Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
Year:2021 | Volume:25 | Issue:1|Papers Count:13

Background: Utreoplacental Insufficiency (UPI) causes impaired fetal brain development and induces oxidative stress, which ultimately leads to intrauterine growth restriction. Due to the antioxidant properties of Hesperidin (HES), the study aimed to outcome this compound on cognitive impairment and serum level of catalase, antioxidant capacity of total and malondialdehyde following uterine-placental insufficiency in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, UPI+NS (Utreoplacental insufficiency+normal saline), UPI+HES25 (Utreoplacental insufficiency+Hesperidin 25 mg/kg), and UPI+HES50 (Utreoplacental insufficiency+Hesperidin 50mg/kg), UPI+HES100 (Utreoplacental insufficiency+ Hesperidin 100mg/kg). UPI was induced by obstruction of the anterior uterine arteries on day 18 of gestation. Hesperidin or normal saline gavage was performed from day 12 to 18 of gestation. Evaluation of working memory, avoidant learning and anxiety-like behaviors and then evaluation of serum levels of catalase, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde content were performed in one-month-old pups. Results: There was a significant decrease in working and avoidance memory, catalase levels, total antioxidants capacity with increased levels of anxiety and malondialdehyde in the UPI+ NS group compared to the control group (P<0. 05). While in the HES-treated groups, there was a significant increase in working and avoidance memory, catalase level and total antioxidant capacity with a decrease in anxiety and malondialdehyde levels compared to the UPI+NS group (P<0. 05(. Conclusion: Hesperidin can improve memory and cognitive impairments in the model of uterine-placental insufficiency of rats by reducing oxidative stress damage.

Background: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the foundation of spermatogenesis, because they have the capacity of self-renewal, and differentiation into spermatozoa. Freezing is the most common long-term preservation approach for SSCs. The present study aimed to investigate the cryoprotective impacts of FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) and trehalose on caprine SSCs. Materials and Methods: SSCs were isolated from prepubertal goat testis by enzymatic digestion and differential plating. Cells were divided into 9 groups. The control group included SSCs without cryoprotective agents. In the treatment groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, concentration of 10% FBS, and various concentrations of trehalose (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM), and in the treatment groups 5, 6, 7, and 8, concentration of 20% FBS and various concentrations of trehalose (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM) were used respectively. The viability rate of the cells was assessed immediately after isolation, following addition of cryoprotectant agents and after thawing. Identification of cells was confirmed by immunocytochemical staining against PGP9. 5 antigen. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Results: The viability rate of SSCs in various treatments following addition of FBS and trehalose were similar to viable cells immediately after isolation. Furthermore, higher viability rates of SSCs after thawing were observed in freezing medium containing 10% FBS and 200 mM trehalose (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The results revealed that freezing in 10% FBS with 200 mM trehalose acts as efficient method for the cryopreservation of caprine SSCs.

Background: One of the problems after cryopreservation and ovarian tissue transplantation is ischemia followed by follicles mortality. In the present study, hyaluronic acid hydrogel was used to improve angiogenesis in vitrified ovarian tissue transplantation in rat. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 22 adult female rats (~8 weeks old) with normal estrous cycles were ovariectomized, then their right ovaries were vitrified and warmed into two groups without hyaluronic acid hydrogel (VT) and encapsulated with hyaluronic acid hydrogel (VT+HA) was autotransplanted into the dorsal muscle. Daily vaginal monitoring was performed until re-initiation of first full oestrus cycles. The ovaries were removed at the end of the first estrus cycle and angiogenesis genes VEGF, CD31 and CD34 evaluated by real time PCR. Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test and the significance level was considered P<0. 05. Results: All transplants were completely successful (100% successful transplant). There was no statistically significant difference in CD34 and CD31 genes between two groups. But VEGF gene expression was significantly lower in VT+HA group (0. 25± 0. 06) than VT group (1. 00± 0. 05) (P<0. 05). Thus, the VT group appeared more successful than the VT+HA group in expressing angiogenic genes at the end of the first estrus cycle. Conclusion: Hyaluronic acid hydrogel does not play any effective role in the growth and improvement of angiogenesis after transplantation in the short term. But due to the angiogenic property of hyaluronic acid, increasing the expression of angiogenic genes in the VT + HA group may need more time.

Background: Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) or Aspirin is one of the most widely used drugs in the world; one of its side effects is the male reproductive system alteration. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on ASA-induced reproductive system alteration in rats. Materials and Methods: In two stages, fifteen rats (N=15) were randomly divided into control (C, n=5), non-treatment (NT, n=5) and aerobic-treatment (AT, n=5) groups; the AT and NT groups used aspirin 12. 5 mg/kg-daily/five weeks. The AT group ran at moderate intensity on a rodent-treadmill/four weeks, five sessions a week. Groups C and NT did not receive any intervention. Serum testosterone level, spermatogenesis indices and sperm parameters of rats were evaluated and the data were analyzed by one-way variance and Tukey post-hoc-test at alpha level 0. 05 by SPSS. Results: Data statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of serum testosterone level (P=0. 02), sperm quantity (P=0. 0001), viability (P=0. 001), maturity (P=0. 0001), sperm DNA fracture (P=0. 002), TDI, SI and RI indices, tubule diameter (P=0. 0001), tubular epithelium thickness (P=0. 0001) and number of Leydig cells (P=0. 003), but there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of sperm motility (P=0. 07). Tukey post-hoc-test showed that these differences were between NT and AT groups, but no significant difference was observed between C and AT. Conclusion: It can be concluded that four-week moderate exercise helps accelerate the reproductive conditions recovery to just before taking acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) or Aspirin.

Background: Curcumin supplementation consumption is effective in reducing muscle damage and inflammation sport performance. This study aimed to effect of 8 weeks of curcumin supplementation consumption on muscle injury and inflammation following an acute session of strength activity in male futsal players. Materials and Methods: Twenty male futsal players (age (year): 26. 06± 3. 88 and BMI: 24. 4± 3. 17) volunteered to participate in the study and were randomly assigned to supplementation and control groups. Blood sampling was performed in four stages. After the first blood sampling from both supplementation and control groups, one acute session of circular strength training in 5 stations and 3sets with 75%1RM were performed. The second blood sampling was performed. Forty-eight hours later, the experimental group used 150 mg curcumin supplementation tablet, 3 days a week during 8 weeks. Forty-eight hours after the last using, blood sampling was performed in both groups. Both supplementation and control groups performed the second acute circular strength training and one hour later, the fourth stage blood sampling was performed. Control group consumed placebo during 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25 using mixed analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that 8 weeks curcumin supplementation consumption, significantly decreased creatine kinase, white blood cells, neutrophils and monocytes following acute second strength activity (P<0. 05). However, Lymphocytes did not change significantly (P>0. 05). Conclusion: It seems that curcumin supplementation consumption can reduce exercise-induced muscle injury and inflammation in male futsal players. So, it is recommended that male futsal coaches and players use curcumin supplements to reduce muscle damage and inflammation after an acute strength activity.

Background: Infertility is one of the most common human problems that affects the physical, mental and social health of individuals. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy based on belief to good on the mental health and marital quality of infertile women. Materials and Methods: The current study was a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of infertile women referring to Samen Medical Complex in Mashhad in 1398. Thirty people were selected voluntarily and randomly divided into experimental (N=15) and control (N=15) groups. The experimental group received treatment in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Data were collected using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scales (RDAS) in three time periods. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-26 and repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: Positive psychotherapy based on belief to good has played a significant effect on mental health index (P>0. 01) and marital quality (P>0. 01). In addition, mental health outcomes were stable up to one-month follow-up (P>0. 01). Conclusion: Positive psychotherapy based on belief to good is an effective way to increase mental health and improve the marital quality of infertile women.

Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder in children. Due to the high prevalence of the disorder and its psychological consequences and the lack of response to treatment in 20-30% of children to Ritalin, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Risperidone with Ritalin in the treatment of children with ADHD. Material and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 60 children aged 6 to 12 years with ADHD were randomly divided into Ritalin+placebo and Ritalin+Risperidone. The dose of Ritalin was started at 0. 5 mg/kg daily and increased to a maximum of 1 mg/kg. The dose of Risperidone was started at 0. 25 mg daily and given up to a maximum of 1 mg daily. The severity of hyperactivity with attention deficit was assessed using the ADHD rating scale questionnaire at baseline and weeks 2, 3, 4 and 6 after drug administration. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 26 using mixed ANOVA. Results: The results showed that the two groups had a significant improvement in terms of ADHD rating scale during 6 weeks of treatment (P<0. 001) but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion: Risperidone and Ritalin can be effective in treating children with ADHD and are well tolerated. Also, adding Risperidone to Ritalin can prevent side effects such as insomnia and anorexia and may require a lower dose of Ritalin to control symptoms.

Background: Due to the increasing rate of addiction and its destructive consequences, recognizing the factors that contribute to addiction tendency among adolescents can be a useful step toward prevention of addiction. Therefore, this present study aimed to investigate the moderating role of religious well-being and self-differentiation in the relationship between boredom and addiction tendency. Materials and Methods: The research design was correlational. The statistical population was high school male students in Nourabad at the academic year 1397-1398 that a total of 360 students were selected by cluster sampling. Data were collected using multi-dimensional religious well-being inventory, multidimensional scale of boredom, differentiation of self-inventory-revised, and addiction proneness scale. Then, collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and hierarchical linear regression. Results: The results showed a positive and significant relationship between boredom and addiction tendency (r=0. 44, P<0. 01), a negative and significant relationship between religious well-being and addiction tendency (r=-0. 29, P<0. 01) and between self-differentiation and addiction tendency (r=-0. 38, P<0. 01). Also, based on hierarchical regression’ results the moderating role of religious well-being (β =0. 16, P<0. 01) and self-differentiation (β =0. 25, P<0. 01) in the relationship between boredom and addiction tendency was confirmed. Conclusion: The present provided evidence for the moderating role of religious well-being and self-differentiation in the relationship between boredom and addiction proneness. Therefore, developing religious well-being and training self-differentiation among adolescents could be a good way to protect them in the face of boredom and addiction tendency.

Background: Due to the relatively high complications of hypospadias surgery, this survey aimed to resolve the incidence and risk factors for hypospadias surgery complications in children undergoing surgery at Aliasghar hospital in Tehran in 2017. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 90 children over six months who underwent surgical treatment of hypospadias. Information on risk factors was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire at the time of admission and at the time of discharge. Also, surgical complications were evaluated two weeks after surgery and up to one year after that and entered in a questionnaire. Findings were analyzed using t-test and chi-square test or Fisher Exact test. Results: The only surgical complication was urethrocutaneous fistula, which was seen in 18. 9% of patients. Risk factors associated with complications of hypospadias surgery include low birth weight, preoperative testosterone injection, presence of penoscrotal or scrotal hypospadias, Ducket`s surgical technique and Prolonged retention of the urinary catheter, but the age of the child at the time of surgery, gestational age, and family history of hypospadias were not associated with surgical complications. Conclusion: It is recommended to be more careful in terms of surgical technique, especially in children with low birth weight and penoscrotal or scrotal hypospadias, and if possible, avoid testosterone before surgery and Ducket`s technique for surgery.

Background: Asthma, as a physical disease, is influenced by psychological problems, and resilience is a positive adaptation to reacting to adverse conditions. This study aimed to resolve the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and self-care in patients with asthma. Materials and Methods: Research method of the present study is a descriptive-correlational study based on structural equation modeling technique. The statistical population of the study was all patients with asthma in the specialized asthma clinic of Sayad Shirazi hospital in Gorgan (N=200). According to the sample size, 127 people were selected through the Grace-Morgan table and entered the study. The research instruments were Simet et al. 's (1988) perceived social support scale, Connor and Davidson (2003) resilience questionnaire, and Niknam et al. 's (2013) self-care behavior questionnaire. For data analysis, path analysis method was used in Amos and SPSS-24 software. (Dates and dar Dastres have been neglected) Results: The results of model analysis showed that the initial model has a good fit with the data. The study of mediating role showed that resilience has a significant mediating role in the relationship between perceived social support and self-care behavior, also. Conclusion: These findings indicate that resilience and perceived social support are variables upsetting self-care of patients with asthma. These results have important implications for psychopathology, prevention and treatment of patients with asthma.

Background: Based on existing evidence, depression may be related to certain food cravings. Since there were few studies in Iran in this regard, present survey performed to evaluate the relationship between depression and food craving. Materials and methods: The study was cross-sectional and participants were 100 female students of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences in the year 2013 that were entered into the study by random sampling method. Depression was assessed by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire and food craving was evaluated by Food Craving Inventory (FCIPersian). Methods for statistical analysis include Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software. Results: The statistical significant correlation was not found between depression and food craving. However, depression had a significant positive correlation with jelly craving (r=0. 272 and P=0. 006) and significant inverse correlation with pickle craving. The correlation between food craving and BMI was not statistically significant. However, the mean BMI was associated with the cocoa chocolate craving (r=-0. 288, P=0. 004). Additionally, significant association was found between the days’ number after the start of menstruation and food craving to some items such as red meat, pasta and rice. Conclusion: It seems that the recommendation to consume foods with low carbohydrate and calorie content along with psychotherapy strategies to alleviate depression can maintain health in female students. In addition, pre-menstrual food cravings may be a physiological response of the body to supply of nutrients that play a role in relieving the physical and psychological symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

Background: Bowel obstruction is a common cause of emergency surgical interventions. The most common etiologies are adhesion bands, hernias, tumors, and in children, intussusception. Bezoar is an uncommon cause of bowel obstruction. Some fruits such as persimmon tend to form bezoars, and as this fruit is used ubiquitously in Iran, it was decided to evaluate the etiology and seasonal distribution of bowel obstruction in Kashan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on patients who were admitted due to intestinal obstruction in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, from 2012 to 2017. Relevant information including demographic data, etiology of bowel obstruction and the season of admission were obtained. Data were entered in SPSS software. For analysis, chi-squared test and Fisher test were used. Results: Three-hundred seventy patients with a mean age of 52. 07± 10. 05 years were included. Adhesion band was the most common etiology of bowel obstruction (26. 2%), followed by intussusception (8. 6%) and bezoar (7. 2%). Adhesion band was the most common etiology in all seasons; bezoars were more common in fall and winter (8. 7% and 7. 8%, respectively). Conclusion: Bezoar is a common cause of bowel obstruction in Kashan. As a higher incidence was observed in fall and winter, it is probably associated with ingestion of bezoar-inducing fruits such as persimmon. According to this high incidence and associated morbidity and mortality, preventive measures, including patient education and improvement of dental health seem to be essential.

Background: Recently in 2019, a novel virus from coronavirus family (Sars-CoV-2) was introduced in China. ACE2 is a zinc metalloprotease played role in the angiotensin system. Earliest reports indicate that 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV tend to cells that express ACE2 on their surface. ACE2 is expressed in the female reproductive system, and therefore can help Sars-CoV-2 to enter this system and cause infertility or other disorders of the female reproductive system. Materials and Methods: In July 2020, it was researched on the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Articles were excluded that had an unrelated title or abstract. Finally, the studies that were most relevant to our research subject were selected. Results: Studies to date up to now have shown an invasion of new coronavirus into female reproductive system. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to impair female fertility. With the assist of ACE2, the virus which invades the female genital tissues, can upset the process of steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis and ovulation, and may eventually lead to menstrual irregularities, miscarriages and even infertility. To date, there have been no reports of coronavirus in the female reproductive system, although at present, there is no evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 virus uses ACE2 receptors in the reproductive system or how they moderate oocyte quality, ensuing pregnancy or fetal growth.