PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES
Year:2019 | Volume:15 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:15

The aim of this study was to investigate mediation effect of emotional intelligence between authoritarian, authoritative and permissive parenting styles with bullying. A total of 484 boy students (between seven and eight degree) with their mothers selected by random cluster sampling method. Students completed Illinois Bullying Scale, and Schutte Self-Report Inventory and their Mothers completed Baumrind Parenting styles Questionnaire. The results of the regression analysis indicated that authoritative parenting predicted emotional intelligence negatively and authoritarian parenting predicted emotional intelligence positively. Also emotional intelligence had partial mediation role between authoritative parenting and bullying and complete meditation role between authoritarian parenting and bullying. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study it can be concluded that parent’ s attitude about children’ s maltreatment can shape bullying and victimization in children. Also findings highlight the importance of emotional intelligence in students academic, emotional and interpersonal lives. Finally suggest for the purpose of bullying prevention programs, education of optimal parenting is necessary.

Internet use enhances life quality and wellbeing for many people; however, excessive use can result in many undesirable outcomes for healthy development and mental health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between childhood traumas and dissociative experiences with internet addiction. The study method was descriptive-correlational. The population of this study included all students of International University of Imam Khomeiny, in the academic year 1395-1396. 295 students were selected by random sampling. The study tools were Young internet addiction, Bernstein & Putnam dissociative expriences and NorouzyCharghalechild abuse and neglect. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and standard multiple regression. The results demostrated that correlation between internet addiction with childhood traumas subscales(neglect, physical, affective and sexual abuse) were positively significant. More correlation was with sexual abuse. The correlation of all of dissociative expriences subscales(amnestic dissociation and absorbtion) except derealization were positively significant. Also regression analyze for girls and boys showed that two groups were different in internet addiction and predictors. both of childhood traumas and dissociative experiences predicted internet addiction in girls but just childhood traumas could predict internet addiction in boys however this relationship was stronger in boys. So interventions, focused on childhood traumas and dissociative expreinces can prevent and treate internet addiction.

The aim of this study was to compare the psychological hardiness and cognitive emotion regulation in students with social anxiety disorder and normal students. The sample consisted of 301 student of the University of Tehran (250 females and 51 males) were randomly selected by classification and the appropriate allocation. Participants completed social anxiety questioner, cognitive emotion regulation questioner and psychological hardiness questioner. Then the collected data by using descriptive statistics, regression, MANOVA and ANOVA was analyzed. The results showed that the cognitive emotion regulation strategies between students with social anxiety and normal students are different. Using of the positive refocusing, refocus on planning, positive reappraisal on normal students are more than students with social anxiety. While students with social anxiety in relation to the catastrophizing and blaming others, have earned higher rating. Similarly, the psychological hardiness in normal students and students with social anxiety disorder, were significantly different. The same result has also been obtained for the components of psychological hardiness. In other words, the level of commitment, control and challenge in normal students and students with social anxiety were significantly different. And given the descriptive indices obtained for these two groups can be expressed. Calculated mean scores for commitment control and challenge in students with social anxiety is higher than normal students. Also, considering the importance of using cognitive emotion regulation strategies in decreasing and managing stress, especially in social conditions and environments, it is suggested to be trained to use these strategies.

The present study was conducted to determine the structural relationship between gratitude and death anxiety with the role of mediation of social support and happiness among elderly residents of the Kahrizak sanatorium in Tehran province. 352 elderly person residents of Kahrizak sanatorium were selected as stratified random sampling. To collect data Scales of death anxiety Templer, gratitude McCullough et al., perceived social support Zimm et al. and Oxford Happiness Argyle &Lu, was used. After the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the evaluation of the proposed model was analyzed by structural equation modeling. The findings of the study showed that the developed model had suitable fitness and fitness. also, gratitude and perceived social support and happiness significantly predicted death anxiety. These variables were negative and significant predictors for death anxiety. Also, the method of mediation analysis was done using the Bootstrap method. The results of the analysis revealed that gratitude could reduce the level of death anxiety by increasing perceived social support and happiness. According to the findings of this research, it could be concluded that death anxiety of the elderly is affected by perceived social support and their level of happiness. Therefore, attention to the role of perceived social support and the amount of happiness in explaining the relationship of gratitude and death anxiety in the elderly was important. So be created by building capacity to increase these variables was reducing death anxiety in the elderly.

The aim of present research was to investigate of the effectiveness of time perspective program training on resiliency and alexithymia in mothers of deaf children in Tehran city. This study was a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design and control group. The participants were 30 mothers of deaf children from number 5 Baghchehban elementary school in Tehran city that selected by convenient sampling method. Subjects were divided into experimental and control groups, each group consisting of 15 mothers. The experimental group participated in time perspective program training in 10 sessions (two sessions weekly; each lasts for 60 minutes), while control group was kept in waiting-list. The instruments of this research were Resiliency scale and alexithymia scale. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used for analyzing the data. The results showed that time perspective program training had a significant effect on the resiliency and alexithymia in mothers of deaf children. The results also revealed that time perspective program training had a significant effect on all subscales of alexithymia (difficulty in emotions identification, difficulty in emotions description, objective thinking) in these subjects. Therefore, planning in order to time perspective program training for mothers of deaf children has special importance.

Cyber aggression is defined as aggressive behaviors that take place secretly in cyberspace, without involving a face-to-face encounter of the people involved. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between dimensions of anger and personality deviance features and cyber aggression among university students. This was a descriptive, correlational study, and the sample included 220 students studying at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili during the 2017/18 academic year, which were selected by cluster random sampling. In order to collect data, we used the dimensions of anger, personality deviance and cyber aggression questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Our results showed that cyber aggression had a positive correlation with external anger and anger arousal, two dimensions of anger, and stigmatization, hostile acts and domination, dimensions of personality deviance. The results of regression analysis showed that dimension of anger and personality deviance could predict 22 percent of cyber aggression. It seems that higher rates of anger and personality deviances will increase the possibility of aggressive behaviors on the Internet and Cyberspace. Therefore, it is suggested that universities set up workshops to reduce online aggression with an emphasis on controlling components of anger and personality deviance.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based on the self-compassion and emotion regulation Among depressed couples in a Abdanan. The research method was semi experimental with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of this study included all depressed couples in Abdanan city in the academic year 2016-17. The study of the screening was used for the first 700 couples Depression Inventory (BDI) from among 30 couples with depression (one standard deviation above the mean group) were selected. Then selected 30 couples randomly assigned to two groups of 15 experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 4 hours (weekly sessions) for 2 months for the training group therapy were based on acceptance and commitment. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using covariance method. The findings of this study showed that acceptance and commitment education had a significant effect on increasing the self-compassion and emotion regulation. The observations also confirmed the effectiveness of treatment based on the level of commitment and acceptance of self-compassion and emotion regulation in couples suffering from depression.

The purpose of the study is to compare effectiveness of emotion regulation skills training based on Gross Model and Linehan Model on suicidal thoughts in adolescents with borderline personality disorder. This is an experimental study with pre-test, post-test and control group and two-month follow-up. The study population included all the adolescents with borderline personality disorder that were referred to counseling centers, psychiatrists, psychiatric services as well as suicide emergency centers in Tehran city in 2017. 45 subjects were selected by random sampling method and randomly were divided into two experimental groups and one control group waiting for treatment (n=15). Both experimental groups were under treatment within 8 sessions, weekly 2 sessions of 90 minutes while the control group received no treatment. The research tool included beck scale for suicide ideation which was conducted in pre-test, post-test. Data analysis showed Linehan Model has more effectiveness in reducing the suicidal thoughts of adolescents with borderline personality disorder than Grass Model and this effectiveness was stable. According to the findings both models of emotion regulation skills training were effective due to common components of treatment on reduction of suicidal thoughts. Overall, the results indicated a more effective Linehan Model on suicidal thoughts. Therefore, it can be used to improve suicidal thoughts.

Schema therapy is an innovative and integrated therapy that focuses on changing and improving early maladaptive schema and helping to develop healthy schema. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group schema therapy on social well-being and perceived social trust. The statistical population of the study was Tehran university students among whom the required sample of research was selected as available. Of the students who responded to the Keys Social well-being Questionnaire and perception of the social trust Questionnaire, who scored lower, 20 were selected and randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. Twelve sessions of the Schema Therapy (session: 90 Minute) were performed for these individuals. Then, in order to determine the effectiveness of the intervention, the scores of people in the pre-test and post-test stages were evaluated using social well-being questionnaire and perception of the social trust Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. The findings showed that group schema therapy could significantly improve social well-being and social trust perception. A group schema therapy can be considered as an effective intervention along with other treatments that are designed to improve people's social problems.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of combining two methods Therapy solution-focused and arrative on the initial maladaptive schemas and tendency to extramarital relationships in the female divorce applicants. The research design was based on a semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test approach and control group. The statistical population consisted of all female divorce applicants, who referred to kermanshah city’ s counseling centers in 2017. Among them, 30 people have been selected in the form of voluntary purposive sampling and randomly being assigned into two experimental (15 couples) and controls (15 couples) groups. Yang Schema Questionnaire and Extramarital Relationships Questionnaire were used in the pretest and posttest for collecting information. Solution-Focused and arrative therapy approaches was then performed on the experimental group for 8 sessions of 2 hours one session a week. The results indicated the effectiveness of the combination of these two therapeutic approaches on initial maladaptive schemas and the tendency for extramarital relationships among female divorce applicants. Based on the findings of the research, it is recommended that in counseling and psychotherapy centers, to apply for equalizing the initial maladaptive schemas and reducing the tendency to extramarital relationships in female divorce applicants.