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سال:1397 | دوره:23 | شماره:3 |تعداد مقالات:10

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disabling disease, which its incidence seems to have a significant increase during the last decade, especially in Iran. This is a narrative review regarding IBD treatment options including conventional and biological treatments, their indications, and their adverse effects. At the end, there is a brief discussion regarding IBD in special groups such as in pregnant women and the effect of nutrition in IBD.

Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is an important complication of low-dose aspirin. There are few and conflicting results about the etiology of UGIB in relation to low-dose aspirin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy of patients taking low-dose aspirin who developed UGIB. Materials and Methods: The medical records of patients with UGIB who referred to Fatemieh Hospital, Semnan, Iran during 2001-2011 were studied and eligible patients were enrolled to the study. The endoscopic data were extracted and compared between the patients taking low-dose aspirin and who were not taking aspirin (control). Results: 419 cases were studied. 58 (13. 8%) patients consumed low-dose aspirin and 204 (48. 7%) patients did not consume aspirin. The average age of the patients who received low-dose aspirin and those in the control groups were 65. 9 ± 5. 9 and 50. 4 ± 22. 3 years, respectively (p = 0. 000). 46. 6% and 32. 4% of the patients in low-dose aspirin and control groups were women, respectively, and the remaining patients were men (p > 0. 05). The main endoscopic findings in low-dose aspirin and control groups were erosions of the stomach, duodenum, and esophagus (55. 9% and 51. 7%) and peptic ulcer (50% and 43. 6%), respectively. The other findings such as neoplasia, Mallory Weiss, and hiatal hernia were uncommon (1. 7% and 5. 9%). The prevalence of endoscopic findings was not statistically significant between the two groups (p > 0. 05). Conclusion: In this small study, although patients with UGIB and low-dose aspirin consumption had more peptic ulcers and erosions in comparison with the control group, the difference was not significant.

Background: Crohn’ s disease is the most challenging, common type of autoimmune disorders due to which, intestine is inflamed but its causes have not been defined. Although Crohn’ s disease has been often thought of as an autoimmune disorder, it can be triggered by whatever that lead to the inflammation in the whole bowel. Henceforth, exploring trade-off among this disease and genomic variants supposedly will enhance the identification of important genes and in turn to the possible therapeutic protocols. The aim of the present study was to identify any association between Crohn’ s disease and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Materials and Methods: We retrieved single nucleotide polymorphism of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on Crohn’ s disease among which we extracted neighboring genes and expression variants in addition to pathways in which the affected genes are enriched. Results: Using GWAS data can help to explain the disease incidence. We noticed that genes harboring single nucleotide polymorphisms in Crohn’ s disease were mainly enriched in interleukin pathways in addition to fatty acid and choline metabolism. Conclusion: The affected genes obtained by data analysis like fatty acid desaturase (FADS) and solute carrier family 22 (SLC22) could be proposed for future studies in order to clarifying their interactions by confident experiments and cross-sectional studies.