HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA
Year:2004 | Volume:- | Issue:17|Papers Count:10

Although the word "beauty" is frequently used and applied to a wide range of things, concepts and phenomena, proposing a comprehensive definition of this term seems difficult. One way of introducing a topic in these cases is to explore relevant evidences or explain relative criteria. In an attempt to clarify the meaning of beauty and especially that of Kaba, defining an evidence of beauty (Kaba) and specially comparing the criteria of beauty may be helpful. Considering different levels of beauty, the article will make an endeavor to study the beauty of Kaba as an element designed by Allah, established by prophets, being cicumambulation by Allahs servants. Moreover Muslim pray toward it and it has been an inspiration for gnostics, philosophers, learned persons and artists throughout history. The beauty aspects of Kaba can be classified into three groups: general factors and criteria accepted and introduced by religions and traditional societies proving the contemplative beauty of Kaba, general factors and criteria that introduce its sensible beauty and criteria arising from Islamic teachings manifesting Kabas specific beauty.

Among basic needs of human being, housing is an important factor and its quality, quantity and location characteristics depend on the health of people. In Iran the 5-year developmental plans include the quantity of needed units of housing, but the process of preparing these plans involve some critical points which are debatable, for example in the second 5"year plan needed housing units are estimated as 2.5 million units, and Ministry of Housing and Urban Development has undertaken only 5% and the 95% remaining units have been given over to the private sector without any definition and legislation. The result of the work of private sector at the five years were the high-rise buildings for the rich people without development of the infrastructure and network of traffic routs. At the West European countries they proceed with housing policy with four kinds of policy-making: Rightism, leftism, mediocrity and Tacherism. This article aims to compare these policies with urban policy of Iran and the results may be useful for further policy-making in Iran.

Housing is one of the most important and most effective sectors of development as a whole, and the process of housing planning is a crucial issue. Initiation of a comprehensive housing plan needs a full recognition and deep analysis of its various aspects. Recognition and analysis of housing indicators as key planning instruments can be the most sensitive steps of the planning. A general review of the housing plans in Iran shows some weaknesses. The plans not only have not included a complete number of key indicators, but also the indicators have not been analyzed deeply in the process of planning. Housing indicators can present the situation and indicate the negative and positive points of housing sector. Based on the findings of this paper, housing indicators can be classified and analyzed in the contexts of economic, social and physical aspects, although some indicators play multi functions roles. The number of. selected housing indicators must be comprehensive so that they cover all aspects of housing. They must also be deeply analyzed in the process of housing planning. This process of using housing indicators would increase the efficiency of housing policies and plans.

The earthquake that stroke the Bam Region in the Kerman Province on the 25 of December 2003, left more than 25,000 this national catastrophe is that not only the traditionally constructed buildings, but also the newly built steel and concrete buildings were seriouslydamagedin this earthquake. Undoubtedly, deficiencies in each of the planning, design, engineering calculations, executionandsupervisionphasesofthebuilding construction has significantly contributed to this disaster. However, the construction and its supervision, as compared to the other phases is of utmost importancebecauseof the fact that in these phases people with no specialties are involved and therefore inadequacies and shortcomings are covered up. people dead and ruined the City of barn and its surrounding villages. What is of importance and noticeable in In this research attention has been given to Strucrural elements and the connections in the joints as per specifications of the Iranian Building Code for designing earthquake resistant structures and by utilizing the evidences depicted in the pictures taken from the buildings in Bam the inappropriate construction practices has been elaborated.

In recent years not only because of minimizing heat losses but also for reduction of earthquake damages "Lightness and Thermal insulation" are the main factors considered in the application of nonstructural building materials. For this reason many building materials and components such as segment, board and slab made by Mineral fiber (Glass wool, Rock wooL..), Vegetable Materials, Cellular Concrete, Polystyrene Gypsum, are used frequently, however, they have some drawbacks. This paper tries to evaluate specification, and the applicability building materials made of vegetable specially Reed-pressboard in the construvtion industry. This paper shows that the use of reed pressboard in construction industry due to its light weight its cost efficiency and the possibility of its production under different climactic conditions needs be further explored and by standardizing its characteristics be widely used in the construction industry.

Architecture and industrial design have always been inseparably related due to their continuous effect on and their dominance over human life. Therefore it is essential to examine closely the different aspects of this affiliation and the influences that have brought it about. This paper sets out to investigate the common aspects of these two arts by presenting a coherent definition of industrial design and its formation process. The influences that have led to the strength of the relationship between architecture and industrial design are analysed. In conclusion, the role of the Industrial Designer in relation to the architectural field and its importance in the particular situation of our country is explained.

ny visual communication artwork is made up of three elements which are "the creator, the respondent and the artistic artwork itself in three vertexes of a triangle. We are able to analysis each of these vertexes. using a theory and the elements of that theory; as we can criticize the artistic and literary artworks. The theories related to "the creator" are not so important for analyzing visual communication artworks. As in reviewing "the effects of visual communication artworks" the quality of effectiveness of the artworks is the most important goal for creator, so more attention is being paid to these two latest elements which are "the respondent" and "artwork". In all types of arts such as the art of "visual communication", the factor of artwork is a valuable thing to be mentioned, from the view point of "formalism theory". This article is pointing out the quality of studying the visual communication artworks for analyzing, and mentioning that the best way is a relative studying which is a combination of "reader response theory" and "formalism . According to such an ordered and professional analysis and also related to the importance of the vertexes of the triangle, we can not completely avoid "the creator" or "respondent" of the artwork for any field of art.

The present article, compiled on the basis of the librarious method, introduces the Mudejars and deals with their role in the artistic life of the society of the Middle Ages Spain. It is,in fact,an analysis of the interactions between Islamic and Christian civilizations in the Iberia Peninsula.This study points to the attempts the Mudejars made in architecture and other arts to combine Islamic heritage with Christian designs and created patterns which were in proportion to the circumstances of that time. By doing this, the Mudejars aimed at drawing the support from the Christian patricians and rulers. This art was begun that although by the Mudejars in order to the retention of Islamic patterns in the Christian territory but it was recognized gradually as simply indigenous. The writer shows that in general Mudejar art and architecture involves poor rather than sumptuous materials. Moreover,in this assay,we have reminded that in spite of their hostility towards the Muslim minorities the Christian rulers didnt neglect their artistic skills and therefore used the abilities of their Muslim subjects. Thus the Mudejars had a considerable contribution to the expansion of the artistic traditions in Spain.

Iranian culture and islamic Belives are the main source of iranian music. Therefor the cos of the evolution of iranian music should be found in it"s inwardness and the islamic theosophy is the main source of the syntax of iranian traditional music. Islamic wisdom has two major effect on iranian music firstly prepare a productive language between educators and students. Secondly prepare a useful communication between Iranian music swells and their addressees. Thus the Islamic believes and Iranian tradition is the main outlines of the syntax of pioneer iranian music. Iranian music has two famous branches which are been usually used by music masterfuls. ln spite of some deductive shortsighted approaches, both of them have Islamic resources However the main part of Iranian music evolution has been occured in Islamic period. We can address a considerable number of famous clergymans whom know music as well as theology. In order to clarify the new way of avant-gard music, Iranian tradition and Islamic beliefs should be accurately scrutinized. Path of progress and rehabilitation of Iranian music can be followed only through Islamic believes. Therefore, Islamic theosophy, Iranian culture and our inveterate traditional music are the primary and constant source of Iranian music inspirations and the outlines of the syntax of avant-gard music which are able to clarify new horizons of Iranian avant-garde music.