QJOURNAL OF LITERARY QURANIC RESEARCHES
Year:2018 | Volume:6 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

Alternation as a linguistic technique in discourse structure that replaces a word (comprising nouns, verbs, prepositions and particles) with its synonym. In the present study, among the various forms of alternation, alternation of forms of names, which happens when in literary discourse, a form replaces another which although similar in terms of derivation contains a meaning different from the original meaning, has been focused on. The present study that used a descriptive-analytical method and took a stylistic approach, analyzed the norm-evading phenomenon of alternation in the Holy Qur'an especially in two surahs of Al-An'am and Al-A'raf. Thus, this article aimed at describing the deep structures of alternating forms and acquainting the readers with their aesthetic objectives. The results suggest that alternation in infinitives has a high frequency in these two surahs occurring chiefly as agent nouns and object pronouns. Following the infinitives, the agent nouns play their role as a stylistic feature replacing past and present verbs in these surahs.

the miracle of the words, rhetoric, eloquence, musicality, structure and texture. Researching into this aspect of the Qur'an appears to be a highly difficult task and discovering meanings in this endless sea seems very complicated if not impossible. The present study, using a descriptive-analytical method, attempted at analyzing examples of Qur'anic ayahs in order to review only a smart part of this book which is the miracle of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). It also aimed to categorize directive speech acts and their diversity on the basis of Searle's theory. The analysis of the frequency of the speech acts in the Qur'anic ayahs showed that directives were the most frequent speech acts followed by commissives, expressives, declarations and representatives. As a result, this study categorized directives in nine cases of request, statement, commanding, declaring, eulogy, dispraise, exclamation, comradeship, and interaction, the analysis of which showed that indirect speech acts have been used more often in directing humans, which indicates the multi-dimensional and polysemous characteristic of ayahs. Besides, the principle of reflection on the Holy Qur'an has made it possible that humans grasp the meanings of indirect speech acts using the power of reason and logic enjoying the bounty of reasoning granted to him.

Analysing and revising Qur'anic stories by means of new theories can be effective in more developed recognition and deeper understanding of the Holy Qur'an. The present descriptive-analytical study aimed to analyse the Qur'anic stories comprising the stories of Prophet Joseph (PBUH), Prophet Ibrahim (PBUH), Prophet Jonah (PBUH) and Prophet Jacob (PBUH) drawing on Greimas's actantial model. In so doing, the narratives mentioned were categorized, then the characters in each narration were reviewed and analysed. Six major roles or as Greimas puts it 'actor' were extracted in the narratives. The actors consisted of sender, subject, object, helper, receiver and opponent. This findings show that the structure of many Qur'anic stories can be reviewed using Greimas's actantial model, the general principles of this model are fully in line with the Qur'anic stories and the results are analogous with Greimas's achievements in the study of personality as one of the main elements of stories.

This study examined the contrast between ellipsis and pronouns as components of textual coherence in the Prophet Musa's story, taking this approach that texts are not only lexical structures consisting of sequences of sentences, but are also the result of reciprocal interaction between speakers (writers) and listeners (readers), which develop through text and by means of syntactic and semantic tools. These syntactic tools, both in terms of cohesion and coherence, play an important role in the formation of texts. Therefore, the present study investigates Surah Taha's text linguistics to determine the effect of pronouns and the unity of subject in reducing the role of ellipsis and hence the textual coherence of this surah. Because sentence linguistics cannot adequately explain ellipsis, the present study that takes a descriptive-analytical approach and relies on library documents, concerns itself with pronouns and references to determine the efficiency of pronouns in textual coherence and the reduction of the effect of ellipsis through a linguistic approach to the text of Surah Taha. The findings, which draw on statistical analyses, indicate that the unity of subject in this surah and the frequent use of pronouns for referencing play an important role in the coherence of the text of this surah and have marginalized the effect of ellipsis in this regard. Whereas the frequency of ellipsis was 3%, pronouns' frequency was found to be 97%.

The use of Qur'anic ayahs in Persian texts especially mystical texts is very impressive and has been one of the main sources of inspiration for writers. Abhar al-Asheqin is one of the mystical texts of the sixth century with unique content, namely, the study of the relationship between sacred and human love. The purpose of this research is to investigate the connection between Qur'anic ayahs and Persian grammar in this work. To this end, all ayahs used in the text were accurately extracted and the position of each ayah was examined at the levels of the roles and syntactic structures and sentences. According to the findings of this research, the ayahs are used in the grammatical roles of subject, object, complement, and genitive. Among these syntactical components, the use of ayahs in the creation of compound structures is more and more diverse, and simile and allusive dependents are broadly applied in a variety of topics induce specific mystical concepts. Topics such as the creation of man, Alast, paradise and its blessings, simile compounds, and elements related to the story of the divine prophets including Adam, Noah, Ebrahim, Yusuf, Mū sā , Ī sā and Muhammad (PBUH) are the subject of allusive compounds. Qur'anic ayahs are also used in the structure of simple and compound sentences as well as parenthetical content in this text. Although some sentences are apparently unnecessary and can be removed, their presence adds certain meanings to the sentences. The joining of sentences in the text is often in a way that separating them from the sentence context disrupts meaning. In Abhar al-Asheqin, the predominant structure of sentences is simple, and indicates a strong connection between ayahs and mystical concepts.

The systematic understanding of the Qur'anic ayahs has been a constant concern of the Muslim interpreters and experts. On the other hand, among the context clues, "register" is one of the key clues in understanding the given meaning because every text and proposition, including the Qur'an, is accompanied by contexts. Therefore, the commentators of the Holy Qur'an have interpreted ayahs relying on context clues of the ayahs. It should be said that the use of the context clues dates back to a long time ago. Nevertheless, this usage is faced with obstacles and disadvantages that, in case of negligence, disturb the process of systematic understanding of the Qur'an. In other words, neglecting the disadvantages and obstacles of the use of context clues leads the interpreter from eisegesis to Ijtihad-based exegesis that draws on the Qur'an, tradition, and reasoning based on the text of the Qur'an. It seems that unless the nature and the capacity of the context clues have not become clear, interpreters are likely to make mistakes in using them. On the other hand, considering the origins of the problems that make clues disadvantageous aids interpreters in the systematic application of context clues. This paper seeks to explicate the nature and the capacity of context clues, their disadvantages, as well as the obstacles in using them besides identifying their origins. Through the effort made in the present study, "ten" disadvantages and their origins were identified and discussed.

Layered stylistics is a novel method for studying the stylistic characteristics of works that practically and objectively investigates the styles of different texts through the provision of a design of appropriate layers or levels and components for the text. By analyzing texts at five phonetic, lexical, syntactic, semantic and rhetorical levels, the outstanding characteristics of style and its role and value are specified at each level, and the discovery and interpretation of the link between the formal characteristics of the text and its content is facilitated and the ultimate goal of discovering the worldview dominating the text can be achieved. The present research used a descriptive-analytical method to investigate the outstanding stylistic features of Surah "an-Naba'" at three syntactic, phonetic and lexical levels to shed light on how, applying appropriate variables to each level, the thought of the inclination to the hereafter governing it is reflected. To this end, at the syntactic level, three variables of the length of the sentence, the modality and the grammatical voice; at the phonetic level, the rhythm and signification of the voices, and at the lexical level, the codes were selected. The results of the research indicate that the shortness of ayahs regarding the main subject of Surah, which is the Day of Judgment, notifies humans of the shortness of the life time and the necessity of becoming prepared for the life in the hereafter. The prevalence of the epistemic-indicative mood shows the certainty of the word of God about the coming of the Day of Judgement and the dominance of passive voice, is an indication of the passive state of the world and of man who moves towards his destined fate, which is bad for the evildoers and good for the God-fearing. The sharp and strong rhythm and high usage of void and intense sounds which come down to the readers' senses as furious screams and blows, calls for contemplating about the universe and that following such a firm and precise plan, there is certainly a Day of Judgment, and paradise and the hell. The presence of codes such as "the great news", "the Day of Separation", "blowing the Trumpet", "hell", "scalding water", "transgressors", "purulence", "recompense", "torment", "the God-fearing", "attainment", "that Day", "near punishment" strengthen the aforementioned thought. Meanwhile, from among these levels, the stylistic level due to its high capacity for creating various meanings, has played the most prominent role in serving the main subject of this surah.

Shaykh Tabarsi believes that firstly the sending down and proclamation of the Qur'an is just based on one reading; secondly he does not consider even one letter of the Qur'an as futile, thirdly, he accounts the reading diversity to appear after the proclamation of the Qur'an, and fourthly, does not regard the Qur'an and the readings as two distinct realities but believes in the synoptic knowledge of the divine reading and tries to definitely determine the divine reading or prefer it via conjecture and through adopting a number of principles including some linguistic-literary ones. Using a descriptive-analytical method, the present research analyzed the characteristics of the aforementioned principles and besides explaining their conceptual elements, states the position of their usage from Shaykh Tabarsi's view and eventually scrutinizes these principles.