required data were gathered using the statistics from the statistical book of Hamedan province in 1390 and 11 indicators were used to evaluate cities of the province in terms of acquiring health-treatment services. The data analysis was done using the Shannon Entropy technique, TOPSIS (FTOPSIS), as well as Excel and SPSS software. In order to draw maps, the Arc GIS software has been used. The obtained results indicated that the distribution of health indicators all over the Hamedan province is uneven and polar, and there is no rational connection between the population and the level of health development, so that the city of Hamedan, which is the administrative and political center of the province, is the most developed city and other cities of the province are in high, low, medium and deprived states. The results of the research reveals the necessity for a justice-based vision in planning and struggling for creating a more optimal spatial distribution of these services and indicators in the Hamedan province more than ever before.

The necessity of urban public spaces is undeniable as one of the main pillars of sustainable development in everyday life. Nevertheless, we are witnessing the lack of attention paid to urban planning and design criteria in urban development projects. In the meantime, the park is one of the spheres that provides lodging for community visits, spending leisure time, citizens’ participation, and improving the city's social life. According to the present study which was carried out in the family park of Mahabad in 2018, using descriptive-analytical method and data gathering through a survey method, the stability of the understudy space based on indicators such as sustainability of the space, as well as the measurement was investigated. The most important factors affecting the promotion of sustainability in this space have been discussed. Measurement done by Cronbach's alpha test, reliability of the questionnaire, and the results of KMO and Bartlet tests confirmed the adequacy of the sample size as well as the internal and structural validity of the questionnaire. The results of statistical analysis indicate the unstable condition of space in all of the studied components (except in the components of socialization). Also, the results of structural equation modeling using PLS software showed that components related to comfort and mental image, which refer to comfort, tranquility, and physical and psychological security of space users, have the greatest impact on sustainability improvement in the understudy space. Therefore, in order to organize and strengthen the space, these categories of components will be prioritized and implemented.