PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES
Year:2018 | Volume:14 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:17

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on different aspects of pain in migraine patients. A randomized controlled trial design with pre-test, post-test and follow-up paradigm were applied. A total number of 45 patients suffering from migraine checked for inclusion and exclusion criteria and were assigned to 3 groups of two experimental groups and a control group. Instruments were included Pain Questionnaire, Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire and Self-efficacy of Pain Questionnaire which administered in pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages. Two experimental groups undergone 8 group sessions of 90 min acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and group positive psychotherapy (PPT), whereas no intervention received by control group except simple meeting with the therapist. Data extracted from questionnaires and analyzed by a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results were shown significantly differences for experimental groups and control group in pain, pain acceptance and self-efficacy of pain, whereas no significant differences found for positive psychotherapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. It could be concluded that the positive psychotherapy and acceptance and commitment therapy can be applied by therapists as a complementary therapy in clinics and therapeutic centers in migraine treatment.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of appreciation training program on existential anxiety among University students. The study was semi-experimental, included pre-test and post-test with the control group, having one month fallow up stage. The population of study consisted of all university students of Saqqez city in 2015-2016 academic year. 160 female students were selected by cluster sampling. Then, 20 students who achieved the standard score in existential anxiety questionnaire were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. Data were collected using Good's existential anxiety scale and Adler's appreciation questionnaire. Participants were trained under the program based on Adler and Fagly’ s model, twice a week in 10 sessions of100 minutes each. The obtained data were analyzed using Multivariate Analyze of Variance and Univariate Analysis of Variance. The results showed that in post-test mean scores of existential anxiety in the experimental group significantly decreased compared with the control group. Generally, appreciation training significantly reduced existential anxiety. The findings suggest that the designed appreciation training program can be used to reduce student’ s the existential anxiety.

The aim of this research was evaluation of cognitive emotion regulation strategies and perfectionism in traitor and normal women. In a causal-comparative design, 80 married women (40 traitor people and 40 normal people) with age range from 20 to 50 years were selected through available non-probability sampling and completed the short form of cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire and multidimensional perfectionism scale. Data were analyzed by using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results showed that traitor women than normal women got higher scores in perfectionism (Self-Oreinted, Other-Oreinted and Socilly Prescribed) and cognitive emotion regulation strategies of catastrophizing and other-blame, but they showed significantly lower mean in positive refocusing strategie. in the other cognitive emotion regulation strategies there was no significant difference between two groups. Based on the results of this study can be said that frequent use of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and low use of adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies can actuate the extreme perfectionism people towards mariage infidelity.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of compassion focused therapy on increasing optimism and self-compassion in second grade female high school students with GAD. The present semi experimental study included pre-test, post-test with the control group design. The statistical population of this study consisted of all female second grade students of high schools in Izeh city in the academic year of 2015-2016. Screening was conducted and 302 participants were selected through random multi stage cluster sampling and completed the Penn State Worry Questionnaires, Then 40 individuals suffering GAD identified and were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. The instruments used in this study were Scheier & Carver’ s optimism questionnaire and Raes, Pommier, Neff & Van Gucht’ s self-compassion questionnaire. The experimental group received compassion focused therapy for 1/5 months. Analysis of the data was done using descriptive (average & standard deviation) and inferential (multiple covariance analysis) tests. Experimental group showed significant increase in optimism and self-compassion after being trained. Based on the result we can say that compassion focused therapy is an important factor in improving optimism and in self-compassion of students suffer from GAD.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of systemic-constructivist paternity therapy approach on the initial maladaptive schemas and the tendency to extramarital relationships of women as the divorce applicants. The research design was based on a semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test approach and control group. The statistical population consisted of all female divorce applicants, who referred to kermanshah city’ s counseling centers in 2017. Among them, 30 people have been selected in the form of voluntary purposive sampling and randomly being assigned into two experimental (15 couples) and controls (15 couples) groups. Yang schema questionnaire and extramarital relationships questionnaire were used in the pretest and posttest for collecting information. Systemic-constructivist paternity therapy approach was then performed on the experimental group for 9 sessions of 2 hours one session a week. Results of the univariant covariance moncova analysis showed that the systemic-constructivist paternity therapy on initial maladaptive schemas and the tendency for extramarital relationships among female divorce applicants. Based on the findings of the research, it is recommended to apply the systemic-constructivist paternity therapy approach for equalizing the initial maladaptive schemas and reducing the tendency to extramarital relationships in female divorce applicants.

The present research aimed to Identifythe role of response inhibition, negative urgency and body image concerns in anticipation of eating disorders in girl students at the University of Medical Sciences. This is a descriptive-correlational study. To achieve this goal, 120 female students were selected from students in the Lorestan University of Medical Sciences using cluster sampling method. Participants responded attitude to utrition, color-word Stroop, negative urgency and body image concerns were administered. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the total reaction time in 4 cards, the total number of errors in 4 cards, negative emergency, visual image anxiety and symptoms of eating disorder have positive and significant relationships. Also, %33 of the total variance of eating disorder symptoms was explained by inhibition of response, negative emotion, and anxiety in the body image. The results showed that weak dominant response inhibition, negative urgency and concerns about body image can play a role in eating disorder symptoms in female students.

The present research aimed to Identifythe role of response inhibition, negative urgency and body image concerns in anticipation of eating disorders in girl students at the University of Medical Sciences. This is a descriptive-correlational study. To achieve this goal, 120 female students were selected from students in the Lorestan University of Medical Sciences using cluster sampling method. Participants responded attitude to utrition, color-word Stroop, negative urgency and body image concerns were administered. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the total reaction time in 4 cards, the total number of errors in 4 cards, negative emergency, visual image anxiety and symptoms of eating disorder have positive and significant relationships. Also, %33 of the total variance of eating disorder symptoms was explained by inhibition of response, negative emotion, and anxiety in the body image. The results showed that weak dominant response inhibition, negative urgency and concerns about body image can play a role in eating disorder symptoms in female students.

The purpose of the present study is to compare the efficacy of conforantation / encontur and response prevention therapeutic model and the the dangerous ideation reduction model on reducing alexithymia and cognitive avoidance in patients with obsessive disorder. This study was a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest model with two-month follow-up and control group. The statistical population included all Patients with obsessive who were referred to shahrekord counseling centers in 2016. 48 of them were selected by voluntary sampling and then randomly assigned to three groups of 16. Patients in the first group received the danger ideation reduction therapeutic model and the patients in the second group received the exposure and response prevention model individually for 10 sessions of 60 minutes. The questionnaires of “ sexton and dugas cognitive avoidance and alexithymia” were used to collect information. For analysis of data, multivariate analysis of variance and Fisher's post hoc test were used. The results showed that both therapeutic methods of exposure and response prevention and reduction of danger ideation reduction to reduce cognitive avoidance is effective, but there was a significant difference between these two therapies on the reduction of alexithymia in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that the treatment method of the reduction of danger ideation reduction is more effective than the therapeutic model of exposure and response prevention and cognitive avoidance of patients with obsessive disorder.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Cognitive therapy on Schema fectiveness/shame, rumination and social isolation of perfectionist women in Gorgan in 1395. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design. To this end, 60 individuals with qualitative criteria who were referred to the Sirjandian Psychology Institute in Gorgan to receive counseling services were selectedand randomly assigned in order two groups of experimental (30 people) and control(30 people). Terry and shortsperfectionism questionnaires, Nalen and Hoeksma rumination questionnaires, Russell social isolation inventory and Yang's early maladaptive Schema questionnaire were performed before and after treatment. Participants in the experimental group were trained in groups of 8 sessions of 90 minutes. One-way covariance analysis a were used for data analysis. The results of this study showed that Mindfulness-based Cognitive therapy has modulated the defect/ shame schema, reduced rumination and social isolation in the experimental group in the post-test. It seems that Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy has had a beneficial effect in reducing perfectionism.

The aim of present research was to predict the tendency towards risk-taking behaviors in adolescents by family cohesion and self-worth. Research method was cross-correlational. The population was equal to 1320 individuals, included all high school students of the public high schools in Bojnoord city in the academic year of 2014-2013. A sample of 300 students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling, Chosen from 7 schools With 2 class of each school. The instruments were Iranian youth risk-taking scale, Fisher's family cohesion scale and self-worth contingency questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and stepwise multiple regression model. Results showed that family cohesion and self-worth negatively correlated with all sub-scales of tendency towards risky behavior. In the final step of regression model, family cohesion and self-worth significantly predicted tendency towards risky behavior. Family cohesion as an effective internal source, and self-worth as an effective external source, act as protective shields to adolescents tendencies toward risk-taking behaviors.

This study aimed to determine the role of alexithymia on the relationship between depression and internet addiction. The design of this study is descriptive and correlational. The study population included all students of Islamic Azad University of Karaj studying in the second semester 95-96, and by using cluster random sampling, 314 students were selected as the sample of study. The research instruments used were alexithymia scale designed by Toronto (1986), depression by Beck (1987) and Internet Addiction by Young (1988). Subjects Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results revealed that the developed model was reliable and valid and the relationship between depression and internet addiction was intervened by alexithymia. In other words, users suffer from Internet addiction when they show more features of alexithymia and depression, so it is more likely that they have Internet addiction. Based on the findings of this study, the consideration of the predictions and Internet addiction symptoms to develop therapeutic interventions is highly recommended.