Journal of Hadith Studies
Year:2021 | Volume:12 | Issue:24|Papers Count:15

Al-Kafi is the best book of shiah that is written by Koleini. Because the anagram of chain of transmitters is an obscure phenomenon, it is necessary to study itchr('39')s volume the evidences and the influences of the factors of its appearance in this book. This article, using a descriptive-analytical method and relying on library resources, concluded that the anagram of chain of transmitters is very low, there are about 200 narrators in al-Kafi book is affected by the anagram of chain of transmitters and the role of Kafi is 0. 0002, which constitute according to all the repeated narratives of Al-KAfi (84749), about 23% of the 1%. The recognition of evidences of anagram of chain of transmitters is divided into two widely used and less used categories. Considering the similar document chain, personal narratives from a particular book and plurality, quoting a narrator from another narrator is one of the most widely used evidences, and paying attention to the era of each narrator, paying attention to the documents of al-Akafi narrations in another book of hadith and the name of the narrator in books Al-Rejal is one of the less used evidences. bbb

Taqiyya has been one of the life strategies of Imamiah School against Sunni School for preserving and sustaining the religion. One of the instruments of the practice of Taqiyyah has been a set of doctrinal principles and instructions in the same form as the traditions followed by Sunnis so that it could reduce their so-called sensitivity to the narrators of Hadiths and advocates of Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them. Hence one of the reasons for the differences in the provisions made by the existing Hadiths attributed to the Infallibles has been the implementation of Taqyya by them and their reference to the Hadiths that conformed to Sunni opinions. Based on this, the Infallible Imams, to resolve discrepancies between the Hadiths, indicated the adoption of the ones contrary to those stated by the Sunnis. This article has used a descriptive/ analytical method to review and reread the ways for adopting narratives that oppose those of Sunnis’ opinions as well as the semantic proportion of Taqiyyah and its conformity to them.

Hadith is less seen as a process in the field of Islamic sciences. Being a method, being a member of the history family, having a clear structure and the intention to survive are important pillars of this inherited process in Islam. Classification is one of the main topics in the philosophy of science and one of the ways to analyze history correctly is to pay attention to historical classification. In the historical sciences, what gives meaning to a classification; It is not merely a mental and logical possibility; Nor should historical reality be overlooked. Therefore, we define the main one as the "necessity of meaningful classification" and the three classifications of "subject", "periodic" and "Shiite-Sunni" which are very important; We examine. The division of hadith into Shiites and Sunnis is a common example of these divisions in the history of hadith. In general, the explanation of the relationship between Shiite and Sunni hadith, based on a historical approach, will lead to the clear conclusion that this classification does not have a fully defensible basis in an accurate analysis of the history of hadith; Because each of the five relations, including unity, reaction, text and margin, adaptation and distinction, is related to only a part of the hadiths and not all of them. Classification based on historical facts has a more defensible logic in the historical analysis of hadith.

The forgery of the hadith, the mistake of some narrators in the Hearing, understanding or narration of the hadith indicate the necessity of critique of narrations to ensure their correctness or inaccuracy. In order to deal with these damages, the most frequent recommendation of Imams is Content critique with focused on the supply of hadiths to the Quran. However, so far, despite the discussion of the nature and validity of these narratives, there has been no research on the rules of supply, based on examples of the use of this criterion by the Imams and with a focus on the hadith. This research, with the aim of studying this subject by descriptive-analytic method has analyzed the text of the narrations of the width and sample of the narrations presented by the Imams on the Quran. The most important findings of this study are summarized in these sentences: According to the tradition, despite the possibility of offering all the narrations to the Qurchr('39')an, the doubt about meaning and issuance of hadith is the necessity of supplying the hadith to the Quran. Based on the hadiths of supply, the scope of the Quranchr('39')s contents in the supply process is a model that consisting of at least one of the text, figure, principle, discourse, and exegesis of the Quran (provided that it does not oppose other meanings). In the discussion of agreeing and disagreeing with the Qurchr('39')an, it came to the conclusion that the meaning of agreement is same with meaning of Conformity, And the meaning of opposition including the total opposition, the disagreement, and the lack of agreement. With the explanation that the condition of accepting any narrative is not to prove that the Quran is not opposed to it or to find no agreement in the Quran. proof of non-opposition of narrative with the Quran or not finding an agreement for narrative in the Quran related to situations in which a narrative is difficult or there is a doubt in its meaning. On the basis of the Tradition of the imams, the aim of Critique of the Narration`s chain and Content Critique of the hadith is to ensure the originality of the hadith and it is not necessary to deny or accept or prioritize these two method.

One of the issues raised by Shiite and Sunni scholars in the last century is the existence of narrators attributed to Shiism in Bukharichr('39')s Sahih. Given the great credibility of this book in Sunni hadith societies, and on the other hand, Bukharichr('39')s accusation of installation, the importance of addressing why these narrators exist in Bukharichr('39')s authentic book is strengthened. In this regard, no one has explained the cause in a clear and detailed manner. However, following the existing works, we can enumerate three theories that have been pointed out by scholars: the first view has sought the cause in the prominent and irreplaceable role of Shiite narrators; The second view considers Bukharichr('39')s enthusiasm and motivation in receiving and publishing the hadith as the main factor, and the third group proposes Bukharichr('39')s love and devotion to her Ahl al-Bayt and their Shiites, and consequently her non-installation The present article has tried to organize the fourth theory on this subject in three steps after expressing the inadequacy of the aforementioned possibilities: First, a brief overview of the components and characteristics of the first-century Shiite currents in the earlier centuries; In the next step, based on these components and other methods mentioned in the text, the type of Shiite narrators and the amount of narration from the currents attributed to Shiism are determined. And in the final step, the inadequacy of the possibilities mentioned about the presence of Shiite narrators in Bukharichr('39')s book is pointed out and the theory of "separation of Bukhari between different types of Shiite narrators" is explained and the effect of Bukharichr('39')s theological and religious motives in this issue is analyzed

Cognitive linguistics has received increased attention among scholars for three decades. According to this approach, mind structures play an important role in interacting with the world. And systemizing, process and transmission of data are the duty of language. In this regard, metaphor and mental images are known as important systematic categories of language. Metaphor is not only known as an aesthetical factor but also defined as a meta-linguistic tool shaping the conceptual system of mindset and guiding human thought, attitude and language. Evans and Green introduce the Image schemas as a part of "conceptual structure". Thus, defining metaphor and counting the differences of traditional and modern views, I would discuss the Image schemas and review the Image schemas of "the world" in sermons and short sayings of Nahj al-Balā ghahin terms of cognitive semantics. Moreover, the inquiry relies on Evans and Greenchr('39')s model of Image schemas. Studying the schemas presented in this model, I come to the conclusion that there are various schemas in the context of sermons and short sayings of Nahj al-Balā ghah namely: path, control, force, unity, spatial, balance, consistency, and existence schema. Among all, path schemas have a high quantity and the schemas mostly used to address the material world.

Undoubtedly, in order to understand the Qurchr('39')an, the audience must be aware of the angles of the revelation of the Qurchr('39')an, culture, customs, environment, dignity and means of revelation. Such an understanding will not be achieved without concerning whatever said. This article is to examine the relationship between the first verses of the surah Al-Imran and the event of Mubahila in three parts with the plan of dating Surah Al-Imran and the historical event of Mubahila, a study of signification and authenticity of verses and narrations, correspondence and the arrival of tribes in Medina, gives a clear and correct understanding of the non-coincidence of the revelation of the verses of Surah Al-Imran and the event of Mubahila. The concurrence of verse 61 of Al-Imran with the occurrence of Mubahila, caused confusion caused by revelation and coincidence in revelation. Surah Al-Imran has been revealed in the third year by examining the authenticity and signification, considering the narrations of the order of revelation and definite historical events in the verses. Despite the fact that Mubahila is a definite historical event, it does not coincide with the decline of Al-Imran. The article is written by descriptive-analytical method and using verses, narrations and historical documents.

Central justice and the avoidance of any prejudice should be one of the most important principles in the critique and review of texts. But has this principle been taken into account in Rejali critiques? Or has religious prejudice worked in this area and prevented some Rejaliyan from telling the truth? This article aims to evaluate the influence of Shiite narrators on Sunni Rejali criticisms in their authoritative Rejali books and has been written with a descriptive-analytical method, and with numerous evidences, states that many Sunni Rejaliyoun criticisms of Shiite narrators with religious orientation and Sectarian and anti-Shiite prejudice has taken place and has proved that among some Sunni Rejaliyoun, Shiism is a weakness for narrators and in many cases has even overshadowed the stability, goodness and justice of the narrators.

The Holy Quran has narrated the vicissitudinous story of Yusuf (peace be upon him) in the most beautiful way of storytelling for the sake of humanity. However, many fabricated narrations have been included with the aim of downplaying the guiding aspect of the Qurchr('39')an, following some verses of Surah Yusuf. In this research, the narrations regarding the cessation of the prophecy from the generation of the Prophet Yusuf (peace be upon him) have been criticized in terms of document and content. The main approach of this research has been that of a library method in which none of the five existing narrations were revealed to be authentic in terms of documents. In terms of content and in addition to the discrepancies in their text, they are openly opposed to the text of the Holy Quran and do not agree with the context of the mentioned verses. They are also not compatible with rational and doctrinal criteria, because they have damaged the status of infallibility of this great prophet. Moreover, they also have created an improper and unacceptable relation and clearly shown the robbery of the fabricators of hadith in this Qurchr('39')anic story

When one embarks on studying any kind of hadith, the context in which it was issued, whether from an infallible or a just and reliable person, must be clear in the very first step. It also has to be made clear on which epistemological basis or ideological principle or practical solution the hadith is based on in terms of the text and content. The kind of hadith under this study, which expresses a special form of relationship between the ulemachr('39')s (Islamic Scholars) and the rulers, appeared in the form of a social narrative discourse almost at the end of the first century AH, and became especially popular among Sufis, ascetics and preachers. The investigation of the documents and texts of this hadith indicated that the undocumented hadith has been quoted in the sources of the fourth and fifth centuries AH, which had not been referred to in the primary sources of the Islamic hadiths; the only hadiths referred to were the ones similar in content. The popularity and prevalence of the narration of the hadith dates back to the famous Sufi and ascetic classes such as Fudhil ibn Ayyaz and Salma ibn Dinar, whose strong tendencies to leave the world and their fear of associating with rulers and court affairs probably led them to document their beliefs with such a hadith

Summary The Companions of Hadith, as a totalitarian school in all fields of religious sciences, also left significant effects in the field of asceticism. The field of asceticism has given him a different crystallization of hadith research due to the dual tendencies of the early and the late. Although the subject of asceticism has been studied in the form of hadith writings by Ibn Mubarak and Ibn Hanbal, but the influential currents on them as well as the different hadith principles of the two have obtained a dual understanding of the concept of asceticism. The existence of the school of thought of the companions of hadith and the phenomenon of various readings of hadith and consequently the impact on the two hadiths discussed in the field of asceticism are also noteworthy. In the meantime, storytelling has not been ineffective in depicting asceticism. In the present article, while comparatively examining Ibn Mubarakchr('39')s "Book of Asceticism" and Ahmad Ibn Hanbalchr('39')s "Book of Asceticism", the differences between the two in terms of scope and issues in these two books are discussed and through the currents in The second and third centuries AH point to the variety of ascetic methods of that era.

Verse 29 of Hajj as the verse of Qada Tafath, which is mentioned in addition to the rituals of Hajj, has been associated with various opinions among commentators and Qurchr('39')anic scholars, both in terms of its outward and inward meanings, and is worth examining from the interpretive and linguistic point of view of the Qurchr('39')an. . In the meantime, both lexical literary study and narrative interpretive studies are groundbreaking. At the same time, in parallel with the valuable horizons of the interpretive narrations of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS), serious controversies have been raised by some Muchr('39')tazilite and Shiite rationalists in the esoteric esoteric language of these narrations. In this article, in the first stage, a lexical study of the concept of "Tafath" has been done and based on the original lexical sources, three important views have been examined in this regard. Then, in examining the validity of the two categories of narrations related to the outward and inward language of the verse, it has been discussed and in the last stage, the disputes about the inward language of the verse have been criticized.

The hadith of giving the apple of paradise to the Prophet (PBUH) in ascension and its effect on the formation of the genes of Hazrat Zahra (PBUH), although it is mentioned in many Islamic sources; still, some looked at it with skepticism or denial and considered it abandoned, messenger and weak and refused to quote it. However, most Islamic commentators and scholars have eliminated the weakness in terms of content by strengthening and implying many other narrations and have inferred significant results from its text. One of the drawbacks of this hadith is that most of the Companions and followers have considered the time of Ascension in the period of 10-12 years, which according to the famous narration about the time of birth of Hazrat Zahra (PBUH)-the fifth year. Besat-he was almost 7 years old. Hence, the said hadith has been considered invalid. In addition to examining the historical course of this hadith and the differences of opinion of Islamic commentators and thinkers about the time of Ascension and the birth of Hazrat Zahra (PBUH) in Islamic texts and sources, this article tries to reflect the issue of the multiplicity of Ascension and reflect this hadith due to its great fame. Analyze and study the poetry of ritual poets.

The story of Karbala and the martyrdom of Imam Hussein and his companions was one of the historical events that played a major role in shaping the collective Shiite identity in the first century AH. Undoubtedly, after this historical event, everything related to it was cherished as a memorial symbol. Perhaps pilgrimage and material objects played a pivotal role in this. In the process of reviving the memory and status of Imam Hussein, his tomb and soil found a prominent place, Shiite Imams sought to view it as a means to restore the physical and spiritual elements of the Shiites. Although Imam ʿ Alī b. al-Ḥ ussain had a special place in reflecting and highlighting the event of Karbala, but the oldest reports about the tomb of Imam Hussein were related to the era after him. Numerous reports indicate the formation of the discourse of turbat al-ḥ ussain in the first half of the second century AH, in which the traditions of Imam Sā deq and Imam Bā qer have the most important place. In terms of content and number, these reports are in a way, according to which, the formation of the discourse of turbat al-Ḥ ussain can be dated to the first half of the second century AH. This discourse and its components may contribute to the discovery in the early centuries, of a Shiite anthropological discourse which is still unknown. This study will show how fiqh al-ḥ adī th can be developed using an anthropological perspective and provide a better understanding of the texts and metatexts of aḥ ā dith. This study will show that application of cultural anthropology in fiqh al-ḥ adī th, in addition to understanding the text at the literary level, can help to discover and introduce anthropological discourses in the period of issuing these reports. Through reflecting on the rituals of turbat from an anthropological point of view, this essay will recreate and identify the discourse of turbat al-Ḥ ussain in the first centuries of Islam as one of the components of the identity of the early Shiites.

Structure analysis is one of the ways to study literary texts. In this method, the text is divided by dividing the text according to the structure and the reason for its use. The present study tries to identify and extract the words and claims of another person about Imam Ali (AS) and his actions, using a descriptive-analytical method To categorize and evaluate the structure and method of the answer provided by that Imam. How Amir Sokhan has quoted another claim about himself in a method and tone, What expressive and technical structure did the respondent use to answer the respondent so that he would judge the absurdity of the allegation and, on the contrary, judge its legitimacy? The study shows that Imam (AS) tried to present another simple and non-technical claim as structurally as possible. Instead, he strengthens his words by using various rhetorical techniques, especially oaths, to help persuade the audience through the intervention of those means of expression