Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Year:2017 | Volume:16 | Issue:9 |Papers Count:11

Background and Objectives: Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative and spiral bacterium that causes stomach and duodenal disease in humans. Because of the presence of disadvantages in antibiotic therapies, increasing efforts have been made to produce effective vaccine for this infection. The aim of this study was to generate a construct carrying the lnT gene and to survey its expression in human cells with RT-PCR method. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study, lnT gene from the genome of Helicobacter pylori bacterial was isolated via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cloning of the PCR products was done by T/A cloning method in the appropriate T vector. Then, the lnT gene was subcloned into a pEGFP-C2 eukaryotic expression vector. To study the lnT gene expression, the final pEGFP-C2-lnT construct was transformed into human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) cells by electroporation and its expression was analyzed by RT-PCR. Results: The performance of the PCR resulted in amplification of 1290 bp segment as to lnT gene. This gene was successfully cloned in pTZ vector and enzyme digestion and sequencing results showed lnT gene was subcloned in the expression vector and final construction of the pEGFP-C2-lnT was created. Gene expression analysis by RT-PCR showed the relevant band.Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, lnT gene cloned in the pEGFP-C2 eukaryotic expression vector has the ability to produce the specific product of this gene in eukaryotic cells. Therefore, this gene construction has the required potential to evaluate the immunogenicity in an animal model as a gene vaccine against Helicobacter pylori.

Background and Objectives: Knee is affected by osteoarthritis more than any other joints. The cause of this disease is degeneration changes that occur gradually. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Electroacupunture (EA), Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), and Celecoxib Tablet (CT) on treatment of knee osteoarthritis.Materials and Methods: This randomized single-blinded clinical trial was performed in Fatemieh Physiotherapy Clinic of Rafsanjan during 2016-2017. Sixty patients conflicted to osteoarthritis of knee were randomly divided into three equal groups (each group with 20 samples). The first, second, and third groups received EA, LLLT .and CT, respectively during 10 sessions. Intensity of pain, movement, and the time of 6 Minute Walking Test (6MWT) were assessed during the first, fifth, and tenth sessions and 1 month after the end of treatments. Pain intensity, movements, and the time of 6MWT were evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), goniameter, and chronometer, respectively. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test and chi-square test.Results: The findings showed that 10 sessions of EA was more effective than LLLT and CT in reduction of pain in knee osteoarthritis (p<0.001). Also in relation to knee joint movements, EA was more effective than LLLT and CT in this joint (p<0.001). The finding of this study showed that EA was more effective than LLLT and CT in increasing the time of 6MWT (p<0.001).Conclusion: According to this study, it seems that during 10 sessions, EA might be more effective than LLLT and CT in reducing pain, improving movement, and increasing the time of 6MWT inknee osteoarthritis.

Background and Objectives: So far the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training on learning and memory has remained unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training on hippocampal corticosterone levels and passive avoidance memory in male rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats were placed into 5 groups (n=8): high intensity interval resistance training (HIRT), high intensity interval running training (HIIT), continuous running training (CT), sham (SH) ,and control (C). Experimental groups were under training for 4 weeks and 5 days per week. Memory function was evaluated by using passive avoidance test on two separate times before and 24 hours after foot shock. 24 hours after memory test, blood samples were obtained from the subjects. Hippocampal corticosterone levels were measured by ELISA method. For data analysis, one-way ANOVA was used. Results: The results showed that memory function improved significantly in the training groups compared with the SH and C groups (p<0.05). Also memory function in the HIRT group was significantly higher than the HIIT group (p=0.023). Hippocampal corticosterone levels in the training groups was significantly lower compared with the SH and C groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: Our findings showed that high intensity interval training can improve the hippocampus-dependent memory function and also reduce hippocampal corticosterone levels. Further research can help to better understand the effects of high intensity interval exercises on brain function.

Background and Objectives: Maternal prenatal stress while increasing the glucocorticoid level in the embryo, has detrimenal effects on the neural structure. This study examined the effect of maternal stress on the change of the frontal lobe in mice during pregnancy and also the seizure threshold in their offsprings.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 pregnant female mice were divided into two equal groups: the non-stress group and stress group. The stress group experienced one hour immobilization stress for 14 days. After child birth, offsprings were divided into three groups (n=4): The control group, mothers received no immobilization stress and their offsprings also received no PTZ; the Sham group, mothers received no immobilization stress but their offsprings received PTZ; and the experimental group, mothers received immobilization stress and their offsprings also received PTZ. To study the frontal lobe of mouse embryo, the brain of mice offisprings were removed and fixed. The sections (5 micron) were prepared and stained byH&E technique. Histological studies were performed using the Histolab and Motic softwares.Results: The results showed a significant increase in seizure threshold in the offsprings whose mothers were under immobilization stress compared with the offsprings whose mothers received no stress (p<0.001). A significant reduction in the thickness of layers was observed in the experimental group compared with the control and sham groups (p<0.05). The number of neural and glial cells and the number of blood vessels in the experimental group significantly decreased compared with the control and sham groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: Imobilization stress during pregnancy can cause an increase in the seizure threshold in mice offisprings and a disorder in the development and structure of their frontal lobe.

Background and Objective: Manufactured wastewater management of industrial units containing toxic pollutants is essential for environmental protection. Considering the great applications and effects of using the nanomaterial and nanotechnology in the field of environmental protection, the nanoparticle of ZnFe2O4 has been used as a basic particle. On the other hand, enzyme processes, due to their low costs and cheapness, can be used as the new and efficient processes for decolorization from wastewater. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of removal of green 6 direct dyes from aqueous solutions using immobilized laccase enzyme on zinc ferrite nanoparticle.Materials and Methods: First, the magnetic zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZnFe2O4) were synthesized using sol-gel method. Then, by immobilizing laccase enzyme onto it and enzyme activation of the nanoparticles, it was used to remove green 6 direct dye from the aqueous solution. Long-life catalytic converters have been used to immobilize the enzyme on the surface of nanoparticles. In order to study the physical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used. The investigated conditions included contact time (120-160 minutes), adsorbent dosage (0.1-1mg/l), pH (3, 4, 7, 8, 9) and initial color concentration (10 to 100 mg /l). Results: The results of the study showed a spherical and even crystalline structure of the enzymatic nanoparticles, with an average size of approximately equal to 23 to 40 nm. Photometric studies of the immobilized enzyme on zinc nanoparticle (IZFN) spectra at 1199, 1284, 2956 and 1714 peaks confirmed the CH2 group of triethoxymethylsilane, the peptide bond c = o group, as well as the S = O and C-N groups of the SO group in the Lacas enzyme. Therefore, the nanoscale composition of the enzyme immobilizing layers was confirmed. The maximum removal of color was 95% with the adsorbent dose of 0.2 mg/L, at the initial concentration of 10 mg /L, pH=3.4 and the contact time of 120 minutes.Conclusion: The combination of the immobilized enzyme layers made in this study with immobilized enzyme on zinc nanoparticle can be a suitable adsorbent for the removal of dye contamination, especially the green 6 direct dyes from fabric dyeing wastewaters, as compared to the other similar nanoparticles.

Religion can be considered as a belief and behavioral system that shape do and do not do issues of life. Furthermore, religion rituals determine fundamental human moments including birth, puberty, marriage and death and as a result, religion has a significant impact on human life within communities. The chief aim of the present article is to investigate the substantial effects of religion on suicide behavior from epidemiological point of view. The chief aim of the present article is to investigate the substantial effects of religion on suicide behavior from epidemiological point of view. Therefore, within the present article the view of five important religions including Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam on suicide behavior are discussed. And it is pointed out that among these religions Islam has the most essential view on prevention of suicide behavior.

Background and Objectives: According to the World Health Organization statistics, about 20 to 25% of patients admitted to the hospital are affected by different types of nosocomial infections. Burn wound infections are the major cause of mortality and morbidity in these patients. So, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of burn wound infection in burn ward of Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj in 2015.Materials and Methods: In this cross- sectional study, all the 198 patients admitted to burn unit of Tohid hospital in Sanandaj city from April 2014 to March 2015 were studied. Variables such as age, sex, hospitalization time (season), burn percentage, location of burn, and type of infection were studied. Chi-square test was used to analyze the data.Results: Of all 198 patients, 53% (105 patients) were men. The average and standard deviation of the patients' age was 30.33±3.82. 33 patients (16.7 %) were affected by nosocomial infection. The most prevalence of burn wound infection was occurred in autumn (23.3 %) and the highest microorganism produced infections (58%) was Staphylococcus aureus. There was a significant relationship between the burn percentage and the burn wound infections (P=0.011), so that the highest rate of infection was in the patients with the burns between 11 to 30%.Conclusions: Due to the high prevalence of burn wound infections in the haspitalized patients at Sanandaj's Tohid hospital, compliance with control standards of infection in this unit seems to be nessesary.

Background and Objectives: Drug utilization evaluation of antibiotics leads to identifying drug-related problems, preventing antibiotic resistance, and controling pharmacotherapy costs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of parenteral ciprofloxacin in an inpatient setting and cost of its inappropriate use. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Afzalipour teaching hospital in Kerman from October 2016 to December 2016. The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system and the Defined Daily Dose were used and the DDD/100 bed-days was calculated. The cost of parenteral ciprofloxacin use was also determined. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: One hundred and twelve patients received parenteral ciprofloxacin during the study period. The total cost of parenteral ciprofloxacin use was 13381.94 dollars. The use of parenteral ciprofloxacin in 34 (30.36%) patients was inappropriate and the cost of it was 2572.11 dollars. The dose of parenteral ciprofloxacin was not adjusted in 29 (25.89%) patients with chronic kidney disease. The overall parenteral ciprofloxacin utilization was 9.12 DDD/100 bed-days. The ratio of mean prescribed daily dose to Defined Daily Dose was 1.43.Conclusion: The total parenteral ciprofloxacin use and also its cost were higher than other countries. So it is necessary to develop appropriative strategies to reduce its use.