RESEARCH ON SPORT SCIENCE
Year:2009 | Volume:- | Issue:22 (SUPPLEMENT)|Papers Count:16

The aim of this study was evaluates the effects of 8 weeks of aerobic training on pulmonary FEV1 and FVC, and their relation with BMI in obese male personel of N.O.P.I.C.D.40 obese men volunteered to participate in the stady and were divided to tow obese groups. All subjects in groups (age 47 years, height, 174.2 cm, weight, 78.9 kg and BMI 26.4 kg/m2) and group II (age 46.9 years, height, 175 cm , weight, 100.2 kg and BMI 32.7 kg/m2) filled a health questionnair and signed a consent form and their weight, height, BMI and pulmonary indices (FEV1 and FVC) were measured. After trese initial measurements both groups started a running protocol for 8 weeks. After the training period all measurments were taken again. Statistical analysis if data revealed a significant (p<0.05) difference between the pretest and post test training values of FEV1 and FVC for each group. However, there was no significant difference between tow groups. In addition, trere were significant (p<0.05) correlation between BMI and pulmonary indices (FEV1 and FVC) in both groups.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of cycle ergometer aerobic training program on some of the ventilatory indices (MVV, VC, VT, FEV1) in chemically lung injured veterans with exposure to mustard gas. fourteen lung patient (age 44.8±8.08yr, body mass 77.41±12.57 kg, FEV1 61.81±9.42 predicted%)) were randomly assigned to either a control group and trained group. Subjects performed pretests of pulmonary function tests and then performed bruce maximal test to obtain HRmax. The trained group (TG, n=8) was submitted to a protocol of 12 exercise sessions on a cycle ergometer, with training intensity initially set at a heart rate (HR) close to70- 80% of maximal HR achieved in a maximal test, and load increases based on dyspnea scores, and (b) the control group (CG, n=6) with no intervention during the protocol period. Statistical analysis (P<0.05) was not showed that significant effect of cycle ergometer aerobic training program on FEV1, MVV, VC, TV (0.361, 0.528, 0.063, 0.187). and no between group significant differences were observed (0.724, 0.898, 0.445, 0.6928). Conclusion, This study support that cycle ergometer aerobic training program was not effect on some of the ventilatory indices (FEV1, MVV, VC, TV).

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between height and maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max) measured by the Queen’s College Step Test (QCT) and Gas analyses during Cycle ergo meter Test (GCT). Fifty four trained female university students (mean±SD age, 23.22±1.93 yrs, height, 162.13±8.19 cm, body mass, 57.97±8.59 kg, body mass index, 22.03±2.24 kg/m² & body fat percent 24.24±4.70 percent) voluntarily participated in the study. Subjects were divided into three groups including short (153.22±3.11 cm), medium (161.27±1.77 cm) and long (171.91±3.17 cm) height. The difference between the Vo2max values which were directly measured by GCT and indirectly predicted by QCT were not statistically significant among the three groups (P>0.05). However, significant differences between Vo2max values measured by GCT and QCT were observed ineach group (P<0.001). The Vo2max values measured by QCT were higher than those measured by GCT. In addition, non-significant statistical correlation (r=-0.04, P=0.75) was observed between height and Vo2max measured by GCT and QCT (P>0.05). It is concluded that, there is no relationship between height and Vo2max measured QCT and GCT.

Creatine monohydrate (CrM) is a popular sports nutritional supplement among young athletes to enhance muscle mass and exercise performance. Nevertheless, there is a little information on the possible adverse effects of this substance. Therefore, we hypothesized that CrM loading would increas enzymes activity as cellular damage indices. On the other hand, this study was done to identify effect of creatine supplementation on serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatine kinase (CK), and myocardial CK isofom (CKMB) in 18 young male soccer players. Eighteen subjects (aged 17.5 0.3 years, height 173.33 6.5 cm, weight 68.61 11.8 kg) in a randomized and double-blind design were equally divided into two CrM & Placebo groups. Subjects in CrM group were given creatine (0.3 g/kg/d for 7 days), but placebo group did not take any supplements. All Subjects participated in a circuit training (8 exercies, 3 sets, 60 % IRM). To identify enzymes activity, venous blood samples were obtained before creatine loading and 24 hours after last session of weight training. Data were analyzed by independent (Changes range between two groups) t-tests 0.01. No significant differences between the range of activity changes for LDH between creatine and placebo groups was detected (p 0.609, tLDH=0.52). However, the range of activity changes for CK (Tck=5.13, p 0.0004) and CKMB (tCKMB=2.10, p 0.05) were increased significantly. This observation suggests that CrM loading have significant adverse effects on enzymatic cellular damage indices. However, CK & CKMB activity increase by short supplementation in young male soccer players. However, more research is needed to determine the effect of short and long – term creatine supplementation on myocardium damages.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of 12 weeks endurance training on some indices of haemostatic system and blood lipids in Wistar14848 rats with the weight of 325.6±4.93 gr and age of 21 months that had passed their fertility periodat least for 3 months. For this purpose, forty rats were divided randomly into control and experimental groups and the subgroups of mid-test and post-test. After two weeks of familiarization the training group performed 12 weeks of running on treadmillfive days a week at the progressive speed and duration. Blood samples weretaken following 12-14 hours overnight fasting at three stages before-, mid-, and post-training. The fibrinogen, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and blood lipids (HDL-C and LDL-C) concentrations were measured by clotting and enzymatic methods, respectively. Data were analyzed by using twoway ANOVA with repeated measures and independent t-student tests. The results showed that fibrinogen and APTT levels after endurance training, respectively, were decreased and increased significantlyafter 6th and 12th weeks of training and in comparison with control group. Inthe other hand, total cholesterol changes were insignificant following the 6th and 12th weeks. However, very low density lipoprotein level wasonly significant after 12 weeks. Data analysis for blood lipids (VLDL-C, LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C) revealed significant changes in training group after 6 and 12 weeks in comparison with control. The findingsof the present study suggest that endurance training of moderate intensity induced adaptationsthat can improve the haemostatic system and preventthe process of thrombus formation.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of aerobic training on leptin, cortisol and serum testosterone levels in obese and lean men. To this end healthy and volunteers men, (age, 30±5 years) were asked to complete a questionnaire including individual characteristics, health history, amount of physical activity and smoking. Body mass index was measured using the body composition analyzer and 40 untrained people were selected and divided in two groups: 20subjects (weight: 96.8±15.9kg, height: 171.5±12.3cm, age: 30±5 years, BMI: 32.3±2.1 kg/m²) in obese group and 20 subjects (weight: 57±3.3kg, height: 177±4.47 cm, age: 30±5 years, BMI: 18./1±0.58 kg/m²) in lean group.To measure the leptin, cortisol and serum testosterone levels by the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method, blood samples were taken before having breakfast and 2 days before aerobic training program. Then both groups performed aerobic training including running at 65-85% of individual maximum heart rate on treadmill in 2 consecutive months, 3 sessions a week, and 30 minutes per session. Then blood samples were taken after the training period and all parameters were measured again.The analysis of data before and after aerobic training using t- test showed significant decreases in weight (p=0.000), BMI (p=0.012) leptin (p=0.000) and a significant increase in cortisol (p=0.027) for obese group. Also a significant decrease in leptin (p=0.004) and significant increases in BMI (p=0.008), cortisol (p=0.070) in lean group. Moreover, when data were compared between obese and lean groups, significant differences were found for leptin (p=0.000), testosterone (p=0.009), BMI (p=0.000) and weight (p=0.000).Based on the results, aerobic training via altering some hormones including leptin, cortisol, and testosterone has an important role in regulation of body weight.Meanwhile, the mechanisms that aerobic training regulates body weight might be different in obese and lean groups.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of theree consequtive and non- consequtive days of running (1600 m) on white blood cell (WBC) and its subsets- (nueutrophyle - lymphocyte and monocyte) - in female active students. For this reason, 25 female physical education students of Mazandaran University were randomly. divided into experimental (N=13, weight: 58.90±10.18 kg, Vo2max: 38.68±3.79 ml/kg-1/min-1, BMI: 22.88±3.09 kg/m2 and exercise history: 3.36+2.57 years) and control group (N=12, weight: 59.36+12.48 kg, Vo2max: 38.64±4.37 ml/kg-1/min-1, BMI: 21.34+3.08 kg/m2 and training record: 3.27+4.75 years). At the beginning, experimental group ran for three non-consequtive days (Saturday, Monday, Wednesday) which was followed by a week rest after one week rest subjects ran for three consequtive days (Saturday, Sunday, Monday) while during the training period subjects in control group had no regular physical activity.A resting blood sample was taken before training from all subjects in both groups and one blood sample was taken immediately after running in each session and analysed for full blood count including WBC. Full blood count was performed by hematology analysis and data were analysed satistically by using repeat of measure of ANOVA and LSD and sheffe post-hoc tests. The results showed significant difference in intra and inter groups for WBC.However there were no significant differences for other factors.