JOURNAL OF URBAN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
Year:2019 | Volume:6 | Issue:19|Papers Count:7

The main goal of the present study is to integrate the ecological assessment and remote sensing techniques to evaluate landscape structural elements of Khoshk River. Furthermore, aesthetic design strategies for the natural urban landscapes that lead to improving environmental quality are presented by different flowcharts. In this regard, natural and artificial patterns and flows of marginal area of the Khoshk River are recognized through analyzing aerial photos at the landscape-mosaic scale. Along with the qualitative analyses, the quantitative analyses by using remote sensing technique are carried out for determination of vegetation density, surficial water, and topography. The vegetation density and the surficial water are assessed using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), respectively. Moreover, the topography of the studied area is investigated using Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). Landscape fragmentation caused by public transportation and urban development is analyzed during the time period of 2003-2018 for the site of interest. The aesthetic strategies presented in this research emphasize on improving the visual quality and pattern configuration, conserving the biodiversity, and increasing public awareness of ecological values...

In this study, using Landsat satellite images, physical and density made changes in the city of Sari were evaluated simultaneously in four periods of 10 years from 1988 to 2018. Maximum Likelihood Classification and Normalized spectral mixture analysis (NSMA) algorithms were used to extract physical and density made information from satellite imagery, respectively. The results showed that the area of the city of Sari increased from 1726 hectares in 1988 to 3071 hectares in 2018, with the largest expansion in the east, south and southwest. density made has also risen from 49% in 1988 to 56% in 2018, with the highest increase in the northeast (12%), south (12%), and west (10%) respectively. In addition, physical expansion and density made were simulated in 2028. The results of the prediction model show increase the 1716-hectare urban area of Sari focusing on the southwest and east directions in 2028. Furthermore, it is expected the increase in the average density made from 56 percent to 63 percent the most in the north, east and southwest directions along the main roads of the city...

Sprawl is being considered as one form of physical expansion which introduced into the literature of urban planning and management of Iran in the last decades. Some of the Iranian cities experienced this type of expansion during their accelerated growth period. These cities have been dealing with many problems including unplanned planning development, creation of informal settlement, great fluctuation regarding land and housing prices, increase in costs of infrastructures as well as urban services, converting agricultural lands into urban uses, high rate of energy consumption and its pollution consequences. This study aims to investigate Babol city expansion between1957-2017 and its role on structural-functional changes in the village of Siahkolamahallah. This study suggests that Babol’ s area has been continuously increasing during the study period and changed the structuralfunctional features of the village of Siahkolamallah...

Paying attention to the ways for reduce consumption is necessary due to pollution caused by fossil fuels and its consequences. Climate design is one of the solutions used by natural resources to supply the energy needed for the building and it will reduce the need for fossil fuels. The angles that the buildings have toward the north-south axis, they make a difference in the amount of energy received. The following results were obtained after examining the amount of energy for five samples studied. Nassaji Town (3. 48 degrees’ deviation to the north east-south west) has the most suitable buildings in terms of orientation and optimal energy reception, After that, The old part of Koochaksara, Nikan Town, Farhangshahr Town and finally the second part of Nassaji Town (39. 17 degrees’ deviation to the north westsouth east). In general, according to the results of this research, it is about five degrees of deviation from the south toward east and west are an ideal direction for building construction and the direction of the building in the city of Qaemshahr. This orientation is considered as a suitable direction because it receives maximum energy during the cold month of the year and conversed, it receives at least the energy during the warm months of the year...

The cemetery commemorates the current and the after-death life as one of the principles of the religion of Islam and is one of the most important manifestations of the culture and beliefs of the people. Iran’ s cemeteries in the Islamic era have identities and concepts different from those they do today and have been considered as a place for pilgrimage and recreation; The fact is being neglected in the design of today's cemeteries and replaced with typical designs. This research with a qualitative research approach and an analytical-comparative research method and field research with library studies is aimed at identifying the needs and the reasons for site selection and construction of the cemeteries. The results indicate the cemetery as an indigenous urban space, a place for social interactions, manifestation of belonging to survivors, cultural identity, and the readability of urban spaces in the past. For example, the cemetery of the Takhte Follad of Isfahan has been considered as one of the most valuable cemeteries in the world of Shiism. This research examines to revive the past cemeteries concept with the comparison of the Baghe Rezvan cemetery, which was built outside the city and the Takhte Follad cemetery which is been gradually destructing...

In recent years, rising the environmental crisis due to urban physical growth toward surrounding natural areas, has increased the necessity of attending urban environment. Using new urban views based on the environment can response to physical needs and lead to nature protection, biodiversity and increasing the quality of environment in the city and finally response to problems of climate changes. In this regard, one of the new ideas is Biophilic Urbanism. So the aim of this study is presenting an analytical model on assessing the properties of the biophilic city in five cities; Singapore, Portland, Brisbane, Perth and Berlin in response to climate changes...

Urban regeneration is one of the infill development approaches. If the principles of sustainable development are run, after implementation, it will have a very influential role in promoting various dimensions of social, economic, cultural and. . . of cities. Urban regeneration in Rasht is considered as the largest urban plan in the post-revolution years. According to the sensitivity and especially the high social, economic, physical costs of the study studies, they cannot be considered as a physical change in the city, hence the study of social capital in the process of urban regeneration in Rasht is considered to be the main goal of this study. For the purpose، descriptiveanalytical method has been used. The require information has been obtained using library and field studies in three areas including inefficient areas، historical areas and informal settlements. The statistical population of the study consisted of 90084 inhabitants of the study area. To extract the sample population، Cochran method was used (95% confidence level، p and q = 0. 5). According to the research objectives، a Likert scale questionnaire was designed and used. The sample population is 382 people. For data analysis، one-sample t-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used. The results indicate that social capital is identified as an indicator of increased interactions between citizens، participation and awareness، but it has been undesirable in terms of creating a sense of trust among citizens. Other important conclusion of the present studies a significant difference in social capital in three areas and studied neighborhoods...