Armaghane Danesh
Year:2017 | Volume:21 | Issue:12 (119)|Papers Count:9

Background and aim: The uterus as the major female reproductive organ is particularly vulnerable to environmental and hormonal like compounds. Exposure to estrogen like disrupting chemicals during critical periods of developmentespecially in the neonatal period can have adverse effects on reproduction and fertility later in life. In the present study, the effects of neonatal exposure of mycoestrogen zearalenone and antiestrogen tamoxifen on some histological characteristics of the uterus in female mice were investigated.Methods: 28 newborn female mice of BALB/c strain were divided into four groups of 7, three experimental and one control group. Treatment Groups included Tamoxifen (400mg /kg /day) group, group treated with zearalenone (2 mg /kg /day) and group treated with tamoxifen+zearalenone. Control mice received no treatment. Daily treatments was started first day of life and continued up to 5 subcutaneously.Approximately, 70 days after birth in diestrous stage of estrous cycle, mice were deeply anesthetized and uterus was removed. Following histochemical staining, the samples were studied using light and transmission electron microcopies.Results: The result of this study indicated that among the treatment groups, body weight decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the group which received Tamoxifen compared with control group. Uterus weight increased significantly in Zearalenone group (P<0.05), Tamoxifen and Zearalenone group (P<0.01).Endometrial thickness increased significantly (P<0.05) in group which received Tamoxifen and decreased significantly (P<0.05) in group which received Zearalenone. In addition, myometrial thickness decreased significantly (P<0.05) in group which received Zearalenone compared with control group. The study of electron microscopy showed that the number of cells of uterine luminal epithelial structure increased in the group treated with Tamoxifen compared with control group.Conclusion: The result of study indicated that neonatal administration of Tamoxifen and Zearalenone compounds cause histological lesions in uterus structure. Because of the estrogenic nature of zearalenone, the treated neonatal mice with this mycotoxin cause structural abnormalities especially inmyometrial structure. On the other hand, Tamoxifen as an estrogenic agonist cause endometrial thickness increase and alterations in the uterus.

Background and aims: Lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) with Interleukin1-b (IL1-b) are inflammatory proteins that induced the inflammatory reactions due to insufficient of physical activity. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of high intensity interval training on Lipocalin-2 and Interleukin1-b gene expressions in fast- and slow muscles of rats.Methods: In the present study, 20 Wistar rats were divided into HIIT and control groups. HIIT protocol was performed 60 min in each session for four sessions in each week. After warm-up, HIIT group was carried out 15 × 4 min bouts of HIIT with 85 to 90% of VO2max that continued with three min recovery (between each bout of HIIT) with 70% of VO2max. LCN-2 and IL1-β and their gene translations were evaluated by commercial kits and Real-Time PCR method, respectively.Results: Findings shown that VO2max was significantly increased and serum levels of LCN-2 and IL1-b were significantly decreased (p<0.05). Also, LCN-2 and IL1-b gene translations in both fastand slow muscles were significantly decreased (p<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that, current HIIT protocol has capability to significantly decrease both muscular and serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as LCN-2 and IL1-b in male rats.Particularly, results of current study shown that LCN-2 and IL1-b decreases are greater in EDL muscles.

Background and aim: Lack of physical activity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, pulmonary function and sleep quality, but with regular physical activity, may reduce many of these risk factors.The aim of this study was to find the effects of aerobic training on serum levels of nitric oxide, pulmonary function parameters and quality of sleep in women with type 2 diabetes.Methods: In the present quasi-experimental study, 20 type 2diabetic women were selected and randomly assigned into two exercise (n=12) and control (n=8) groups. Aerobic training program was performed for six weeks (4 times a week, with 50% to 80% heart rate reserve) who receive the time and intensity of exercise (50 to 80 HRR) was added. Main aerobic exercises presented in the form of 6 chain, each chain includes 32 motion. FVC, FEV1 Indices and nitric oxide levels were measured before and after the intervention and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaires were used to assess sleep quality. Statistical analysis were analyzed using t-test, analysis of covariance and correlation coefficient.Results: Six weeks of aerobic exercise indicated a significant reduction in sleep quality scores and but a significant increase in the concentration of nitric oxide and lung volumes (FVC and FEV1) compared to the control group (p£0.05), but no significant relationship between lung volumes and a score of sleep quality was observed.Conclusion: It seems that aerobic exercise training can have a considerable impact on serum nitric oxide pulmonary functions and thereby improve the sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background and aim: Nowadays, the probiotic bacteria such as lactobacilli are known as preventing factors the development of many diseases including cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect ofLactobacillus casei PTCC 1608 cell extract as probiotic bacteria on colon cancer cell line (HT29) and analysis ofBax and Bcl2 apoptosis gene expression.Methods: In this experimental study, the cell extract of heat killed L. casei was prepared at 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 μg/ml concentration. The cytotoxicity of various cell extracts on HT29 and HEC293 cell lines were evaluated in 24 hours using MTT assay. Moreover, theBax and Bcl2 apoptosis gene expression level in HT29 cell line was analyzed using Real Time PCR. The apoptotic effects of cell extract was determined using Flow-cytometry technique. Finally, the collected data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with the SPSS/18 software.Results: The results of MTT assay showed that cell extracts of L. casei was able to reduce the survival rate of HT29 cell line to 0.95±0.44, 73.45±0.21, 51.49±0.87, 39.5±0.45 and 19.7±0.55. Also at the same concentrations in HEC293 cell lines resulted in survival decreased rate of 98.67±056, 94.31±0.87, 26.0 ±1.92.1±0.26, 91.89.91±0.42, 34.8434±0.55, 29.79.29±0.49. In addition to the Real Time PCR results the expression level ofBax and Bcl2 was increased and decreased in HT29 cell line respectively (2.76 ± 0.54 (P<0.05), 0.21± 0.43 (P<0.05)) in 24 hrs. Moreover, the flow cytometry results indicated the 35.62 % apoptosis in HT29 cell line treated with IC50 value.Conclusion: The results show that the cell extract of L. casei PTCC 1608 could induced the apoptosis in HT29 cell line and it had low toxicity on HEC293 cell line. Therefore, it seems thatL. casei has potential uses as probiotic for pharmaceutical applications including prevention and treatment of colon cancer.

Background & aim: Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a medically important pathogen because of the increasing number of infections such as urinary tract infection, nasocomial infection, meningitis and respiratory tract. The aim of this research is to investigate the amplification, cloning and sequencing of two virulence factor genes of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from patients.Methods: In the present study, 30 samples of nosocomial infections (wounds, blood and urinary tract infections) were prepared from Imam Ali (AS) and Ayatollah Kashani hospitals. Samples were cultured on McConkey and blood agar. Isolation and identification ofAcinetobacter baumannii were performed by microscopic, microbiologic and biochemical tests. SmpA ompA gene were amplified by PCR techniques and inserted into pTZ57R/T T/A vector. The accuracy of the recombinant organisms was done by two methods of PCR and dual enzyme digestion.SmpA ompA gene cloned into plasmid pTZ57R / T were sequenced. Then smpA and ompA genes was sub-cloned into prokaryotic vector and expressed inE. coli by SDS-PAGE analyze.Result: Of the 30 samples collected, 10 samples were diagnosed (33.33%) as A. baumannii. Electrophoresis of PCR products showed two bands of 1150 and 411 bp that were related toompA and smpA genes. As a result of PCR and double digestion two band 1150 and 411bp ofompA and smpA genes were observed respectively. Sequencing showed similarity percentage of OmpA gene and smpA 9590 with the reference confirmed of sequence in VCBI.Conclusion: The results showed that the pTZ57R / T plasmid was suitable for cloning large fragments of DNA. Due to high fragmentation protection of smpA and ompA genes, it could be used to develop vaccines.

Background & aim: Adherence is the degree of patient's success to do the health experts recommendations. The aim of present research was to study the effects of motivational interviewing on adherence to in obese patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy surgery.Methods: The design of present semi- experimental study was pre-test, post-test with control group.The statistical population included all obese patients (BMI³35) that undergone laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy surgery in Shiraz Ghadir Mother & Child Hospital during the winter of 2015 and the spring of 2016.30 of them were selected by using available sampling method and they randomly were asssigned to experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The post bariatic surgery selfmanagement behaviors questionnaire was used to collect data in two steps (pre-test and post-test). Motivational interviewing was implemented for the experimental group in four weeks (each week a 1.5 hour session). Data were analysed by using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA).Results: MANCOVA results show that motivational interviewing led to a statistically significant difference between pre-test and post-test BSSQ total scores (P<0.0001) and subscales eating behaviors (P<0.0001), fluid intake (P<0.03), vitamin and mineral supplement intake (P<0.01), fruit, vegitable, whole grain intake and protein (P<0.01) & dumping syndrome management (P<0.002). But there was no significant difference in the score of physical activity (P>0.07).Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, implementation of motivational interviewing in order to enhance adherence and self-management behaviors, achieve favorable weight loss and reduce postoperative complications in obese patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy surgery, but it appears that longer interventions are necessary to increase the rate of physical activity.

Background and aim: Fluoroquinolones are group of antibiotics that are commonly used as broad-spectrum and resistance to them is expanding. The mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones inS. aureus is important in mutation a subunit of topoisomerase type II grlA and efflux pump. This study was aimed was to investigate mutations ingrlA and norA genes of clinical isolates of S. aureus resistant to fluoroquinolones Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 85 S. aureus isolates from different clinical samples using culture and molecular methods were identified. The resistant of these isolates to fluoroquinolones was determined by disc diffusion method and MIC ciprofloxacin method was tested by macro dilution broth. To examine the relationship between infection and the position of each drug resistance status the chi-square test was used. A P value of<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Mutations in the quinolone resistancedetermining regions (QRDR) in chromosomalgrlA gene and norA gen mutations was investigated in quinolone-resistantS. aureus isolates, by PCR amplification of grlA and norA genes and sequencing.Results: In this study, 20% of isolates were resistant to all antibiotics fluoroquinolones studied. Using statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between fluoroquinolone resistance in isolates ofS.aureusinfection in patients and location was observed. MIC ciprofloxacin resistant isolates to fluoroquinolones was ranged between 32-512 mg/ml. Two single mutations S80F and S80F and a pattern of P144S+P144S in thegrlA gene of fluoroquinolone resistant strains of S. aureus were identified, but no mutations were found in genes norA resistant strains. Also, no relationship between MIC of ciprofloxacin in resistant isolates and mutation ingrlA was seen.Conclusion: The obtained results demonstrated that grlA gene mutation is one of the most important mechanisms of resistance to ciprofloxacin in clinical isolates ofS. aureus in Rasht and most of resistant isolates acquired common mutation in codon 80.

Aim & Objective: Twin ectopic pregnancy is very rare and in most cases occurs due to the use of assisted reproductive treatments. This study reports a case of twin ectopic pregnancy and spontaneous one-way deals.Patient presentation: Investigated woman was 28 years old with third pregnancy and abortion recored have a healthy child of five years, with bleeding due to threatened abortion, despite treatment with progesterone. Following ultrasound, ectopic pregnancy twin confirmed eight weeks and finally due to signs of uterine rupture, the mother was undergone salpingectomy.Conclusion: The study reports a case of ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous unilateral twins, who had been threatened abortion treats incorrectly, Therefore, in pregnant women with bleeding in early pregnancy are the common complaints, it is necessary to treat threatened abortion, ectopic pregnancy diagnosis should be considered.