Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Year:2016 | Volume:19 | Issue:15 |Papers Count:3

Introduction: Cesarean section is a surgery which has an important role in decreasing maternal and fetal morbidity in some special deliveries. But, it should be noted that infection due to caesarean section is one of the major cause of maternal morbidity and antibiotics are effective in prophylaxis of infection. This study was performed with aim to determine the necessary duration of antibiotic therapy to reduce infections in cesarean section.Methods: This randomized clinical trial, case-control study was performed on 204 women who were candidate for non-emergency cesarean section in Shohadaye Khalije Fars, Bushehr from 2014 to 2015. They were randomly divided to intervention (received single dose of prophylactic antibiotic after clamping umbilical cord) and control (received single dose of prophylactic antibiotic plus seven days of antibiotic after surgery) groups. They were assessed during 48 h after hospitalization in terms of fever, chills, cellulitis, discharge from incision site, uterine tenderness and they were also followed one week after discharge by referring to the clinic or hospital. Their infants were also evaluated during mother's hospitalization and also when referring by mother in terms of neonatal outcomes such as diarrhea, rash, and oral candidiasis. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software (version 18) and independent t-test, Chi-square and Fisher's exact test.Results: There was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in term of maternal complications including urinary tract infection by urine analysis (P=0.118), urine culture (P=0.180), metritis (P=0.622) and surgical site infection (P=0.076). Neonatal complications including diarrhea (P=0.621), rash (P=1).and oral candidiasis (P=1) has no significant difference between intervention and control groups.Conclusion: Single dose antibiotic can be used instead of seven day regimen of antibiotics to reduce the infection in non-emergency cesarean sections.

Introduction: Assessment of vital signs is essential in determining the patient's health status. Change in vital signs can be the symptoms of the body's response to physical and psychological stress or changes in physiological functioning of the body. The massage-therapy helps to the improvement of nervous and car diovascular system and cause a feeling of well­ being, relaxation and comfort in the patient. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to determine the effect of massage on vital signs of women after cesarean section.Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 80 women referred to Mashhad Omolbanin hospital in 2013. The participants were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. The intervention was hand and foot massage which was conducted by researcher for 20 minutes on the hands and feet of women after cesarean section each for 5 minutes in the women's surgical ward. Then their vital signs were measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer and counting pulse and respiration were measured before and immediately, 60 and 90 minutes after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16) and Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, analysis of variance with repeated measures, and Paired t-test.Results: Hand and foot massage caused significant decrease in vital signs, so that mean number of breathing (P=0.03), pulse (P=0.003) and blood pressure (P=0.02) showed significant difference before and after massage (immediately, 60 and 90 minutes).Conclusion: Hand and foot massage improves the womenʹ vital signs after caesarean section that can indicate relaxation and reducing stress on them.

Introduction: Identification of prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B (HBV) in pregnant women is very important as a major source of infection in HBV prevention program. Therefore, this review study was performed with aim to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B (HBV) infection in pregnant women of Iran.Methods: Current study was conducted based on PRISMA checklist for systematic review and meta-analysis studies. To access to the English and Persian documents, two independent authors searched Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Web of Science (ISI), Springer, Online Library Wiley, Magiran, Iranmedex, SID, Medlib, IranDoc and also Google Scholar search engine without any time limitation to January 2016 by using mesh keywords including: Prevalence, Hepatitis, Pregnant women, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, HBsAg, and HBeAg. Data was analyzed using the fixed-effects model via Stata software (Version 11.1).Results: A total of 36 eligible studies with sample size of 64, 193 pregnant women in Iran, HBV prevalence was estimated 0.5%. Minimum and maximum of this range were related to the North (0.4%) and East (1.6%) of the Iran. HBV prevalence in urban and rural pregnant women was estimated 1.1 and 1.2%, respectively. The prevalence of HBeAg, HBeAb, HBsAb in pregnant women of Iran were calculated 0.05, 0.05 and 40%, respectively. Among the risk factors, illiteracy, abortion, history of blood transfusion and husband addiction were significant related with prevalence of HBV (P<0.05), but this relationship was not statistically significant with urban residency, job, history of surgery and tattoos (P>0.05).Conclusion: The lowest prevalence of HBV in Iran was related to pregnant women and less than the general population. History of blood transfusions, husband addiction, illiteracy and abortion are associated with HBV in Iranian pregnant women.