JOSTARHA-YE TARIKHI (FARHANG) (HISTORICAL STUDIES)
Year:2009 | Volume:22 | Issue:3 (71) (ISSUE TOPIC: HISTORY)|Papers Count:7

Shah Tahmaseb the first turned Ghazvin into the capital of the Safavi dynasty in 962 A.H (the capital used to be Tabris). To do so he ordered a government building to be built. This was a complex consisting of palaces and beautiful gardens. When this complex was completed Shah Tahmaseb ordered Abdi beig to write poems about the paintings of the well-known artists painted on the walls. Abdi beig Navidi, one of the famous poets of the time, named his poems about these paintings Janate Adan.This article discusses the artistic description of these paintings in Abdibeig's poems Janate Adan.

The book "Eghd Al-ola" by Afzal Ai-din Kermani discusses Kennan's chaos following Toghrolshah Ghavordi’s death. This book both criticizes Kenna's rulers of the time and using the Siyaral-Muluk it gives some suggestions the following is some of the things that the contrastive analysis carried out in this article tries to uncover.The position of kings in the society,The relationship of religion and muluks,How the king's carried out justice,The states of the people, the army, and the treasury,The king's roll in the society,The reasons behind the shortcomings of the government.

The present article explores reasons behind the failure of the Jungle's Movement. According to this article the Jungle's Movement used to be an Islamic and a national movement before the Red Army interred Iran. The movement wanted foreign forces to leave Iran, the oppressive politicians to be brought to justice, and it also wanted the people to be able to achieve their rights. Little by little the idealistic revolutionary environment of the time and the existence of rebels among the members led to the alternation of the ideology that they had first begun with, and eventually it caused their failure

Iran and Ottoman have had extended relations, but there has been little research on this issue. What is first evident from researches done on Iran and Ottoman's relations is the bloody wars they have gone through. It appears that there has not been sufficient research carried out on their political history, as well as their economical, social, and cultural history. Using the pattern of the Islamic-Eastern relations the author seeks a basis for the structure of Iran and Ottoman's relations. This article is to explore the diversions and conversions of this relationship with an unbiased glance at the history.

This study looks into the bureaucratic changes in Iran's history. The bureaucratic structure as an example of the whole society has always played a crucial role in the improvement or the drawback of the society. Due to the lack of sufficient laws and lawfulness through Iran's history, the need for any kind of fundamental change in the bureaucracy was not felt up to the Qajar dynasty. In the first Qajar period some of the politicians got familiar with the modern changes throughout the world. At this time they realized that a basic change in Iran's bureaucracy is called for.

This article discusses the way Reza Khan came into power, how the politicians of the day thought about him, and Ayatollah Modares's fight against Reza Khan's dictatorship.While most politicians knew Reza Khan as the supreme leader of innovations and improvements, Ayatollah Modares stood against him. A few people like Ayatollah Modares were aware of the fact that by the so called innovations and improvements, Reza Khan sought a mod form of dictatorship, one which fifty years later was overthrown by the Islamic revolution. Due to Ayatollah Modares's struggle for freedom, he has been called the hero of liberty.

Victory letters are letters written by sultans or commanders to let other sultans and rulers know about the victory they have achieved. It appears that such letters had been most popular from the time of the Rashedin Khalifas untiltil the Afshariye dynasty came into power. The study of these letters reveals valuable information on the overall states of the society, the reasons of wars and victories and the ways of writing especially formal letter writing. Therefore they have been known as literary schools and social and political documents. This article will review the trend of victory letter writing in Islam.