JOURNAL OF RAFSANJAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND HEALTH SERVICES
Year:2016 | Volume:15 | Issue:6|Papers Count:10

Background and Objectives: Further to medical reasons, some non- medical causes also encourage pregnant women to choose elective caesarian including the fear of the pain of natural delivery. In this study, the effect of the level of religious regulation compliance among pregnant women on their decision about the type of delivery in an Iranian community was measured.Material and Methods: In this case- control study, two groups of mothers with elective caesarian (n=113) and with natural vaginal delivery (n=132) were matched based on some variables. Written consent form was taken. Data collection tool included a standard and validated questionnaire. Data were recorded on the instrument by a trained expert via interview sessions. T- test and chi-squre test were used to analyze the data.Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups of mothers based on the matched variables (p>0.05). Both groups showed an acceptable level of religious regulations compliance and obtained high scores from the questionnaire. Of the 25 items of the questionnaire, there was only a significant difference between the scores of three questions in the two groups of mothers (p<0.05). For the rest of tht items, no significant difference was observed between the scores of the two groups of mothers.Conclusion: Fortunately, both groups of mothers obtained high scores for their religious regulation compliance. It seems that regarding the importance of these high scores in a religious community, it is possible to reduce the high prevalence of the elective caesarian using Islamic regulations as well as Islamic advices.

Background and Objectives: In carrying out research activities, sometimes there are problems and obstacles that identifying and studying their factors, can help to solve them. Understanding these factors in academic and research communities can improve the relationship between researchers and research users, and can actually cause problem-solving process to facilitate the use of research findings. This study intends to investigate the views of researchers about the barriers affecting research activities and take effective steps to promote research activities.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted through Census. The population consisted of the entire faculty members of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, in 2012. Among the 119 questionnaires distributed, 102 were reviewed. The Research instrument was a questionnaire in six areas: financial, facilities, professional, scientific, personal, and organizational-managerial barriers which was designed in five-choice Likert scale. Data was analyzed through using descriptive statistics and Friedman two-way analysis of variance by ranks.Results: Faculty members, confirmed the effects of all the obstacles in research activities, but organizationalmanagerial barriers (3.73±0.63), financial barriers (3.62±0.72) and professional barriers (3.61±0.62) had the greatest effects, respectively, and scientific barriers (3.15±0.93) had the lowest effect.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that researchers have the motivation to do research and attention to the problems, solutions such as enabling researchers to use new technologies in the creation of research teams, and taking advantage of research experts in the various stages of medical sciences research can have a positive impact in addressing the problems and barriers to research.

Background and Objectives: As charging berths in Bandar- Abbas are the most important places for handling and moving of products and hundreds of workers carry and move petroleum and non-petroleum based products daily from containers and dhows manually so they are exposed to several risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders. The main aim of this study was risk assessment of musculoskeletal disorders in charging berth workers using Manual Handling Assessment Chart (MAC) method.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 248 workers were selected by simple random sampling from two of the largest charging berths in Bandar- Abbas and they were assessed in three types of operations: individual lifting and carrying and team handling. In each operation, numerical and color band scores were determined for risk factors related to working environment, lifting of load and body posture. Then, the risk level (minimum 1, maximum 4) of each operation was determined based on the total scores and priority of controlling measures were identified.Results: High level of risk in all of three operations was identified so that the risk levels of 3 and 4 were determined 51.21% and 33.06% in individual lifting operation, 58.47% and 39.11% in team handling operation and 77.02% and 13.31% in carrying operation, respectively.Conclusion: According to the risk levels determined in charging berthes, for most risk factors related to the working environment, load lifting,and body posture, prompt action is needed and the most priorities must be given to the environmental factors.

Background and Objectives: Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) is one of the modern technologies to increase the quality of hospital services.The present study was designed to develop and localize CPOE in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods: This exploratory study was conducted for software designing and was practically performed between 2013 to 2015 in Namazi Teaching Hospital in Shiraz. The study population consisted of physicians, nurses, and information technology professionals in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The study included four phases; in the first three phases documentations review, Delphi, and focused group discussions methods for data collection and CPOE software was designed in the fourth stage.Results: The CPOE software was designed in 13 months and had seven main including data entry, drug interactions management system, warning system, treatment services, ability of writing in the software, software reporting and technical capabilities. The most important features of this software were the possibility of physician-nurse relationship, software connection with the Hospital Information System (HIS) and use of Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS). The software was implemented in the general Intensive Care Unit )ICU) ward and used for physicians’ order registration for three months.Conclusion: The CPOE was designed and implemented in Namazi Hospital. The comments of operators have to be considered for successful application of any software in hospital. The integration between CPOE and CDSS is recommended for improving the system performance.

Background and Objectives: Many patients suffering from coronary artery diseases do not respond to pharmacological therapies. Therefore, they settle undergoing procedure of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). In attention to the risks and complications in the heart surgery, anxiety is in the greater level. This study intended to investigate the effectiveness of inhalation aromatherapy on anxiety level of the patients before CABG.Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study sixty four patients volunteer for CABG were selected by convenience sampling, then divided in case and control groups equally. The case group patients inhaled 2 drops of lavender essential oil and the control group inhaled 2 drops of distilled water for 20 minutes. Patients’ anxiety and vital sign were measured before and after intervention in the control and test groups. For data collection, a questionnaire was used. This questionnaire included demographic characteristics, data related to the disease, Spielberger state anxiety inventory and recording of vital sign. The data were analyzed using independent t-test, paired t- test, chi-square and wilcoxon tests.Results: The mean of anxiety rate before intervention in the case group was 45.71±14.27 (Mean±SD) and after intervention decreased to 39.53±9.28 (p=0.007), while this mean before intervention in the control group was 45.65±10.79 and after intervention was 44.78±9.65 (p=0.509). The difference between mean of anxiety before intervention in the two groups (p=0.984) was not significant but after intervention the difference was statistically significant (p=0.030).Conclusion: Aromatherapy with lavender oil according to its positive effects may be used as a nursing intervention to reduce anxiety level in patients before CABG.

Self- immolation is considered to be one of the most violent methods of suicide, which has not yet thoroughly been recognized. Scientific studies are needed to understand the ethnic, social, and cultural root causes of this phenomenon. Therefore, the present narrative review article is explaining the epidemiology of self-immolation based on the existing knowledge.Evidence suggests that self- immolation is rarely used within developed countries but increasingly applied especially by deprived and uneducated women within some parts of Asia including India, Seri Lanka, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran and Iraq. In those countries which self- immolation is common, it is necessary for the comprehensive prevention programs to be designed and conducted.

Background and Objectives: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the important pandemic diseases in different societies. Since the beginning of the epidemic, almost 71 million people have been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and about 34 million people have died of HIV. Prevention as the most important method is proposed to deal with the HIV epidemic in the world. Knowledge of AIDS and its transmission routes is an essential step in prevention. This study was designed to assess the epidemiology of HIV and potential risk factors in Mazandaran province.Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross- sectional study is related to HIV-positive patients in the Mazandaran province that their information have been reported by the Universities of Medical Sciences and Health Services from 1986 to date 2014/09/23. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test.Results: Totally, 347 patients with HIV/AIDS in Mazandaran province have been identified, out of which 270 patients (77.81%) were males and 77 (22.19%) were females. In the 25-34 years age group, 130 patients (37.46%) infected with HIV/AIDS that had the highest proportion among the age groups included. According to the statistics obtained, the most common transmission route of HIV was intravenous drug use in Mazandaran province (67.15%).Conclusion: The results showed that the most common transmission route of HIV is intravenous drug use in Mazandaran province and that continuous training and early detection need to be considered for disease control.

Background and Objectives: Iran is among the countries in the world in incidence of crisis and disaster. Preparedness of hospitals plays a vital role in reduction of injuries. This study was conducted to investigate preparedness of crisis management in Social Security Hospitals in Kermanshah.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in two social security hospitals of Kermanshah in 2016. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisted of 220 questions and were reported using descriptive statistics (number and percentage).Results: The relative preparedness of crisis management were 61% in Shoada and 66% in Hazrat Masumeh Hospital.Conclusion: According to the results, preparedness of hospitals in the face of crisis and disaster was good but weak preparedness in field of admission and traffic can create problems in the event of disaster. Period assessment of preparedness and training seem necessary.