JOURNAL OF BABOL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (JBUMS)
Year:2002 | Volume:4 | Issue:4 (16)|Papers Count:11

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study was done to determine the role of brain histaminergic system on the tail pinch - induced behavioral responses. METHODS: In male Albino Wistar rats (250-300 gr), microdialysis probes were implanted in the lateral ventricles under chloral hydrate anaesthesia (400 mg/kg i.p) by stereotaxy method. Rats were examined after recovery while Ringer solution (Ca++ = 2mM) perfused in implanted probes. Five min tail pinch was applied for control group. In sham group, Ringer solution was perfused via microdialysis probes while 5 tail pinch stress was performed. In both test groups, histamine (10 µM) and promethazine (10µM) were added to the Ringer solution. Duration of these behavioural responses was recorded and sham and test group were compared with control and sham group, respectively. Variations were calculated depending on percentage and statistical analysis was done depending on absoulte data. Student paired t-test and ANOVA were used for comparing within the same and different groups, respectively. FINDINGS: According to the results, histamine increases duration of tail pinch induced behavioural response by 38±8% and promethazine as an antihistamine decreases it by 43±13%.CONCLUSION: The results showed that brain histaminergic system has a stimulating role on tail - pinch induced behavioral responses.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Management of painful irreversible pulpitis is one of the most common cases of dental emergencies. Since, in traditional medications, piperine was used for management of dental pain, this study was done to determine the efficacy of piperine plus pulpotomy for management of acute pulpal pain. METHODS: In this study, 60 cases with a diagnosis of painful irreversible pulpitis were selected and divided into two groups. In case group, pulpotomy plus a pellet moistened with piperine was sealed in the chamber and in control group pulpotomy plus dry cotton pellet was sealed in the chamber. The efficacy of piperine was studied by Visual Analoge Pain Scale (numerical 0-10) at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the procedure.FINDINGS: The results showed that there was not a significant difference in intensity of pain between control and case group at 2, 4 and 8 hours after treatment, but the intensity of pain was significantly lower in case group which piperine was used as a medicament.CONCLUSION: According to the results, it seems that piperine can be an effective medicament for management of acute pulpal pain.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Light criteria (protein and LDH) and cholesterol is commonly used to differentiate exudative from transudative pleural effusion. Application of both parameters is time consuming and relatively expensive. This study was done to determine the role of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assessment in differentiation of exudative from transudative pleural effusion and the comparison with light criteria and cholesterol. METHODS: This study was performed on all patients with pleural effusion referred to Shahid Beheshti hospital (Babol, Iran) during 1998-2001. Biological (protein, LDH, cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase), cytologic and bacteriologic tests were performed on all pleural fluid and blood samples of patients. Sixty four patients were followed up till final diagnosis. The results of light criteria and cholesterol were compared to alkaline phosphatase activity according to accuracy and sensitivity of separation of pleural effusion.FINDINGS: In 43 patients (67%), pleural effusions were exudates and in 21 patients (33%) were transudates. The parameter of alkaline phosphatase in dissociation of exudative from transudative pleural effusion had a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 88%, 100% and 90%, respectively while light criteria was with sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 77%.CONCLUSION: ALP revealed a similar accuracy to light criteria in exudative pleural effusion diagnosis. Because of higher specificity for ALP than light criteria, it will be more accurate in differentiation of transudative from exudative pleural effusion.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: One of the main factors in root canal therapy is determination of the length of root canal. Radiography is currently the most useful method in determining root canal length. Nowadays, electronical equipment (Apex- finder) which determine the length of root canal are produced and the objective of this study was to determine the efficiency of these equipment. METHODS: In this study, 62 monocanal teeth of 45 patients who were referred to endodontics department, faculty of dentistry, Babol medical sciences university were studied. At first, paralleling technique of periapical radiography was done on this tooth and the length was determined by electronical Apex-finder (Formatron V) and then obtained lengths with Apex-finder and paralleling technique of periapical radiography were separately recorded and finally a comparison was done between two methods. FINDINGS: Statistical analysis of the results showed that in 30.6% of cases, the obtained lengths of Apex- finder and paralleling technique of periapical radiography were conforming and in 54.8% of cases, Apex- finder with acceptance of ± 0.5mm error in comparison to paralleling technique of periapical radiography indicates acceptable lengths.CONCLUSION: This study showed that Apex- finder unit in determining the length of the root canal in comparison to paralleling technique of periapical radiography had a lower efficiency. In order to obtaining more reliance, paralleling technique of periapical radiography should be used with Apex- finder.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: With regard to high prevalence of mechanical low back pain (LBP) and its increasing in society and known treatment of physical therapy and also previous successes of spinal manipulation, this study was carried out to compare spinal manipulation and physical therapy for treatment of mechanical LBP in patients who referred to Shohada-e-Tajrish hospital during 2001. METHODS: This single blind clinical study was performed on 105 patients (20-60 years old) with LBP for 2 weeks to 6 months and with normal lumbosacral radiography. Pregnant patients, opiate addicts, patients with physical therapy (PT) or spinal manipulation during last six months and those with neurological deficits were excluded from this study. Patients were randomly divided into three groups. An educational pamphlet was given to control group, PT group was treated with hot pack, ultrasound and ordinary TENS and manipulation group was treated with spinal manipulation (Maigne technique). Roland- Morris questionnaire, a visual- analogue pain scales (VAS) and measurement of lumbar spine was used to determine the efficacy of treatment during a 6 week period.FINDINGS: 96 patients (56 females and 40 males) were studied. All groups were similar according to age, sex, BMI, severity of LBP and disability. Severity of LBP and disability were decreased in all groups. Decrease of LBP severity in manipulation group in comparison to two other groups was more (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Spinal manipulation was more effective than PT and educational pamphlet for treatment of mechanical LBP. For overcoming with Novelty effect, another study with higher sample size and at least for a 6 month follow up is recommended.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Propofol is one of the latest drugs for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. Nowadays the use of it, is increasing because of its fast onset, short effect duration, anti nausea and vomiting effect and post operation well- being. This study was done to compare hemodynamic variations in induction of anesthesia and post operation nausea and vomiting with propofol and thiopental.METHODS: In this study 100 patients in ASA class I (American society of anesthesiologists) were randomly divided into two groups (each group 50 patients). Both groups were administered with premedication, an equal dose per bodys weight. Induction of anesthesia was started with propofol (2mg/kg) in case group and with thiopental (5mg/kg) in control group. Succinylcholine (1.5 mg/kg) was injected to all patients and then tracheal intubation was done. Heart rate and diastolic and systolic blood pressure after premedication, induction of anesthesia were recorded at 1st, 5th and 10th minutes after intubation. Also, patients were followed up in recovery room for one hour because of incidence of nausea and vomiting. FINDINGS: Data showed that the variation of heart rate with propofol after induction of anesthesia and intubation was minimum but, it increased with thiopental and this difference was considered significant (p<0.05). In both groups, blood pressure after induction of anesthesia decreased and this difference was not significant. But, after intubation in both groups there was an increase of blood pressure that this increase in thiopental group was more than propofol group (p=0.000). In recovery room just one patient in case group and three patients in control group involved nausea and vomiting that it was not statistically meaningful.CONCLUSION: According to the results, propofol better than thiopental prevents from hemodynamic response due to intubation. So, propofol can be used instead of thiopental in patients who using thiopental is contraindicated or in those who minimum increase of blood pressure is needed during intubation.

ABSTRACT: Aspiration of meconium amniotic fluid may lead to meconium aspiration syndrome with consequences of significant morbidity and mortality. So perinatal management for prevention of aspiration is very important. Up to now several procedures have been proposed such as elective cesarean section, amnionfusion and tracheobronchial lavage by diluted surfactant, which are not proved to be effective but oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal suction at the time of the delivery of head before the delivery of shoulders and endotracheal suction after delivery in all depressed infants are the most effective methods. In this study, all these methods were discussed and literatures were reviewed.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Nowadays, medical equipment is daily used for different patients in hospitals. Contamination can be transmitted by anaesthetic equipment from one patient to another. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of contamination of anaesthetic machine after using cetrimide- C as a disinfectant solution. METHODS: In this descriptive and analytical study, 48 samples of the two parts of anaesthetic machine were taken in 6 operation rooms of Babol Shahid Beheshti hospital. Sampling from the parts before and after sodalime was taken at the stages before and after washing with cetrimide -C as a disinfectant solution (10%). Data was analysed by chi- square test. FINDINGS: According to the results, from where the samples were taken before sodalime at the stage before washing 16.7% of samples and after washing 19.4% contaminated to bacteria. Also, from the parts where the samples were taken after sodalime at the stage before washing 37.5% of cases and after washing 33.3% contaminated by bacteria that there was not statistically significant difference.CONCLUSION: According to the results, there was a bacterial contamination in the anaesthesic machines at the stage before and after washing and it indicates that common method and using cetrimide- C as a disinfectant solution with unstandard concentration are not so effective in the decrease of contamination.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Infection with fasciola hepatica a parasite of trematodes due to various clinical manifestations and it is common in Iran especially among people living in north provinces. CASE: In this study a case of fascioliasis with rare manifestations of recurrent fever and ascites was reported and diagnosed by positive serologic test, typical findings of liver CT- scan and significant peripheral blood eosinophilia. The patient was treated with complete resolution of clinical and radiologic manifestations.CONCLUSION: With regard to the prevalence of this infection in Iran and clinical manifestations in all patients with above findings should be considered.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pelvic surgery, radiation, cancer of cervix and trauma due to vesicovaginorectal fistula. There are different treatments depending on the size of fistula and also factors that cause occurring this disease. In some rare cases, this fistula can extend and involve the rectal wall and cause vesicovaginorectal fistula. CASE: A 55 year old female patient referred with urinary incontinence because of prolonged difficult labor in 30 years ago. Five years after labor because of large fistula, ureters anastomosed to sigmoid colon (an unusual method). Paraclinical tests showed a large stone (10×10 cm) in all urethra, vagina and rectum. After bowel preparation, she was operated by a midline laparatomy incision and the stone was removed. CONCLUSION: Late complications of ureterosigmoidostomy are stenosis of ureter to sigmoid, cancer of rectum and stone formation. For this purpose, more follow up should be done after this type of operation.