KNOWLEDGE AND DEVELOPMENT
Year:2002 | Volume:- | Issue:14|Papers Count:5

Owing to the fact that Iran has rich potential sources of energy, to determine the relationship between oil and economic growth can help us greatly in our energy policies. From the viewpoint of different economic schools, the most important factors affecting economic growth are: capital, labor power (both skilled and unskilled). In new theories of growth, the energy factor is also included in the model; however, its importance is not the same in different models. In this article, the relationship between internal crude oil production and the consumption of oil products is investigated by using error correction model between the years 1338 to 1378. For the analysis of variables the Analysis of Variance and Impulse Function model are used.The results confirm that there is a longitudinal equiliberious relationship between production, labor force, and capital variables and the consumption of oil products. So any limitation in their consumption will result in limitation in production. Since cheap energy has played an important role in the process of development and industrialization; and our industry has so far benefited cheap energy, if we deprive it of this preveledge, its competitive power with external products will be lost. This in turn will bring about recession and unemployment in the society: So it is proposed that a decrease in the consumption of oil products be done via an increase in consumption efficiency.

The present article gives a short analysis of performance measurement in public service organizations in Iran, Meanwhile, it mentions the necessity for the evaluation of their performance for the country management. At the same time, it aims at developing a mechanism for the evaluation and measurement of such institutes performance suitable for their administrative and executive organizations and cultural context. In this regard, a number of organizational performance measurement indices, that could be used in Iranian public service organizations with different activities and objectives, are identified and classified. Finally, the authors propose a model by means of which the performance of such organizations which benefit public budget could be evaluated and compared.

In this study, the behaviour of exchange rate and its effect on macroeconomic variables are investigated by employing "Impulse function medel" and "forcasting, error variance decomposition model". Studies show that keeping exchange rate artificially high, will result in disequilibrium of balance of payments and internal budget; and the reduction of exchange revenue because of sluggishness of agricultural and industrial activities will result in an increase in external debt and inflation; decrease in production capacity, perchasing power and national welfare. In the study of the effect of exchange policy on foreign trade, the main point is the unanticipated reaction of trade balance in the first phase of employing exchange policy, so that in the initial stages, devaluation might worsen the trade balance.The results show that in Irans economy, the effect of real devaluation of Rial can lead to the improvement and growth of non-oil exports. It is worth mentioning that the positive spectrum of this effect is limited and will not last more than a year. This confirms the existence of j" curve in Iran trade from the first quarter of 1977 to the last quarter of 1995. The results also show the importance of import share on the changes of real exchange rate. The changes of short-run production is affected by import, liquidity, effective real exchange rate, non-oil exports and production accordingly.The results indicate that the lags of liquidity and import variables explain the changes of non-oil exports significantly. Also, production in its equation, is affected only by its own lags. This means that, through the period of study, the exchange and momentary policies couldnt play a significant role in the production change. Lastly, in import equation, import is weakly affected by the lags of real exchange rate. That is through the period of study, the import restrictions as a predominant variable has had a pivoted role on the import movement process in Iran.

The man and the human resources are among the most important factors in the realization of development in todays world. Basically, the man power will be converted to human wealth when the society provides for its citizens an appropriate ground for the acquisition of knowledge and skills. Furthermore, the availability of skill learning and various specialities will result in attracting human force in different economic and industrial activities in the society. Since unemployment is the mother of crime and social deviations as well as the origin of social and political unrest in the society and the frusteration of the young. the present article investigates different strategies for providing employment and job opportunities in Khorassan province. Besides, it discusses the issue of job creation and the factors that might motivate people to create job opportunities both in the province and the country. The realization of job opportunities needs basic change in our views about the importance of employment as compared with other economic factors. Bringing people up as entrepreneur rather than job seekers from childhood is a vital issue which this article has tackled.

This article presents a new approach to optimizing production using the AHP and LP techniques. In a textile factory, the produced goods have a relative advantage from technical, technological, financial and commercial dimensions. Considering the productive, financial, and commercial limilations, and the priority of each period (short or long), we should choose the production combination in a way that, in addition to optimizing the profits of the factory, the views of the factory management be taken into account. In this article, the factors which will have an impact on the type of cloth in the production combination are identified by studying books, interviewing experts and giving them a questionnaire. Then the role of each factor in the market demand is compared with each other by using AHP approach, and finally their priority is determined. In the next phase, by using the LP (complex) technique and the AHP results, the amount of each type of fabric (irrespective of color) for production in the intented period will be determined.