Hormozgan Medical Journal
Year:2001 | Volume:5 | Issue:1|Papers Count:16

This study was designed to detect the effect of ethnicity, average length of active phase, second stage and third stage in labour duration in healthy parturients of Bandar Abbas. A sample of 795 healthy 13-15 years old parturients with singelton term infants, without any drug, oxygen, conducted anesthesia, previous caesarian delivery, forceps or vacuum:application was collected and the length of active phase, second and third stages were measured to compare with labor lengths in other nations. Furthermore, an partogram based on the data was made to compare our findings with other populations. The results showed that active phase average was 4.9 hours (SD=3) for primiparas and 2.8 hours (SD=2) for multiparas. Second stage average duration for primiparous and multiparous was 30 minutes (SD=24) and 10 minutes (SD=9.3), respectively. Compare to Friedman study population, Bandar Abbas parturients showed significantly shorter duration of second stage for both groups (p<0.0001 for primiparas and p<0.0005 for multiparas) whereas, duration of third stage and active phase were significantly longer (p<0.0005 & p<0.01, respectively) in multiparas, but did not showed any significant difference in primiparas (p<0.05). Moreover, the shape of dilatation per hour in (partogram) was identical to that of Friedman study. In comparison with other populations, duration of first stage and second stage were shorter (p<0.0005) but third stage was longer (p<0.0005). In conclusion, it seems that labour procedure should be partially managed with respect to ethnicity and race.  

G6PD deficiency is a red cell enzymopathy which is very frequent in certain Persian Gulf area and Mediterranean countries. A relatively high incidence of fauvism and neonatal jaundice carried us to study the prevalence of enzyme deficiency in Hormozgan province with about 1.2 million populations. 811 males between 15-20 years old were studied randomly from Bandar Abbas, Haji-Abad, Bandar- Lengeh, Rodan, Minab, Jask and Gheshm Island. G6PD activity in red cells measured by WHO recommended method and classified in five classes according to their anemia and G6PD activity level as WHO reference. The study showed 5 cases (0.6%) in class I, 115 cases (14.2%) in class II, 131 cases (16.2%) in class III, 559 cases(68.9%) in class IV and I case(O.1%) in class V. The average hemoglobin level in class I was 10.2± 0.6 gm/dl. The highest rates for each class were class I (1.8%) and class III(18.5%) in Gheshm island, class II(23.8%) in Haji-Abad, and class IV(77.1 %) in Bandar Lengeh; This study proved that the species found in Bandar-Lengeh had the least clinical symptoms among 'the existing varieties. Km NADP in class II was 9.1 ±7.15 µmol/L, in class III 3±0.9 µmol/Land in class IV 3.6±1.8 µmol/L, While, Km G6P in class II, Ill, IV were 31.±12.8 µmol/L,44.8±10.7 µmol/L and 50.5±12.5 µmol/L, respectively. Except for class I carriers, which showed mild chronic anemia, the rest of cases did not have Remarkable clinical symptom. Some cases mentioned jaundice in childhood. MCV was also measured in different classes, but that excluded from our discussion due to high prevalence of alpha and beta thalassemia.    

Tuberculosis is the main infectious cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. One of the basic methods of the diagnosis of T.B is evaluation of radiological manifestations of the patients. Considering that Hormozgan is among the areas with high prevalence of T.B, by evaluation of radiological manifestations of patients with pulmonary T.B, its prevalence, with respect to some factors such as: age, sex, sputum examination, association with AIDS and prevalence in certain groups such as prisoners was investigated. On the other hand, this study was aimed to help evaluation and earlier diagnosis of the patients. First chest X-Ray of a total of 262 new cases of pulmonary T.B. who referred to Bandar Abbas health center was reviewed. Results showed that 74.8% of the patients were male andJ25.3% female. 12 patients (4.58%) were in the pediatric age group. 5 patients (1.9%) had military T.JB. 2 cases (0.7%) were accompanied with AIDS. 57 patients (22%) were prisoners and 172 patients (65.7 %) had positive AFB. Prevalence of radiological manifestations in these 262 patients were: Infiltration 86.25 %, cavity 49.62 %, pleural thickening 44.27%, calcification 35.11 %, fibrosis 31.24%, atelectasis 19.8%, lymphadenopathy 18.32%, hydro thorax 13.74%, bronchiectasis 2.24% and tuberculoma 1.9%.    

The importance and necessity of labeled and unlabeled antibodies in various biomedical fields and their significance in clinical diagnosis, prompted us to design a research protocol to produce HRP (horse radish peroxidase) and FITC (fluprescinisothiocyanate) conjugated goat anti-human I gm. Human IgM was prepared from the sera of patients with multiple myeloma by Gel filtration technique. The purity of IgM was analyzed by immunoelectrophoresis. Chain was prepared on a sephadex Gl00 column using dithiotritol as a reductant. For immunization, goats were kept under appropriate conditions. Immunization was performed intramuscularly by injecting of 2 mg of chain in 1 ml freunds complete adjuvant. The immunization was repeated on days 14 and 75 with the same antigen but with freunds incomplete adjuvant. During the immunization period, titers of antisera were measured by the indirect ELISA method. The highest titer of Antibody was detected 10 days following the last immunization at which time goats were bled and IgG fraction was separated using caprylic acid procedure. Conjugation of IgG with HRP was performed by use of sodium periodate. No cross-linker reagent was employed for FITC conjugation. For the detection of FITC-conjugated antibody titer, immunofluorescence method was used. For titration of HRP-conjugated antibody, immunoperoxidase and ELISA methods were employed. Specificity, lack of cross reaction and suitable titer, altogether suggested that these products can easily be replaced for the reagents which are currently purchased from outside the country for immunological tests such as ELISA, IFA, IEP and immunohistochemistry techniques.  

Considering the importance of preterm birth as one of the most important causes of prenatal mortality, this cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate prenatal mortality in a 12-month period in Dr. Shariati training Hospital in Bandar Abbas. During this period, a total number of 357 prenatal births out of 5183 deliveries occurred in the hospital. It was found that although preterm babies made 6.9% of all deliveries, they were responsible for 35.3% of prenatal deaths. Four main causes of preterm births in women with consecutive deliveries in the hospital were premature rupture of membranes (32.8%), spontaneous preterm labour (29.5%), pregnancy induced hypertension (16.2%) and antepartum hemorrhage (11.7%). The commonest causes in singleton pregnancies were premature rupture of membranes (32.4 %) and spontaneous preterm labour (28.5%), Unlike multiple pregnancies, spontaneous preterm labour (40.7%) was more common than premature rupture of the membrane (37%). Moreover no significant difference in prenatal mortality rates was found in two group (P > 0.05). Whereas there was a significant relationship between gestational age and prenatal mortality (P<0.05). As the most prevalent causes of preterm births were premature rupture of membrane and spontaneous preterm labour, more researches are recommended to find out the prediction markers of these causes.  

The investigation aimed to study, the role of alpha-2 adrenoceptors on anesthesia, by using dexmedetomidine (a novel alpha-2 adrenoceptors agonist). We implanted a guidecannula on the surface of male rats, (weighing 250 to 300 gr). The injection of dexmedetomidine (100, 50, 25 ug/kg) produced dose-depended anesthesia, with a significant difference between them (p < 0.0 1). The anesthesia produced by dexmedetomidine (JP) could be reversed by yohimbine (1 mg/kg ip) (alpha-2 adrenoceptors antagonist) (p < 0.01). Also LC.V injection of dexmedetomidine (20, 10 and 7.5 g/7 1) produced dose-depended anesthesia, which could be reversed by yohimbine(5g/71-I.C.V) (p< 0.01). Our results showed that dexmedetomidine produced dose-depended anesthesia by using alpha-2 adrenoceptors. The I.C.V injection of dexmedetomidine (20 and 10 g / 7 L) in spinal rats produced dose-depended analgesia, which could be reversed by the I.C.V injection of yohimbine (5 g / 7 L) (p<0.01). Thus our results suggested that dexmedetomidine produced dose-depended anesthesia by using supra spinal alpha-2 adrenoceptors.  

Suffering from decubitus ulcer is one of the major problems of patients in bed. This quasi-experimental study is carried out to determine the effectiveness of sheep skin in preventing decubitus ulcer in patients with CNS disease or damage in Mashhad teaching hospitals. A total of 52 patients were chosen and randomly divided to two experimental and control groups. The criteria for choosing samples were a score of at most 16, based on Norton questionar. Data containing history of each patient, was collected by a questioner and two different check-lists which were about vital signs and Norton scales for skin assessment. The results showed that 11.5% of experimental group and 38.5% of control group developed decubitus ulcer which, was significantly different. (P < 0.05)  

Education and preparation of physicians for suitable diagnosis and treatment of diseases are the main target of medical colleges. With regard to importance of adjustment of educational content with community needs and high prevalence of infectious disease, this study was designed to measure knowledge of general practitioners of Shiraz health centers about diagnosis, treatment and prevention of four prevalent infectious diseases (tuberculosis, brucellosis, typhoid fever, dysentery). In this cross sectional study, a multiple choice questionnaire was used to investigate knowledge about diagnosis, treatment, prevention and referral of four prevalent infectious diseases. Results showed no significant relationship between knowledge about the mentioned diseases and place of education (p > 0.05). Physician knowledge was more about dysentery (in comparison to other three diseases) (p < 0.05). Rate of physician's correct answers to questions about brucellosis, tuberculosis, typhoid fever and dysentery were 42.7%, 41.02%, 32.05% and 65.32%, respectively. Physicians knowledge about treatment was better than that of prevention (p < 0.05). Whereas, physicians knowledge about four prevalent infectious disease was not in an acceptable level, so it is necessary to reevaluate education of infectious diseases in university education programs.