THE EFFECT OF PLANTING PATTERN AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON YIELD OF BASIL (OCIMUM BASIILICUM L.) AND COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.) INTERCROPPING UNDER WEED COMPETITION

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ABADIAN H.; YARNIA M.; PIRDASHTI H.; ABASI R.; FARAHVASH F.

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Journal: Crop Production Year:2015 | Volume:8 | Issue:3 Page(s): 1-18

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Title

THE EFFECT OF PLANTING PATTERN AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON YIELD OF BASIL (OCIMUM BASIILICUM L.) AND COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.) INTERCROPPING UNDER WEED COMPETITION

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Keywords

PLANTING RATIOQ2

DENSITYQ2

RELATIVE VALUE TOTALQ2

LAND EQUIVALENT RATIOQ2

ADVANTAGEQ1

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Intercropping as one of the sustainable agriculture methods to improve biodiversity, reduce soil erosion and hence increase productivity, soil fertility and optimize environmental resources usage.Furthermore, this system could be a successful strategy to simultaneously increase crop productivity and suppress weeds. The present study was aimed to evaluate the intercropping of basil (Ocimum basiilicum L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) under different levels of nitrogen and weed competition conditions.Materials and Methods: The experiment was carried out as a split-split plot based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications during 2010-2011 at Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University. The treatments were weed control and infestation as the main plots, levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50 and 100 Kg ha-1) as sub plots, monocropping of cowpea and basil, and additive PLANTING RATIOs of 25, 50 and 75% of basil as sub-sub plots.Results: Results showed that the maximum yield of basil (430.37 Kg ha-1) and cowpea (685.16 Kg ha-1) were recorded in 100: 50 intercropping which received either 100 or 50 Kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer under weed control conditions, respectively. In weed infested plots, however, the maximum yield of basil (138.95 Kg ha-1) was obtained in 100: 25 intercropping with 100 Kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer. Also, the highest intercropping ADVANTAGE (LA=1.74) belonged to 100: 25 intercropping with 100 Kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer in weed control conditions.Meanwhile, the maximum LAND EQUIVALENT RATIO (LER=1.43) and RELATIVE VALUE TOTAL(RVT=1.88) were observed in 100: 50 intercropping which fertilized with 50 or 100 Kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer in weed free plots, respectively. Under weed control conditions, area time equivalent ratio (ATER) was recorded more than one while under weed competition ATER was less than one except in 100: 25 PLANTING RATIO combination. Also, the maximum ATER value (1.16) belonged to 100: 50 (basil: cowpea) combination and application of 50 Kg ha-1 of nitrogen and weed control conditions. Weed dramatically suppressed when nitrogen application was increased in intercropping where crops leaf area and biomass were improved while weeds biomass and number declined. In separate levels of nitrogen and intercropping, however, weeds number and biomass roughly decreased.Conclusion: Results showed that in different intercropping combinations, application of 0, 50 and 100 Kg ha-1 of nitrogen decreased weed number by 24, 49 and 72 %, respectively and weed biomass by 42.85, 56.67 and 78.27 %, respectively as compared those sole cropping. Generally, increasing nitrogen fertilizer caused faster canopy closure of both plant species which led to reduced weeds population and biomass and increased their competitiveness.

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APA: Copy

ABADIAN, H., YARNIA, M., PIRDASHTI, H., ABASI, R., & FARAHVASH, F.. (2015). THE EFFECT OF PLANTING PATTERN AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON YIELD OF BASIL (OCIMUM BASIILICUM L.) AND COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.) INTERCROPPING UNDER WEED COMPETITION. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF CROP PRODUCTION, 8(3), 1-18. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/135167/en

Vancouver: Copy

ABADIAN H., YARNIA M., PIRDASHTI H., ABASI R., FARAHVASH F.. THE EFFECT OF PLANTING PATTERN AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON YIELD OF BASIL (OCIMUM BASIILICUM L.) AND COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.) INTERCROPPING UNDER WEED COMPETITION. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF CROP PRODUCTION[Internet]. 2015;8(3):1-18. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/135167/en

IEEE: Copy

H. ABADIAN, M. YARNIA, H. PIRDASHTI, R. ABASI, and F. FARAHVASH, “THE EFFECT OF PLANTING PATTERN AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON YIELD OF BASIL (OCIMUM BASIILICUM L.) AND COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.) INTERCROPPING UNDER WEED COMPETITION,” ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF CROP PRODUCTION, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 1–18, 2015, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/135167/en

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