JOURNAL OF BABOL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (JBUMS)
Year:2007 | Volume:8 | Issue:6 (34)|Papers Count:16

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The increasing use of electrical power for domestic and industrial appliances has caused millions of users to be exposed to electromagnetic field (EMF). The biological effects of electromagnetic waves on human health include the production of free radicals, the increase of intracellular calcium and the activation of jumping genes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of electromagnetic field on ovarian tissue of NMRI mouse via stereological indexes.METHODS: In this study, 39 mature female mice (weighting 26.7) were selected randomly. The experimental group was exposed to EMF with frequency of 50 Hertz and intensity of 5.9 mili tesla for 6 hour daily during one week. The sham group was exposed to the switch off device in the same period of time. After 24 hours one ovary was removed from abdomen randomly, and histological processing was done and studied by stereological method.FINDINGS: The results showed there were no significant differences in volume of ovary and number of follicle between experimental and control groups. But the volume fraction was increased significantly in the experimental group in comparison with that of control group (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: According to result of this study, EMF didn't change histological structure of ovaries but accelerate the growth of ovarian follicles.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Diabetes mellitus is a common disease which accompanied by adverse effects on different tissues. Retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy are known long term complications in diabetes. In addition, male reproductive organ is one of the other target tissues which may affect on spermatogenesis phenomena by diabetes. In this study, the effect of experimental diabetes on a male reproductive animal model was investigated.METHODS: In this study, diabetes was induced in adult male Wistar rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (120mg/kg body weight) while control animals were received distilled water. After 30 days, testes were removed and prepared for histological study.FINDINGS: Our data indicated an increase seminiferous tubule diameter in diabetic rats significantly. In addition, there was a significant cell reduction, disorganization and shrinkage in diabetic seminiferous tubules.CONCLUSION: This study revealed that effects of diabetes on spermatogenesis can be clearly detected as a disorder in structure of seminiferous tubules and cell reduction in diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND& OBJECTIVE: Considering the high prevalence of vaginal candidiasis and its complications, selection of the best medical treatment based on clinical and microscopic findings, decrease of recurrence rate, short term of therapy with oral agents is so important. The aim of this study was to compare a 3-day course of oral itraconazole versus 7-day course of vaginal clotrimazole for the treatment of vulvo vaginal candidiasis.METHODS: This study was performed on 100 women with clinical and mycological diagnosis of vaginal candidisis who referred to Babol Yahyanejad hospital during one year. They were randomly divided into two groups, those who were treated with vaginal clotrimazole (100 mg/daily for 7 days) and those treated with oral itraconazole (200mgldaily for 3 days). All were followed for 14 and 45 days after treatment. The results of treatment and recurrence rate were recorded. FINDINGS: In clotrimazole regimen, 36 (72%) patients were cured clinically and 30 (6%) patients were cured microscopically. In itraconazole regimen, 39 (78%) cases were cured clinically and 35 (70%) patients were cured microscopically. Twenty nine cases did not complete the treatment (16 cases of itraconazole and 13 of clotrimazole group). In clotrimazole group, clinical and microscopical recurrence rate was 41.2% and 61.8%, respectively. In itraconazole group, clinical and microscopical recurrence rate was 35.1% and 48.6%, respectively (p>0.05). There was not seen any intolerance in both agents.CONCLUSION: According to the results, both oral itraconazole and vaginal clotrimazole has similar effect in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. Although, clinical and microscopical improvement and recurrence were a little better in itraconazole group.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: In mechanically ventilated patients, fiberoptic bronchoscopy via endotracheal tube may be accompanied with serious complications such as hypoxemia, hypercapnia, increased airway pressures cardiac arrythmias and hemodynamic abnormality, especially in patient with underlying cardiopulmonary disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate feasibility and safety of transglottic fiberoptic bronchoscopy in mechanically ventilated patients.METHODS: This study was performed on 37 mechanically ventilated patients with diagnostic or therapeutic indications. Initially fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) was passed through nose and if there was enough space between endotracheal tube and vocal cords, bronchoscopy was moved to trachea and then endotracheal cuff reinflated with minimal leak. FINDINGS: Transglottic fiberoptic bronchoscopy (TGFOB) was feasible in 32 patients (85.5%). With exception of mild tachycardia (103±17.2 vs 99±16.0), all of hemodynamic and ventilatory parameters of the patients were stable. There were not any immediate or late complications (up to 48 hours).CONCLUSION: This study reveals feasibility and safety of TGFOB with minimal complication.

BACKGROUND& OBJECTIVE: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases of genital tract system and postmenopausal women are exposed to its danger. Endometrial hyperplasia is one of the risk factors for endometrial cancer. Different studies have been done to screen endometrial cancer. But yet, any crucial method has not been presented. In this study, medroxy progesterone acetate tablet has been used as a simple and reasonable method to evaluate the endometrium of post menopausal women.METHODS: This experimental and interventional study was done on 50 post menopause women who referred to outpatient clinic and had normal examination. At first, endometrial thickness was measured by vaginal sonography and then medroxy progesterone 10mg tablet was prescribed for all of them for two weeks. After two weeks, individuals were pursued from presence or lack of vaginal bleeding. Endometrial biopsy also taken from all of them and then data were analyzed.FINDINGS: From 50 patients, 12 subjects (24%) had vaginal bleeding. Pathologic fining was atrophic endometrium in cases with no vaginal bleeding. In 12 cases with vaginal bleeding, endometrium was atrophic in 8 cases and proliferative in 4 cases. Progesterone challenge test had 100% sensitivity and 82.6% specificity.CONCLUSION: Progesterone challenge test with its high sensitivity can be a diagnostic test in menopausal women.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Peripheral giant cell granulomas (PGCG) are reactive lesions in oral cavity with more predilections in female. This suggests a possible role for steroid hormones (estrogen and progesterone) in pathogenesis, developmental and progression of the lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine estrogen and progesterone receptors status in peripheral giant cell granuloma.METHODS: In this cross sectional study, H&E, Immunohistochemical staining utilizing progesterone and estrogen antibodies were performed on 15 PGCG paraffm blocks. The percentage of positive cells was determined using eye piece graticule. Positive control was adenocarcinoma of breast and negative control was remission of primary antibody.FINDINGS: In 15 cases of PGCG, estrogen and progesterone receptors were negative staining in osteoclastic giant cells, stroma cells, blood vessels, endothelial cells and oral mucosal epithelium.CONCLUSION: The results of this study show no expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in peripheral giant cell granuloma. Other factors may be more effective than sex hormones in progression and development of this disease.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: H. pylori infection is one of the most spreading and common bacterial infection in the world which can be detected in the stomach of more than half of the world's population. H.P infection is related to gastritis, peptic ulcer lymphoma and carcinoma of stomach. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution and colonization of these bacteria in different areas of stomach of 54 dyspeptic patients.METHODS: In this study, there were 274 samples from stomach of 54 dyspeptic patients without any treatment from October, 2004 to December, 2004 referred to Yahyanejad endoscopy department. Endoscopy and biopsy were done by endoscopists. The biopsy sites consist of A1 (a site in lesser curvature of antrum), A2 (a site in greater curvature of antrum), IA (incisure angularis), B1 (a site in lesser curvature of body) and B2 (a site in greater curvature). Samples were fixed in formalin then embedded in paraffin block and were stained with hematoxylin eosin and modified giemsa. Samples were examined by two pathologists. Results were classified on the basis of updated Sydney system.FINDINGS: In this study, 274 samples were evaluated. Mean age of patients was 41.36±15.4 years. One hundred seventeen samples (42.7%) were from male and 157 samples (57.3%) were from female. Evaluation on density and distribution of H. pylori in samples showed that there were no significant differences on density and distribution of H. pylori between antrum and body of stomach (p=0.368).CONCLUSION: We can take biopsy from every part of stomach to detect H. pylori and if there is no H. pylori in antrum, it is better we screen other parts of the stomach for H. pylori.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Stroke is a major cause of seizures in the elderly. About 10% of all stroke patients experience one or several seizures after stroke. This study was performed to assess the occurrence of post stroke seizure in our region.METHODS: In this prospective, descriptive and analytical study, different types of post stroke seizures and their onset period time were evaluated in 250 stroke patients who were hospitalized in Yahyanejad hospital in Babol during 1992-94.FINDINGS: Forty two patients (17.24%) had seizures during this study period. Of these, 36 (14.81%) showed it in the first year and 6 (2.47%) in the second year. Sixteen (38.1%) of the cases showed generalized seizure while 24 (57.1%) patients had simple partial seizures, complex partial seizure was seen in 2 patients (4.8%). Early seizures occurred in 15 (35.71%) and late onset seizures occurred in 27 (64.28%) cases. Twenty eight (66.67%) cases had a single seizure and 14 (33.33%) suffered from repetitive seizures. Nineteen (45.23%) cases of seizures were in hemorrhagic stroke type, 12 (28.57%) in thrombotic and 11 (26.2%) in embolic subtypes. Around 38.1% of the cases died.CONCLUSION: The results show that the occurrence of post stroke seizure in this study was relatively higher than the findings in other studies. Further studies with more sample size are needed to confirm our results.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Scabies is a contagious disorder of the skin and one of the most common pruritic disorders in the world. The prevalence rate of scabies in many countries determines the level of hygiene in the society.The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of scabies in our region.METHODS: This descriptive and cross sectional study was conducted on patients who referred to dermatology department of Yahyanejad hospital from December 2004 to December 2005. Diagnosis of scabies was made on the basis of clinical criteria and definitive diagnosis was confirmed by laboratory testing. Data was recorded in a questionnaire and then analyzed.FINDINGS: From 1140 cases, 89 patients (7.8%) were infected with scabies, 52 cases (58.5%) were male and 37 (41.5%) were female. The most common age was 1-9 years (45%). Among them, 61 cases (68.5%) were residents of rural area and 28 (31.5%) were residents of urban area. The mean number of infected family members of patients of rural and urban areas was 6 and 5, respectively and in 85% of cases at least one family member was involved.CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed the relationship between the frequency of scabies with low socioeconomic conditions and family size.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Ophthalmological complications in transplanted patients are often due to underlying disorders or drug use and consists anterior segment and posterior segment complications that central serous chorioretinopathy among the posterior complications is related to high dose steroid, stress or cyclosporine and usually has a good outcome. In this paper, we report a case with CSCR as an ophthalmologic complication of renal transplantation.CASE: A 36-year-old man hospitalized for treatment of rejection, suffered from severe visual loss in both eyes that after exam and fluorescin angiography CSCR (due to high dose steroid use for rejection) was diagnosed. With tapering of the drug and after about 3 months, visual acuity became normal.CONCLUSION: Visual acuity changes must be followed carefully in all transplanted patients but CSCR usually has a good prognosis and after tapering of dose steroid, improvementmay be seen.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Demodex spp has various species that can cause the disease in human and animals. Two species of demodex folliculorum and demodex brevis can induce human demodicidosis. Incidence of this infection in female is higher than male. It may cause dermatitis, acne papulosa, contagious impetigo and blepharitis. In this paper we present a case of seborrheic dermatitis due to demodex folliculorum.CASE: A 6-year-old girl referred to mycological department of Babol Medical University due to suffering nom mild itching and hyperkeratosis of occipital part of her head. Samples obtained from the skin scale showed Demodex fo fllicularom.CONCLUSION: Oemodex folliculorum should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all children with seborrheic dermatitis.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Ocular toxocariasis is an uncommon worldwide infection caused by the nematode larvae of T. canis. This infection usually seen in children following consumption of eggs of parasites from stool of infected animals. In this study we present a case of acular toxocariasis in a 40 year old man.CASE: A 40-years-old man admitted to our hospital due to with impairment of visual acuity, with duration of 20 years. Visual acuity in involved eye was 1/10 and in intact eye was 12/10. On fundoscopy, a white round shaped mass was seen in his retina near macula. Serologic test confirmed the diagnosis of toxocariasis.CONCLUSION: Toxocariasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with cornea, strabismus and blurred vision both in children and adults.