In order to investigate effective morpho-physiological traits related to salinity resistance, and their relationship with grain yield as well as study of salinity tolerance and susceptibility indices in 169 barley recombinant inbred lines, a population of barley derived from a cross between Arigashar and Igri, this experiments were carried out using alpha lattice design with two replications during years 2011 to 2013 in Birjand station under non-stress and salinity stress conditions (ECwater=10ds/m and ECsoil=12ds/m). During cropping seasons, lines were evaluated for morpho-physiological traits, day to heading, day to maturity, spike length, peduncle length, plant height, leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), flag leaf Na+and K+content and K+/Na+, flag leaf length, width and area, grains in spike, thousand kernel weight (TKW), biological yield (BY), grain yield (YLD), harvest index (HI) and salinity tolerance and susceptibility indices. Combined analysis of variance of studied traits in two conditions revealed significant difference among years, genotype and genotype × years interaction. Under salinity stress conditions, biological yield, grains in spike, harvest index, flag leaf Na+content and K+/Na+and thousand kernel weight (TKW) and under non-stress conditions, biological yield, harvest index and flag leaf area have high association with grain yield. With regard to grain yield under salinity and non-stress conditions (Ys and Yp) and tolerance and susceptibility indices (SSI, TOL, MP, GMP, STI and Harm), liens were grouped in four classes, including: a) semi-high-yielding and salinity tolerance, b) low-yielding and salinity susceptibility, c) high-yielding and salinity susceptibility, and d) high-yielding and salinity tolerance. GMP and STI indices had the highest correlation with grain yield under stress and non-stress conditions, and selected as the best salinity tolerance indices.