Archives of Rehabilitation (Journal of Rehabilitation)
Year:2010 | Volume:10 | Issue:4 (40)|Papers Count:10

Objective: The aim of this study was to measure of cardiac rehabilitation program (Endurance & Resistance training) effect on physical functioning as well as its exact effect on lipid profile and fasting blood sugar of cardiovascular patients. Materials & Methods: In this quasi experimental and interventional study 20 patients who arrived to phase II cardiac rehabilitation after their first cardiovascular accident were selected conveniently and participated in this prospective study. Anthropometrics' measurements, FBS and blood lipid, 6–MWT were performed at the beginning and at the end of 8 weeks program (3 days per week for 24 sessions). Data were analyzed by Paired T test. Results: Except for low–density lipoprotein (LDL) (P=0.087) and FBS (P=0.072), all other biochemical indices [total cholesterol (TC) (P=0.019), high–density lipoprotein (HDL) (P=0.019), and triglyceride (TG) (P=0.009)], functional capacity (6MWT) (P<0.001) and measurement of rate pressure product with Borg scale (P=0.008), and also obesity indices including weight (P=0.031) and subcutaneus fat (P=0.017) had significant response to cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP). Conclusion: These results support the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation program such as endurance and resistance training to reduce overall risk in obese patients with coronary heart disease, and increase physical capacity.

Objective: Hearing impairment is the most common disability in birth. Many hearing impaired people suffer from language impairment such as metaphor comprehension. The purpose of this study is comparison of comprehension of metaphoric expressions in normal students with hearing impaired of junior high school sever.Materials & Methods: In this descriptive–analytic and comparative research, fifty hearing students and twenty five hearing impaired students were selected in a simple random sampling from normal and exceptional schools. Two researchers- made tasks have been used. At first the content validity and then with test re test reliability of non metaphoric words (r=0. 724) and metaphoric expression comprehension task were determined. Then task of non metaphoric words was performed. If the subjects answered more than 75 percent of words correctly and they had all of inclusion criteria, task of metaphoric expression comprehension task was performed. Data were analyzed by statistical test such as independent sample T test and one way ANOVA. Results: There was significant difference in score of comprehension of metaphoric expressions between two groups (P<0. 001). The most number of incorrect answers of hearing impaired students were literal. In both groups, there was no significant difference in mean score of comprehension of metaphoric expressions between three grades of junior high school. Conclusion: Hearing impaired students had no development in comprehension of metaphoric expressions in first, second and third grade of junior high school and they understand metaphoric expressions literally according to their incorrect answers. They need especial training because of their significant different with hearing students.

Objective: The purpose of this research was to study the effect of mild and moderate visual and auditory impairment on activities of daily living (ADL) and Balance in the elderly people. Materials & Methods: In this analytical and comparative research, thirty six elderly persons were selected simply and conveniently among 370 men and women whom were residing in 6 sanitariums in the north of Tehran. At the end, Snellen visual chart & Audiometer were used to measure visual acuity & auditory intensity. Samples were taken in 4 groups: 1- with visual impairment 2- with auditory impairment 3- with combined visual & auditory impairment 4- without any sensory impairment. Finally Berg balance scale and physical self maintenance scale as an ADL scale were used in 4 groups. Results: Relative risk in ADL for visual impairment was 2.46, for auditory impairment was 1.5 and for combined visual and auditory impairment were 2.85. Auditory impairment didn't have any effect on balance and falling. However even mild visual impairment was an effective factor on balance (P<0.001). Contemporary auditory and visual impairment was an effective factor on balance (P<0.001). Conclusion: Even mild and moderate auditory impairment can cause disability in the basic ADL. If mild and moderate auditory impairment exist simultaneously with visual impairment, the person had balance disability. Auditory impairment didn't have any effect on balance.

Objective: The aim of this research was to compare the body image between disabled athletes with disabled and non-disabled non- athletes. Materials & Methods: In this cross sectional and comparative study, fifty disabled athletes from the handicapped sports club, fifty disabled non athletes from Kahrizak disabled rest house and fifty non athlete healthy persons from governmental administrations were selected randomly by classified clustered method and their body image were compared. Data collection tools included a personal information questionnaire and a physical self description questionnaire (PSDQ) which included 11 sub-scales such as power, endurance, coordination, general health, flexibility, self-esteem, athletic competence, fat, body appearance, body activity and the global physical. The statistical procedures used in this study comprised one way ANOVA and the Newman-keuls test. Results: Body image of disabled athletes in the sub-scales of power, endurance, coordination, flexibility, self-esteem, athletic competence, body activity were higher than disabled and non-disabled individuals who were not athletes (P£0.001). In addition the sub-scales of the body fat (P=0.012), body appearance (P=0.002) and general health (P=0.001), the results showed that a higher significance for the disabled athletes, however, there wasn’t significant difference for the non-disabled athletes. Conclusion: Thus the result showed that the attitude of the disabled and non-disabled individual in due to their continuous physical activity in that the disabled athletes have got better body images as compared to the disabled and non-disabled individual who have not physical activity.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the abdominal muscles thickness change at alteration in seated stability between healthy and non–specific chronic low back pain male subjects. Materials & Methods: In this case–control study, twenty non–specific chronic low back pain male patients whom had refered to physiotherapy clinics of university of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences and twenty healthy men were selected conveniently and simply. The thickness of Transverse Abdominis, Internal Oblique, External Oblique and Rectus Abdominis muscles of right side were measured with B mode ultrasonography (7. 5 MHz linear head) in supine lying (Position 1), relaxed sitting on a chair (Position 2) , relaxed sitting on a gym ball (Position 3) and sitting on a gym ball lifting the left foot off the floor (Position 4). Measurement were taken at the end of both inspiration and expiration. Data were analyzied by Paired T and Independent T tests. Results: Transverse Abdominis and Internal Oblique at all of position and Rectus Abdominis only at position 4 were thicker at the end of expiration in both healthy and patient groups (P<0.001). At the both status of inspiration and expirtion, there were significant differences in both groups in thickness change of Transvers Abdominis, Internal Oblique and Rectus Abdominis muscles between position 3 in comparison with position 2,position 4 with position 2 and position 4 with position 3 (P<0.001). Also there were significan differences in thickness change of External Oblique muscle between position 4 with position 2 and position 4 with position 3 in both groups (P<0.001). There were smaller increase in thickness of Transvers Abdominis in patients than healthy group (P<0.001) and smaller increase in thickness of Rectus Abdominis in healthy men than patient group (P=0.01). Conclusion: Abdominal muscles respond to postural changes and these muscles are automatically targeted by decreasing the seated stability. In non–specific chronic low back pain patients, activity of Transvers Abdominis was decreased and activity of Rectus Abdominis was increased.

Objective: By mentioning this fact that the athletes have to be multi-tasking in the field in spite of injury, it seems vital to investigate the attentional demands of walking in these subjects. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional and case-control study, sixteen functionally unstable ankle athletes and sixteen healthy matched athletes were selected conveniently. The three factors mixed, dual task study was conducted using Motion Analysis System. Stride time and length, step time, length and width, stance and swing time and also cadence were measured while subjects experiencing 2 walking task difficulties (speed: 2.1 and 3.6 Km/h barefoot walking on a treadmill) and 2 cognitive loadings (with and without backward counting). Data were analyzed by statistical tests such as: Chi-Square, 3-way mixed ANOVA and Independent T-test. Results: 2×2×2 (2 groups, 2walking task difficulties and 2 cognitive loadings) mixed ANOVA showed significant group×condition interaction for stride length. Patients had significantly more increase in stride length without cognitive task than healthy subjects (P=0.03). Also the simple main effect of cadence was significant in the group with functional ankle instability (P=0.049). Conclusion: It seems that FAI is associated with increased attentional demands to dynamic postural control (Walking). Cognitive loading may be considered in any exercise program for FAI patients as an effective strategy.

Objective: The aims of this study were to develop a culturally adapted version of the Fatigue Severity Scale in Persian (FSS–P) and to evaluate the reliability of the FSS–P in a sample of Iranians with Multiple Sclerosis. Materials & Methods: In this non experimental and descriptive study which was done methodologically by validity testing method, “fatigue severity scale–Persian version” was developed following a forward – backward translation procedure and cultural adaptation based on guidelines. A sample of 20 patients with Multiple Sclerosis was selected conveniently. The participants were recruited from Sina rehabilitation clinic in Tehran between 2001 to 2007. The participants were asked to answer FSS item and VAS. The FSS and VAS were read ministered 3 weeks after the first visit. Test–retest reliability and internal consistency were assessed, using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha, respectively.Results: All the participants found the FSS–P item to be clear and unambiguous in a pilot testing. The ICC was reported 0.93 for the total score that showed high repeatability of (FSS) and the Cronbach’s alpha was reported 0.96. Conclusion: The Persian version of Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) is a culturally adapted and reliable instrument to assess fatigue in Iranian persons with Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: To evaluate some speech and language features of children born after assisted reproductive techniques (ART). Materials & Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study, fifty children between 0– 49 months were selected simply and conveniently by consecutive method and evaluated via interview with their parents and clinical observation, by a speech and language pathologist. A questionnaire was completed after parent interview. The ELM–2 (Early Language Milestone Scale–2), MLU (Mean Length Utterance) test and POSP (Paediatric Oral Skill Pakage) were employed. Data were analyzed by Independent T Test, Mann–Whitney Test, Chi Square and Kolmogorov Smirnov Test. Results: 33 children (66%) were born through intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and the reminder through invitro fertilization (IVF) or intrauterine insemination (IUI). Mean Length Utterance (MLU) was 3.3 words. 8% of these children had some structural anomalies in speech organs and 6% of them showed speech organs dysfunction. There was no gender priority in MLU (P=0.069), cooing (P=0.125), number of words (P=0.079) and structure and function of speech organs (P=0.327). There was significant difference between boys and girls in lalling (P=0.026). Conclusion: Speech and language of children born after assisted reproductive techniques (ART) are normal but more comprehensive studies are needed.