The Financial Accounting and Auditing Researches
Year:2022 | Volume:13 | Issue:4 (52)|Papers Count:10

Internal audit is one of the most important and main mechanisms for more effective, efficient, and better implementation of corporate governance to achieve organizational goals and improve corporate performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between internal audit performance quality and corporate governance quality with corporate performance and also to investigate the effect of internal audit performance quality on the relationship between corporate governance quality and corporate performance. To achieve this goal, three hypotheses were designed. The statistical population of this research is the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1391 to 1398. To measure the quality of corporate governance, indicators of the percentage of ownership of institutional shareholders, the independence of board members, and the use of financial and accounting professionals in the composition of board members have been used. Also, to measure the quality of performance of the internal audit unit, indicators expertise of the internal audit unit manager, the antiquity of the internal audit unit and the outsourcing status of the internal audit unit have been used. The results of this study showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the quality of performance of the internal audit unit and the quality of corporate governance with the performance of the corporate. However, the quality of performance of the internal audit unit does not have a moderating effect on the relationship between the quality of corporate governance and firm performance.

Increasingly, researchers in both psychology and accounting have recognized the importance of personality biases and personality traits, moods, and emotions in decision making. The present study aimed to explore the effects of psychological bias and personality dimensions of auditors on audit quality. In order to measure the biases of overconfidence, optimism, ambiguity tolerance and the five dimensions of personality we used standard psychological questionnaires and modified Jones model was used to measure audit quality. The statistical population of the study consisted of the auditors (directors/partners) in the trusted audit agencies of the Iranian stocks market, besides the listed companieson the stock exchange which were audited by the said audit agencies. The financial statements of these companies for the year 1397 were examined cross-sectionally and eight hypotheses were determined. TheJarkbra test showed that seven of the eight independent variables were abnormal. Using the least squares test, the research model was fitted based on which five hypotheses have been confirmed and three hypotheses have been rejected. Then Pagan Godfrey test proved the variance inequality. The results of hypotheses testing indicated significant effect by psychological bias on the audit quality, but indicated no significant effect by personality dimensions on the audit quality.

Monitoring the financial performance of the government will enable governments to implement and implement fiscal policies and financial and economic decisions and ultimately economic and social development. Identify key and effective factors to change the financial performance system in the public sector from the traditional control method to the concept new control can help improve the well-being and well-being of individuals, groups, organizations and society. Therefore, the present study aims to identify key factors in monitoring and evaluating the financial performance of the public sector and increase accountability and transparency in this sector to provide an effective model for monitoring and evaluating the financial performance of the public sector in performance-based budgeting and among the qualitative research strategies The foundation was used And developed a comprehensive model that includes causal factors, intervention factors, contextual factors, strategies and consequences of providing an effective model for monitoring and evaluating the financial performance of the public sector in performance-based budgeting. The research tool was interview and data saturation was obtained based on 15 interviews using snowball sampling method. A total of 10 categories and 213 concepts were identified and placed in 6 categories of Strauss-Corbin model. In the proposed model, 10 central codes of "legal and regulatory factors", "organizational structure and culture", "financial and budgetary factors", "structural factors of monitoring and evaluation", "content and managerial factors of monitoring", "motivational and psychological factors" "Technology and information factors", "economic factors", "political and international factors" and "cultural, social factors" are considered in the model and causal factors, context conditions, interventionist conditions, consequences and strategies are considered. Certainly other components and indicators can be identified that, despite much effort, remain hidden and can be discovered, which in this respect the present study has been limited.

Intercultural research in societies showed that the development and evolution of accounting in any society depends on environmental and social factors of that society. Any insight into how values can be impacted through accounting behavior and ultimately the impact of financial disclosure is important to ensure comparability of financial reporting. For this reason, in this study, the effect of organizational culture characteristics on the relationship between profit management and readability of financial reports in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2011 to 2018 is investigated. To measure the organizational culture variable, the Globe questionnaire, the readability variable of financial reports, Fogg index and the profit management variable, Kazink model have been used. The results show that futurism, gender equality, assertiveness, extra-group collectivism, intra-group collectivism and altruism affect the relationship between earnings management and the readability of financial statements. The effect of the control variable was positive and insignificant company size and positive and significant financial leverage.

Audit quality is very important. Audit quality is one of the most important issues in auditing that laws, standards, auditing firms and academic researchers seek to determine its indicators. This affects the market value of companies and is so important that in addition to auditors and researchers, it also forces users of audited financial statements to explore reports to gain more confidence. Social responsibility affects the value creation of companies, Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of audit quality on companies' value added (market value added and economic value added) with emphasis on the mediating role of social responsibility in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population of this research is all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and the statistical sample includes 101 listed companies (1010 years-company) in the period 2009 to 2019. In order to analyze the data, structural equivalence method (SEM), SPSS and Smart PLS softwares has been used. The results showed that in Tehran Stock Exchange, auditing quality has a positive and significant effect on value added(Market value added and economic value added) as well as, social responsibility. In addition, social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on the value added of companies. Another finding of the study is that social responsibility, as a mediating variable, affects the relationship between audit quality and value added of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange andIts mediating role is confirmed. The results indicate thatwith increasing social responsibility, the performance of companies is greatly improved. Auditors will use these findings to play a better role in social responsibility and managers to select better economic performance criteria.

In recent years, the quality of audit documentation and its impact on audit quality in auditing standards (such as PCAOB Standard 3) has received more attention. According to auditing standards, audit documentation is the record of audit procedures performed relevant audit evidence obtained, and conclusions the auditor reached. The importance of audit documentation is determined by the need to provide evidence that corroborates the auditor's opinion, as well as to provide information about the various stages of the audit process. The present study aims to design a model of audit documentation quality with a grounded theorizing approach. The research method is qualitative. In order to conduct in-depth and semi-structured interviews, 16 partners of audit firms, directors of the audit organization and financial managers of companies were selected through a purposeful process. The research findings were identified as a paradigm model with 14 categories for causal conditions, 6 categories for context conditions, 6 categories for intervening conditions, 6 categories for strategy and 3 categories for consequences related to the main research phenomenon. The results showed that the quality of audit documentation and its evaluation is complex and multifaceted in nature and in addition to personality and auditor characteristics, it is also affected by the micro and macro environment around the audit field. Accordingly, in order to comprehensively examine the issue, various aspects have been examined in developing the quality model of audit documentation.

Bank's financial strength become a major concept on banking literature during the past few years and CAMELS is a common approach to measure it. Financial strength not only helps banks to meet legal obligations but also increases their stability in banking crises. We improve a developed model using CAMELS approach and combine it with Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) with Simulated Weights to release its limitation and measure financial strength of 24 Iranian banks. As a result this paper prepares a proposed method to monitor and increase bank's financial strength.

In this study, the model of barth et. al (2001) was applied for predicting banks, future operational cash flows and for calculating fair value of loans was applied the model of Tschirhart et al. (2007). The hypotheses of the study were tested through the panel data gathered from 18 listed banks in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this researchoperational cash flows of one and two future-year of banks are considered. The findings of the first hypothesis of the research indicated that with 90% assurance only changes of fair value has a significant and negative relation with one year-future operational cash flows and changes of cost of loans has no effect. The findings of the second hypothesis of the research indicated that with 90% assurance both changes of fair value and changes of cost of loanshave a significant and negative relation with two year-future operational cash flows.

Publicfinancial management includes a set of in accounting systems, procedures and rules, financial reporting, budgeting, auditing and internal control in order to use financial resources efficiently and effectively, promote transparency and accountability in the public sector. The purpose of this studyto identify and examine the dimensions of the modern public financial management model. In this study, the qualitative method and contextapproach have been used. The required information collected and analyzed in 1398 throughsemi-structured interviews with 37 experts. The analysis of the interviews, due to the increase in citizens' expectations and legal and international requirements and severe limitations of financial resources in the country, reforms are needed in the general financial management systems, including budgeting, service pricing system, tax system, system urnover and performance management system. It is alsonecessary to separate policy from implementation, improve audit and internal control systems, and manage resource consumption to move toward modern public financial management. Of course, in this regard, the impact of factors such as culture, norms and values, leadership management, political involvement and the existence of capacity and capabilities such as equipment and technology, integrated information systems and organizational structure reform, decentralization and flexibility and system establishment Motivate and amend laws, regulations and procedures. Reforming the public financial management system leads to increased transparency and accountability, increased social welfare, reduced corruption and poverty, increased productivity, citizenship and reduced bureaucracy and good governance.

In the present paper, the role of auditing financial statements in improving the company's business credit in the framework of contract theory has been discussed. The statistical population in this research is all companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. According to the criteria and systematic deletion, 172 companies have been selected as the sample in this research. The result of testing the research hypotheses shows that the quality of the independent auditor and the quality of the audit of the financial statements improve the company's Commercial Credit, and this relationship is adjusted and curtailed by the contractionary monetary policy of the state. Further findings indicate that the audited opinion is not affected by the company's corporate credibility.