JOURNAL OF RAFSANJAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND HEALTH SERVICES
Year:2018 | Volume:17 | Issue:8|Papers Count:11

Background and Objectives: Increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) leads to reduced comfort and learning disruption. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the concentration of CO2 in classrooms of Babol and Gonabad cities and its relationship with classroom ventilation and temperature. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was randomly carried out in spring of 2018 in 6 high schools and 28 classrooms of Babol in the north of Iran and 28 educational classes in Gonabad University of Medical Sciences in the east of Iran. A CO2 meter was used to measure CO2. In order to determine the physical parameters affecting CO2 concentration, information of a checklist was used. Data were analyzed by statistical tests such as Chi-square, ANOVA and t-test. Results: In the present study, there was a significant correlation between CO2 and ventilation type (p = 0. 021) and heating system in Babol schools (p = 0. 025). There was a significant relationship between CO2 concentration in school and university classes (p=0. 001) in Babol and Gonabad. Conclusion: The present study showed that CO2 concentration was high in most classes and it was related to the type of ventilation and heating and cooling systems.

Background and Objectives: Quality of life is an important indicator in investigating the outcomes after stroke and hydrotherapyis is one of the curative methods of this illness. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6 weeks of aquatic training on quality of life in patients with stroke in Rafsanjan in 2017. Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial (RCT) with pre-test and post-test design. 36 available male patients with chronic ischemic stroke were randomly divided into 3 equal groups of 12 subjects including two groups of training (shallow and deep) and one control group. Interventional groups had the aquatic exercise therapy program that included 6 weeks (3 sessions of exercises per week) and the control group did not experience any aquatic exercise. All participants’ quality of life was evaluated by SF-36 questionnaire in two stages, before and after intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The findings showed that the mean of age, height, weight and body mass index, as well as the frequency distribution of educational level were not statistically significant across the three groups (p>0. 05). The results also showed that the intervention groups (shallow and deep) had a significant increase in all dimensions of quality of life, except for two subscales of physical and emotional limitations (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The results showed that aquatic training has a positive effect on different aspects of quality of life and can be considered as a safe and effective method to improve the quality of life in patients with chronic ischemic stroke.

Background and Objectives: Drug nanocarriers have usually optimized features which facilitate cellular uptake and increase drug efficacy, prevent drug degradation against enzymatic factors and decrease drug complications by targeted drug delivery to cancer cell. This study aimed to determine the anti-cancer nature of the synthesized magnetic Chitosan-hydroxyurea nanodrug on HeLa cell line, cervical cancer, and to determine the effective dose of the nanoparticle in order to remove cancerous cells. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study, after analyzing the structure of synthesized magnetic nanoparticles and culture of HeLa cell line, cells were incubated with different concentrations of nanodrug for 48 h. MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) method was used in order to evaluate the vital activity of the cells. For analyzing induction of apoptosis, the Annexin-PI kit was used by flowcytometry. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and independent t-test. Results: The viability of the cells decreased in a dose dependent manner by increasing the concentration of nano-drug hydroxyurea. So, at the concentrations of 1000 (p<0. 001) and 2000 (p<0. 05) μ g/ml, a significant difference was observed compared to the control group. The results also demonstrated that the nanodrug significantly increased apoptosis induction 2. 48 times in the treated HeLa cells in comparison with the control group (p=0. 0003). Conclusion: Hydroxyurea nanodrug has a cytotoxic enhancement effect on the Hela cancer cell line and can induce apoptosis.

Background and Objectives: Physical activity plays a useful role in maintaining and improving the quality of life of men suffering from prostate cancer. The presence of tumor suppressor proteins including P53 is one of the regulatory mechanisms in controlling the progression of the disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight-week concurrent training on aerobic capacity and serum levels of P53 tumor suppressor protein in patients with adenocarcinoma type of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, the statistical population included prostate cancer patients with adenocarcinoma-type T1 and T2 stages referred to Baqiyatallah El-Azam Subspeciality Hospital in Tehran from late March to late September 2016. The sample size included 20 men who were randomly divided into control (n=10) and experimental (n=10) groups. The experimental group performed concurrent training for eight weeks (three days per week), including resistance training with 60-75 percent of a maximal repeat and aerobic exercise with 60-75 percent of maximum heart rate. The control group did not receive any intervention. The serum level of P53 was measured by ELISA method and analyzed by independent t-test and paired t-test. Results: The results showed a significant increase in the maximum aerobic capacity (p<0. 001) and serum level of P53 (p=0. 029), and a significant decrease in body mass index (p<0. 001) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results indicated that the concurrent training has caused the level of P53 tumor suppressor protein to be increased and possibly in this way can reduce the progression of adenocarcinoma cancer tumors.

Background and Objectives: The presence of ESBLs (Extended spectrum β-lactamase) for the health system has many problems. Moreover, these strains have increased resistance to other antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular detection of blaTEM, blaCTX and blaSHV beta-lactamase genes in Bacillus subtilis strains isolated from raw milk and cheese samples. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study, 100 samples of raw milk and cheese were prepared and cultured. The suspicious colonies of Bacillus subtilis were identified by biochemical methods. Disc diffusion method was used to measure antibiotic susceptibility. Also, the presence of blaTEM, blaCTX and blaSHV betalactamase genes in ESBLs strains was evaluated by PCR (Polymerase reaction chain) method. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and reported in the form of descriptive statistics (number and percentage). Results: The highest resistance in isolates that were able to produce the β-lactamase enzyme was related to erythromycin antibiotics (75%) and the least was related to cefotaxime (44. 60%) and cefixime (46. 20%) antibiotics. Of the 50 raw milk samples, TEM (Temoneira) gene was identified in 21samples, CTX (Cefotaximase) gene in 16 and SHV (Sulfhydryl-variable) gene in 3 samples. Of the 50 cheese samples, 17 (45. 94%) samples contained TEM gene, 13 (35. 13%) CTX gene and 2 (5. 40%) SHV gene. Conclusion: According to the results, the use of molecular methods along with phenotypic methods seems necessary to fully recognize these types of resistance.

Background and Objectives: Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in gymnastic. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of low back pain on functional stability of upper limb in gymnast athletes. Materials and Methods: In this analytical descriptive study, 30 male gymnasts (12-14 years old) of Khorramabad were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and assigned into healthy and low back pain groups. The Y balance test of upper quarterly (YBT-UQ) was used in order to assess the functional stability of upper limb. Data analysis was also done using independent t-test by SPSS 21 software. Results: The results showed that the functional stability of upper limb in healthy subjects was significantly more than the subjects with low back pain (p<0. 05). These results also showed that the reported differences between healthy and low back pain subjects were visible in both dominant and non-dominant upper limbs. Conclusion: In general, it seems that the low back pain can increase the risk of future injuries by reducing the functional stability of the upper limbs in gymnast athletes; however, additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Background and Objectives: Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are heavy metals that are dangerous for human health. This research was done to evaluate the Pb and Cd concentration of Arak city soil and assess their noncancer risk in 2017. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in 2017 with sampling of five stations in different parts of Arak city and from each station 12 samples were prepared and the mean of soil Pb and Cd concentration was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Additionally, non-cancer risk of heavy metals sorption in surface soils via inhalation pathways for children and adults were evaluated using the method suggested by EPA ( the United States Environmental Protection Agency). Data were analyzed using descriptive tests. Results: The greatest risk of non-cancer disease from Pb and Cd respiration belonged to Arak terminal station with the amount of 9. 6 and 3. 4, respectively. In Sardaran and Shohada square, the risk of non-cancers disease via inhalation pathway was greater than one. The results of heavy metal geochemical deposit value were also confirming this matter clearly. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that soil pollution with heavy metals can enter heavy metals to human body via inhalation pathway in the long term. However, the type and amount of pollutant and geographic location are of high significance.

Background and Objectives: Nowadyas, husband abuse is a highly prevalent phenomenon in the society. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of husband abuse among the people referred to the Fars Province General Administration of Forensic Medicine from 2012 to 2014. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was designed to study a population consisted of all men referred to a Fars province forensic medicine administrations from 2012 to 2014, with the complaint of physical injuries by their wives. Data collection was done using a checklist. Data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software. Results: The reusults indicated that, among the wives, 6 (5. 12%) people were with the history of drug abuse, 43 (36. 75%) with the history of tobacco abuse, and 15 (12. 82%) with the history of alcohol abuse. The most prevalent persecution methods were mental and emotional abuse and non-compliance. In examining the causes of husband abuse, the reported cases included the wife’ s family interference, financial dependence on the husband's family, husband's emotional attachment to his family, and financial dependence on his wife. Conclusion: The increasing prevalence of domestic violence of wives against husbands is concerning. Useful education before marriage is the proposed strategy to reduce domestic violence against men. Life skills education in schools, health centers and the media can also be beneficial.