مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2010
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    SIXTH IRANIAN CONGRESS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    249
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: It has been reported that atypical chest pain could have some relationship with panic disorders, anxiety and some other psychological problems. The present case control study is performed to evaluate general health state of patients with atypical chest pain and to study the most usual accompanying symptoms.Methods: Patients with less than 35 years old were included in the study. Patients with atypical chest pain were included as chest pain group if the probability of ischemic heart disease was low according to ACC/AHA guideline or they had negative stress tests. Control group were age and sex matched. General health questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28) were given to both groups and other data were gathered through interview.Results: Seventy patients with chest pain and 70 controls were included. Mean age of study group was 24.9 ± 6.4 years and 87.1% were female and 73.8% lived in the cities. There was no significant difference in history of diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, hyperlipidemia, drug consumption, family history, intake of coffee. Frequency of point chest pain was 33.8%, very short chest pain 58.8%, permanent chest pain 11.8%, chest tenderness 7.35%, pleuretic chest pain 17.65%, and radiation of chest pain to epigastr was 5.88%. Mean scores of GHQ-28 was 30.7±14.5 in chest pain group and 23.6 ± 12.2 in control group (P=0.002). Palpitation and dyspnea were more prevalent in chest pain group (63.24% palpitation in chest pain group VS 24.64% in controls and 57.35% dyspnea in chest pain group VS 15.94% in controls), but desire for deep breath and difficulty in deep breath was not significantly different.Conclusion: The results of the present study confirm that patient with atypical chest pain have worse general health state. It is not clear that worse general health state is a reason of atypical chest pain or an incidental concomitant finding. Also the present study showed that palpitation and dyspnea may coexist with atypical chest pain. Whether these findings are due to more prevalent psychological problems in the patient with chest pain or not needs to be studied in future.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2010
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    SIXTH IRANIAN CONGRESS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    270
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: The Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at School of Public Health redesigned the traditional MPH summer project and developed a six-week summer course project for MPH students from 1998. Since that time, three hundred students have participated. The purposes of this course are to provide MPH graduate students with an opportunity to identify problems that affect the health of a defined population (community assessment) and determine the availability of resources within the community to adequately address these problems. Methods: The authors began a retrospective cohort study of program graduates and other graduates to understand the effect of the program on students' perceptions of their competency and their ability to develop, implement, and evaluate a public health assessment as one of their core competencies. A questionnaire containing both closed (visual analog scale [VAS]) and open-ended questions was developed and distributed electronically to all graduates. They were asked to reply by a deadline. The questionnaire included questions about respondents specific skills on collection and interpretation of data; evaluation of health resources; identification and prioritization of health problems (Community Assessment); and development of strategies and plans of action for addressing these problems (Community Diagnosis); Scores were analyzed using a spreadsheet program.Results: On average, groups were consisted of 4 persons. This project-based course helped the graduate students highly improve their skills in assessing and prioritizing community problems (67.4%), collecting and analyzing data (72.1%) and resources (52.5%), considering community diagnoses (39.6%) and improve their practical skills (55.8%). When asked about recommending this project-based course to newer and junior MPH graduate students, nearly 76.8% of the students stated that they would highly recommended it. Conclusion: It seems that this summer project course has improved MPH graduate students’ competency and ability to develop, implement, and evaluate a public health assessment project as one of the core competencies for Public Health Professionals for 21st century. Graduate students differed in their ability and opportunity to implement and make use of their experiences after completing the MPH course in their real work life; but they all agreed that this course should be part of the curriculum for every healthcare professional. When asked to score for “the degree to which you recommend this course to other MPH and medical students”, nearly 80 percent of them said “highly”. There seems to be some prerequisites in planning and implementing such training courses: They all should be tutor or mentor-facilitated. The tutor or mentor should be familiar with the problems and issues of the chosen districts. An explanation session and problem-solving before the course helps students to streamline the process of data gathering and analyzing. It is better to encourage and document well-done projects.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2010
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    SIXTH IRANIAN CONGRESS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    256
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: New entering students are faced to different kinds of stressors such as the pressure of academics, residence conditions, an uncertain future and difficulties of integrating into social system which may affect their self-esteem, learning ability and can cause physical and mental health problems.Methods: The present analytic cross sectional study aimed to find out the trend of psychological status of new entering students of Shaheed Sadoughi University of medical science during five years (2003-2007). Data of 1797 students Gathered by General Health Questionnaire (CHQ-28) in advisory & guidance center of university were analyzed. The association of demographic factors such as age, sex, marital status and educational characteristics with level of GHQ score was studied.Results: Out of 1797, 1328 (%74) and 469 (%26) were males and females respectively. Median age of subjects was 19 years and %16 of those married. Overall, %35/4 of students showed GHQ³23, of those %31/3 were boys and %36/3 girls (p=.03). The highest relative frequency of GHQ³23 was related to students of year of 2005 (%45) and the least was for 2002 (%30) (p=.002). %42/2, %34/1, %34/7 and % 33/4 of students of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical &dental, Paramedical and Health had GHQ level of ³23 where the observed differences was found to be statistically significant (p=.04). No such a significant association was showed when the comparison was done within singular years.Conclusion: our findings revealed that over one- third of new entering students had GHQ score of ³23 for whom the specials supportive programmers should be considered. Moreover, an increasing trend was shown in the frequency of GHQ level of ³23 among new entering students from 2002 to 2007.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2010
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    SIXTH IRANIAN CONGRESS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    244
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: During last decade, an average of 4,000 people were killed and 55,000 affected annually by natural disasters in Iran. Although the rural areas of the country with 34 million of population are highly vulnerable to natural disasters, no disaster risk management structure has been defined in the village level. This project aimed to reduce the risk of natural disasters in rural area of Golestan province through empowerment of the community by extending the participate of citizens with all-hazard approach.Methods: A rural-level cluster stratified randomized controlled trial was conducted among households (n=1080) in North of Iran during 2008-2009. Using a two-armed (Intervention & Comparison groups), we tested a participatory intervention with key stakeholders in rural as the primary target group and potential agents of behavioral change. Systematic random samples of households were selected from the baseline households listing in health centers. The baselines and endlines surveys were analyses to assess changes in outcomes in both comparisons and intervention. Multiple logistic regression models with STATA 9.0 were used for analysis.Results: Comparison the findings of endline survey in intervention and comparison areas, considering the effect of baseline situation in both areas, shows that the intervention is completely successfully in terms of increasing the people knowledge and practice about "hazard Map", "Safe Zone", "Hazard Preparedness" and "Evacuation Drill", etc.Conclusion: The project has provided a research-based evidence of a people-centred model of disaster risk management in the villages. We hope the results will be extent to consider all-hazard approach and applicable to the other rural setting in the country and will be integrated in the current disaster management.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2010
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    SIXTH IRANIAN CONGRESS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    269
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: The overall objective of disaster epidemiology is to measure scientifically and describe the health impacts disasters and the factors contributing. The result of such surveys allow disaster epidemiologist to assess the needs of disaster affected people and plan for future disasters. The region of EMRO belongs to geography division of WHO, that is included 22 countries. The eastern outskirt is Pakistan and Afghanistan and western one is Tunisia and Morocco. Iran is occurred in near the east boundary. The aim of this study was the comparison occurred disasters in this region. Methods: For the collection of data has been used of the CRED-EMDAT international database. All of deaths, number of affected people and loss of cost was assessed by country in fourth recently years. Finally the important disaster was denoted base on the highest number of deaths.Results: The total deaths, affected people and economic loss were 536,130- 149,338,075 and 42,758,273 ($), respectively. About 698 disasters were happened in this period and the most of frequent were earthquake, flood, drought, storm and mass movement wet. Base on number of deaths, the drought of Sudan has the first rank (150,000 in Apr, 1983), the earthquake of Pakistan is the second (73,338 in Oct 2005) and the third is the Rodabar- Manjil earthquake of Iran (40,000 Juan 1990). The overall disasters of Iran are about 184 that included the 155,495 deaths, 44,057, 480 affected and the totally economic losses were 21,499,696 dollars.Conclusion: The results showed that the high frequent of important disaster in EMRO region. Most of EMRO countries is developing, then the occurring of major disasters can be destroyed the structures and lives. The appropriate investigations such as conducting the Regional Disaster Managements Committee can be useful.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2010
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    SIXTH IRANIAN CONGRESS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    239
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Assault should be seen as a public health issue, and not simply a criminal justice issue. No country or community is untouched by violence. It is among the leading causes of death for people aged 15-44 years worldwide. Each year, more than 1.6 million people worldwide lose their lives to violence. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of assaults involving a stabbing in Urmia. Methods: In this cross sectional study that conducted over a 1 year period, used of information recorded on victims of violent assault using a knife, who attended the Accident and Emergency departments of 3 general Hospitals of Urmia. Descriptive statistical methods and chi square test were used for statistical analyses. Results: During 1 year 703 victims of assault involving stabbing were identified (95% were male).Seasonally, In fall season, the most violent assault cases occurred between the hours of 13-15 and 19-21. Mostly, they were at the age groups of <18 and 19-28. Regarding marital status, there is different situation for males and females as at males singles were more vulnerable than married OR = 3.97 (1.63, 10.59) P value 0.0005, but single females were less vulnerable than married OR = 0.25 (0.09, 0.61) P value 0.0005. The commonest site of injury was upper limbs (34.5%). The case fatality rate following assault with a knife was 5.69 per 1000 victims (4/703). Conclusion: The fall season is launching time of schools and educational centers and regard to most victims' age groups in this season were<18 and 19-28 so that mostly attended at the hours of 13-15 and 19-21 (lockup times of these centers), it sound the students and collegians to be high risk groups followed by violent assault with a knife in community.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2010
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    SIXTH IRANIAN CONGRESS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    262
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Natural disasters may strike a community at any time, causing death, injuries and material destruction. Knowledge of the epidemiology of disaster impacts is essential to determine effective responses. Iran is one of the most aired regions of the world, and suffers frequent natural disasters during the last decade were reported four major earthquake, one flood and the worst drought in the last third years. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the extensive disasters in Iran. Methods: For the collection of data has been used of the CRED-EMDAT international database and DesInventar. All of extensive natural disasters (death>50, affected>500) for deaths and number of affected people was assessed by province and city in ten recently years (2000-2010).Results: The total deaths, affected people were 208 and 1827, respectively. About 50 disasters were happened in this period that 15 of them were extensive and the most of frequent were hydro metrological (53%) and 47%of them were me theological. All province of country has been reported one or more disasters.Conclusion: The results showed that the all kind of major disaster in Iran region has been reported in last decade. Conducting disaster risk reduction actions would be priority in Manager Organizations.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2010
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    SIXTH IRANIAN CONGRESS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    268
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are among the most common infectious diseases in humans. The prevalence of herpes simplex viruse type 2 (HSV-2) varies widely across the world. (1) Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the cause of most genital herpes and is almost always sexually transmitted. Most HSV-2 infections are consequently expected to occur after the onset of sexual activity.(3) Genital herpes is a cause of morbidity and increases the risk of HIV acquisition, due to disruption of mucosal membranes. Data on prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections are limited in Asia. Our study focuses on seroepidemiology of HSV-2 infection in Islamic Azad University of Kazeroun asymptomatic healthy students.Methods: In our descriptive study, the study group comprised 450 students with the average age of 22.2. At the beginning, demographic data were recorded by using a questionnaire. For serological studies 5 ml of blood sample was collected and the serum was isolated by centrifugation. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for determination of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titer to the HSV-2. Finally the results were analyzed by statistical methods.Results: Overall, HSV-2-IgG antibody was positive in 105 persons (23.3%) out of 450 subjects and they had a previous infection. We can find a significant difference in prevalence between men and women but didn’t find any significant relationship between students with different field of study and their residence (p>0.05).Conclusions: The overall incidence of HSV-2 infection in this study was 23.3%. Certainly information on age- and gender-specific prevalence of HSV-2 infection is crucial to guide herpes control strategies and prevention of HSV-2 infection should target individuals before they become sexually active.(6)

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2010
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    SIXTH IRANIAN CONGRESS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    229
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Smoking is the first preventable cause of death in the world. This problem is one of the most important difficulties of public health which has involved adolescents and young people. Since smoking incidence pattern has changed and needed to be recognized, getting involved the community and also health officials in this field is so essential and at the same time few researches have been conducted about this matter, present study got to perform to determine influencing factors in smoking (on the basis of BASNEF Model which is a new one of health education models derived from behavioral sciences) among boy university students studying in kermanshah city.Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study in which 569students (from Razi University, Kermanshah University Of Medical Sciences, Islamic open University, Payam noor University) studying in Kermanshah in the year 1387. Sampling method was Snowball and data collected by researcher- made questionnaire consisting of 70 questions included 5 sections which analyzed by SPSS software through Central Indices, One-Way Variance analysis and X2. Results: Knowledge and attitude grade averages about smoking among students were , in turn, 89±7/1 and 72/7±6/2 in this study. Smoked cigar number average was 10/7 ones per day. There was no any significant relation between smoked cigar numbers and university kind or educational level of students. The most frequency of enabling factors for smoking was Easy access to cigar and the most influencing social norm in smoking was students close friends. The most frequent reason to smoke stated by students were to keep themselves calm (38/3%), not to have suitable pastimes and to be so curious to try smoking for the first time.Conclusion: Having friends smoking is the most considerable factor to attract students to be caught by this habit which demonstrate the role of mate group pressure among young people. The second outstanding Factor among social norms was having smoking parents. Parents are considered as one of the reference group for their children so that they immitate their parents behaviors during decision making. Their instructors in university and TV stars were the later ones influenced their intention to smoke.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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