JOURNAL OF SCIENCE (KHARAZMI UNIVERSITY)
Year:2001 | Volume:1 | Issue:2|Papers Count:7

This study was done to find and identify species of vesicular - arbuscular mycorrhizal (V AM) fungi in some cultivated plants (wheat, lucerne, barley, onion, been, tomato and strawberry) in suburbs of Mashhad (North eastern of Iran) in during the year. The spores were extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting method. 13 species of V AM belonging to 6 genera were identified. Acaulospora gerdemannii *, Gigaspora, Glomus constrictum , G. etunicatum*, G. fasciculatum, G. geosporum*, G. macrocarpum, G. mosseae, G. tortuosum*, G. cf. albidum, Entrophospora infrequens*, Sc1erocystis sinuosa,Scutellospora calospora*. Labeled fungi were reported from Khorasan for the first time.

In this article Beckmann Rearrangement in solid phase under microwave irradiation is examined. A series of ketones are converted to the correspo- ding amides using AICl3 in dry media and a household microwave oven. The results reveal that the rearrangements take place selectively under mild conditions in short times with high yields and with environmental advantages.

One kind of deformation that was found in special facies in the Makran zone is pencil structures. This type of structure mainly formed in shale, siltstone and sometimes in finegraind sandstone. It seems that its formation is a kind of tectonic which develops during a metamorphic process before forming schistosity. In the other word, it can be mentioned that the pencil structures can be formed in special facies, when they are in specific condition such as intersect bedding or two cleavages in the early stgages of slaty cleavage. In many cases there is a loose relationship between slaty cleavages and large geological structures such as foldings, and almost they are in the same direction with axial plane. Therefore, it can be said that pencil structures are occured parallel to b axis (axia of folding).

This work deals with misfit angles which are observable in ferroelastic phase transition. In this paper the misfit angles are calculated for six different ferroelastic phase transitions, where there is only one possible misfit angle. We use spontaneous strain tensor and Algebraic and geom- etric approach observable in the calculation. This method can be used for all possible misfit angles and for all ferroelastic species are given.

S.elongatus is one of the drought tolerant species which can survive water deficits down to complete airdryness, and when they rehydrate, resume normal physiological functions.. In both attached and detached leaves, percentage of cell viability by using neutral red test Levitt 1960 was measured. During severe drought stress levels of total proteins, free proline, soluble sugars and SDS-P AGE were determined and compared with non- resurrection grass S.pyramidalis. Sugars increation compared with the theory of the glassy state or cytoplasmic vitrification also was correlated with our finding. Minor increation of free proline in drought tolerant (DT) plants compared with the sensitive plants were correlated with the present literature. Total protein first increased as drying progressed and later decreastion may be an indication of severe enzymatic shift during drought stress. SDS- PAGE analysis showed that appearance of new bands as dryness progressed which correlated with enzymatic changes during shift in kind of sugars involved.

Microelement iron (III) EDDHA, the prime constituent of the imported "sequestrene - 138" in Iran, is an important iron nutrient for plants. It is conveniently synthesized from salicyl aldehyde. The efficiency of the synthesized chelating agent is then studied as the uptake of chelated iron labeled with Fe59 by bean plants grown on some calcareous soils of Karaj, a city in Iran. It has been found cout that the synthesized EDDHA- Fe is almost as efficient as the imported sequestrene -138.

The Dezu Formation of the Early Cambrian age in the east of Zarand (northwest of Kerman) has been studied to determine its fades, paleoenvironment and sequences. Its upper contact with Dahu Formation and its lower contact with the underlying Rizu Series is marked by distinct erosional unconformity. The Dezu Formation is composed of the fluvial siliciclastics at the base, alternation of carbonates and evaporites in the middle part and collapse breccia and dolomite in its upper part. Field and microscopic investigations of the Dezu Formation in the east of Zarand led to recognition of two siliciclastic fades and eight carbonate and evaporite fades. The siliciclastic facies include litharenite and shale/mudstone. The carbonate and evaporite facies include dolomitized wackestone (A), dolomitized ooid packstone-grainstone (B), lime mudstone (Cl), dolomitized pellet packstone (C2), laminated dolomitic lime mudstone (D1), dolomitic stromatolite boundstone (D2), dolomitic fenestral lime mudstone (E1) and gypsum and anhydrite (E2). This study indicates that shale/mudstone and sandstone fades were deposited in a meandering river environment. facies A-E were deposited in a carbonate ramp similar to the present day Presian Gulf. The Dezu succession indicates a 3-rd order cycle (sequence) bounded by major erosional unconformities. This sequence is composed of a lowstand systems tract (fluvial deposits), a transgressive systems tract (evaporite and carbonate deposits) and a highstand systems tract (upper Dezo dolomite).