WOMENS STUDIES
Year:2019 | Volume:17 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:7

Folkloric lullabies form an important part of the oral and linguistic literature of every culture and society. This section of oral literature, due to the close relationship with women, is a valuable resource for understanding women social and cultural status in traditional and pre-modern societies. This study, based on feminist approach, focused on gender, explores the context of Sabzevar's lullabies. The method of this research was qualitative approach of ethnography to access first hand data. The results of this article suggest that lullabies in traditional and patriarchal societies are among the few foundations for women to move in opposition to the dominant discourse of society. In folkloric lullabies, women are empowered to recognize their social status and their experience of living in patriarchal society and to reduce and relieve tensions and pressures as active subjects in the maledominated discourses.

Divorce, with its increasing rate, is still an important social problem to investigate. Due to importance of family for its members and society, any disintegration of it can be serious. Women and their reasons to initiate the divorce is a crucial topic to be studied. This study has investigated gender and its changes over time as well as transitions in identity and agency of women. Besides, it focuses on narratives of divorce from women’ s perspective. For this purpose, a sample of 28 women with at least one experience of marriage and divorce were selected. The findings show that there are three stages in women’ s narration about marriage and divorce; none-calm entrance, perilous continuation and stressful exit. This situation occurs on an intersection of the role of individual (woman) and structure (gender) in three stages including prior to marriage, during marital life and the beginning of divorce. Women’ s narration of divorce has focused on the important of gender roles changes in providing the opportunity to terminate the marital life.

In current study, using the theories of Foucault, Gaffman, Weber and other feminists, the sociological analysis of the factors associated with body management has been addressed. The statistical population includes Tabriz women and girls who were members of the city sports clubs, at the time of the research. A randomized, multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 377 people and data was collected through a researcher-made questionnaire. Based on the results, mean body management in the samples was 89 and subsequently the rate of body management in the 80% of respondents is moderate to high. The results of bivariate analysis also indicate that body management varies according to some variables such as age, marital status, education, job status, and income. In addition, there is a reverse relationship between both gender roles and religiosity with body management, and direct and significant relationship between the variable of sense of regulatory pressure and body management. Based on the path analysis, the variables of religiosity and the sense of normative pressure, both directly and through influencing the gender roles, have affected the level of body management. Generally, these variables can predict 35. 5% of body management changes.

The lifestyle reflects the preferences of individuals that appear in different aspects of leisure, music, clothing, makeup and etc. This study aims at looking deeply into the implications of girls' clothing in a particular social and cultural context in Shahindej city. This research, using a set of theories from thinkers like Baudrillard, Cheney and Fredstone, has attempted to offer a conceptual formulation for clothing. This research has been conducted with qualitative approach of Grounded theory in which, in-depth interviews and collaborative observations were used for data collection. The research sample is based on a combination of targeted sampling method (with maximum variability (and theoretical (with theoretical saturation standard) in which finally a sample of eighteen was selected. The number of concepts constructed at this stage is 274 major concepts, 28 central topics, 9 main categories and one core category. The main categories are: clothing as representation of identity, dress as play of signs, dress as representation of meta-reality, relativity of clothing, clothing and reconstruction of social values, clothing and management of will and pleasure, clothing and body management, clothing and representations of reference group and expression of resistance. The core category of the research is meaning of dress in presence of "significant others".

Considering humans as one of the most important resources of the organization, using their knowledge is of high value in every organization. The current study considers the effect of cooperative organizational atmosphere on sharing knowledge with the moderating role of intrinsic motivation and job autonomy in female professors of Allameh Tabataba’ i University. The study is a descriptive survey on 97 female professors of Allameh Tabataba’ i University. Reliability and validity of the research tool were tested using factor loading, Coronbach’ alpha, composite reliability, face validity, convergent validity, and divergent validity. Data was analyzed using SPSS and Smart-pls. The results of the research showed that the cooperative organizational atmosphere has a considerable positive effect on knowledge sharing of the faculty members of Allameh Tabataba'i University. The intrinsic motivation has a moderating role in the relationship between cooperative organizational atmosphere and sharing knowledge, while Job autonomy doesn’ t play any role in moderating the relationship between the cooperative organizational atmosphere and knowledge sharing.

Women innately are attracted into bearing children and experiencing motherhood. Being a mother is aspiration of many women, and those who are not able to get pregnant and bear a child will have more societal repercussions and personal suffering. The present study aims to investigate the effect of religion and stress tolerance on predicting the mental security of infertile women. This is a descriptive research on women seeking treatment for infertility in Novin Infertility Treatment Center of Mashhad. To this end, 89 infertile women, eligible to participate in the study were selected using convenience sampling method. Data was collected using spiritual attitude scale for religious desires, Maslow scale for in-depth study of mental security and Simon's scale for stress tolerance. The findings of the research show that between two aspects of religion, the spiritual power, and between dimensions of stress tolerance, attraction and evaluation, can significantly predict mental security. Religion and emotional stress tolerance affect mental security of infertile women in a way that reliance on God and spiritual resources can increase people's mental security and therefore, they will have a greater sense of control and mastery in hard circumstances.

Today, Social networks have provided their users with new chance of connecting with people with easy and instant communication tools. Despite their benefits, they may harm their users in different ways. In present study, the relationship between harmful use of these social media by mothers and their marital satisfaction, maternal bond with children as well as behavioral disorders of their children was investigated. For this purpose, 323 mothers with pre-school children were selected by convenience sampling. Data was collected using prepared Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) and Child-Parent Relationship Scale. The findings of the research showed that harmful use of SN has negative and meaningful relationship with marital satisfaction. Besides, there is a negative and significant relationship between use of SN and mother-child relationship. On the other hand, marital satisfaction has a direct and significant relationship with mother-child relationship and mother-child relationship has a negative and significant relationship with children's behavioral disorders. No significant relationship was found between use of SN and children's behavioral problems. According to results, harmful use of SN can reduce marital satisfaction, which leads to decrease in mother-child relationship quality and consequently behavioral disorders in children.