RESEARCH ON SPORT SCIENCE
Year:2002 | Volume:1 | Issue:2|Papers Count:11

The purpose of this investigation was to study the academic performance of National athletes who entered into the colleges of Physical Education throughout the country without passing an entrance examination. In this research, 103 athletes from the total of 239 were available to the researcher. The academic performance of this group of subjects was compared versus that of 103 ordinary college students. Appropriate statistical methods were employed to analysis the data. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the Grade Point Average of champion athlete students and the ordinary students (champions = 13.85 vs Non-champion = 14.66; P<0.05). Also, despite the common belief that national champion athlete students outperform the ordinary students in practical courses, the results showed that there was no significant difference between these two groups of subject in this respect (P>0.05). In courses including general, basic, but not the education courses theory, and selective ones the ordinary students academic performance was significantly better than the national champion students. In general, it can be concluded that the academic performance of ordinary students is better than the national champion students.

The Purposes of present investigation were to compare body image subscales between active and inactive adult men and women and its association with body composition and somatotype. 120 males and females (25-65 yr.) in active and inactive groups participated in this study. Physical Self - Description Questionnaire (PSDO) which consisted of body fat, global physical and appearance sub-scales was used. Body composition involved percent of body fat and body mass index (BMI) and somatotype involved endomorphy, mesomorphy and ectomorphy which was determined by Heath-Carter method. Two-way MANCOVA (gender X group), Pearson correlation coefficient, and Fishers Z were used to analysis the data. MANCOVA results showed a significant interaction (F=3/55, P<0.017) for gender and group in body image subscales. Also, There are inverse significant correlation between body image and percent of body fat (r=-0.49. P<0.000), BMI (r=-0.38, P<0.000), endomorphy (r=-0.48, P<0.000), and mesomorphy (-0.38, P<0.000) and direct relation with ectomorphy (r=0.39, P

The demand of countries for people trained in sports and the trend of structural changes of education at tertiary level call for benefiting from technology more than ever. Since Irans population is young and there is a positive attitude towards sports in this country, new technologies and educational media are essential for sports education. The interruption of interaction between the elements of education and emotional environment are among the existing educational challenges of changing the trend of education known as technological education, that is, using the dominant technology in education. The aim of this paper is to study the trend for the development of educational technology procedure and its impact on physical education. The effect of this phenomenon on the quality of education is evaluated on the basis of evidence from research findings. Finally, this paper shows a model for using the media with the aim of promoting the educational quality, dropout, and maintaining the minimum necessary interaction between educational elements.

The purpose of this research was to determine the relation between the initial velocity of ball throwing in triple jump, jump-shot, and on spot shot with the anthropometric measures of dominant hand in Handball in male national youth players camping for the preparation to participate in Youth Asian Championship Games held in holy city of Mashhad in September 2000. For this research, 18 players were volunteered to take part and the tests were conducted in National olympic Testing and Measurement Center. Motion Analyzer camera capable of picturing 1000 shop per second was used to measure the initial velocity. Anthropometric measure was obtained by using coolies and measuring tape. Win Analyzer software was used to analyze the pictures and SPSS PC was used to analyze the data. Correlation coefficient was obtained and multiple regression analyzes was performed on the data. The results showed that there was a significant relation between the size of palms width and the initial velocity of vertical jump (r=0.528, P<0.05).

The Purpose of this study was to assess the validity of Shuttle-Run Test type 1 and 2 versus the Ellestard Treadmill Test. Evaluation of cardiovascular fitness has always been the focus of attention of sport and exercise scientists and experts, therefore, much efforts has been devoted to the innovation of new methods to measure the index of V02 Max which is considered as the golden index of aerobic fitness. Among the various methods employed for this purpose is the 20 meter field Shuttle-Run Test which due to its high reliability for estimating V02 Max needs to be recognized and validated in Iran as well. 17 male students brom Bu-ali Sina University of Hamedan between the age of 18-24 voluntarily participated in evaluating the validity of Shuttle-Run Test type I and 11. The subjects performed the test within the duration of 48 hours. Variables such as relative aerobic capacity, heart rate, speed, distance, and time of performing 3 bouts of exercises were measured. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant relation between the Shuttle-Run Test type I and 11 and the standard Ellestard Treadmill Test in estimating V02 Max (r=0.91, r=0.81, P<0.000l). The results of this study indicated that Shuttle-Run Test type I and II are sufficiently reliable and valid tests for estimating the relative value of V02 Max in young adults in Iran.

The influence of selective formulation of dextrose (75%) and glucose (25%) carbohydrate (5%) (Cho) versus placebo (P) beverage consumption on the endurance performance responses to 1 hour of cycling (Approximately with 75% V02 Max) was studied in 36 athletes that were randomly allocated in three groups (Cho, N=15; P, N=11; control (C),N=10). Subjects received Cho or p beverages before, during and after cycling. In order to measure glucose serum, blood samples were collected before and 15-20 minutes after cycling. The patterns of change in plasma glucose did not differ between the groups (P<0.291). Energy expenditure, (P<0.009), number of pedaling (P It was concluded that carbohydrate supplementation in selective formulation form before and during cycling can improve performance. It is clear that the study of the effects of carbohydrate supplementation on other aspects of endurance performance awaits further research.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a selected aerobic training program on Nitric Oxide (NO) production and liproteins ratio in healthy humans. The changing of NO and blood serum lipoproteins are studied as an important mediator in vasodilatation of vascular and decreasing the ratio of harmful lipoproteins (LDL-C) to useful lipoproteins (HDL-C). A sample of 15 subjects with average of age 20.5+2.3 yr. weight 65.88+7.05 kg and height 173.25+5.07cm were selected randomly from volunteers. Subjects didnt have heavy physical activity and used low nitrate diet in conformity with special prescription in 48-h period before clinical exercise test and blood sampling. The blood sampling were collected in fasting and resting and immediately after a single session of exercise. Then subjects participated in 8 weeks of activities for 4 sessions per weeks. ANOVA repeated-measures and LSD (P<0.05) was used for analyzing the collected data. The nitrite of blood serum during the resting period, immediately after a session of exercise, and after doing a selected training program were 6.71 +0.58, 7.73+0.46, 13.65 + 2.10 (SE) µM, respectively. In the mean time, the ratio of lipoproteins during the resting period, immediately after a session of exercise, and after doing a selected training program were 1.79+0.14,1.42+0.10,1.37 (SE) mg/dI, respectively. It was concluded that after performing a selected training program, the production of NO in resting and after a session of exercise increased significantly (P<0.05) comparing to the first day of research. Also there was significant variations between the ratio of lipoproteins in the various stages. These changes may help to explain the beneficial effects of physical exercise on cardiovascular health.

A large number of studies have been conducted to determine the effects on music and noisy conditions on the human work efficacy. The present study attempted to examine the effect of physical activity on the efficacy under dual task and distraction conditions. For the purpose of this study, the efficacy of two groups of athletic (n=36) versus non-athletic subjects (n=31) were studied by using Tolouz-pieron Test in different conditions. The experimental conditions practiced under 3 conditions: normal, dual-task, and distraction condition. The data were analyzed by using independent T-Test and ANOVA. The results revealed that the differences between athletics and non-athletics were significant (P<0.05).

New Page 1 Understanding of the functional behavior of the neuromuscular system is necessary in rehabilitation and improvement of motor skills. A variety of techniques have been suggested for the evaluation of the body sway which their reliability should be defined. The objective of this study was to assess the reliability of DSPF2 system by which the dynamic balance is measured. Methods: 12 healthy female volunteers participated in this study. Their mean age, height and wight was (24.83yr±</font></p>2.86yr), (157.8Icm±</font></p>5.79) and (53.33kg±</font></p>7.24 kg) respectively. To evaluate the balance, subject was asked to stay in a static predefined position on the foot platform for 20 seconds. Then the mean and standard deviation of the postural sway in mediolateral (ML)and anterioposterior (AP)direction as well as for the total body sway of three consequent trials were recorded during each test. All tests were done in both the low (level 2) and the high (level 8) stiffness of the foot platform. The Each of the applied postures challenged one of vestibular. visual andior properioceptive systems. These positions are used to assess the contribution of the balance systems in motor control. Then, in order to assess the repeatability of the system and the tests the same data were collected in the same conditions after two weeks. Then the correlation coefficients of any variable between the two repetitions were obtained using Pearson method in spss irvironment. Results: Statistical analysis showed that in both footplatform"s stiffness levels of 2 and 8, there was a significantly high correlation between the overal body sway of subjects in first time evaluation with that of the second time evaluation (r = 0.86) during upright standing with eyes closed. The repeatability of the AP sway in this test with the stiffness level of 2 with (r=0.85) was better than that of in level 8 (r = 0.73). In standing position with lateral rotation of the head to the left and the right the correlation between all variable between two repeated tests were between r=0.81 to r=0.86 showing very good reliability. Upright standing position with eye open, standing with flexion/extension of the head and standing with trunk rotation showed a poor reliability. In conclusion the DSPF is reliable for body sway measurements in those upright standing positions with eye closed and upright standing position with head rotated to sides.