THE STATUS OF PERSIAN BOOK DESIGNERS IN TOPKAPI-SARAY ART WORKSHOPS, ON THE BASIS OF OTTOMAN “EHL-I HIREF” DOCUMENTS OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY

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FAROKHFAR FARZANEH; KHAZAIE MOHAMMAD; HATAM GHOLAMALI

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Journal: ISLAMIC ART Year:2012 | Volume:8 | Issue:15 Page(s): 35-52

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Title

THE STATUS OF PERSIAN BOOK DESIGNERS IN TOPKAPI-SARAY ART WORKSHOPS, ON THE BASIS OF OTTOMAN “EHL-I HIREF” DOCUMENTS OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY

Author(s)

FAROKHFAR FARZANEH | KHAZAIE MOHAMMAD | HATAM GHOLAMALI | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

TOPKAPI-SARAY WORKSHOPSQ2

EHL-I HIREF DOCUMENTSQ2

OTTOMAN ART OF THE BOOKQ2

ISTANBULQ2

PERSIAN ARTISTSQ2

OTTOMAN PAINTINGSQ2

Abstract

The beginning of sixteenth century coincided with political unrest in Persia that led to migration of many of PERSIAN ARTISTS to the eastern and western area of the country. A number of PERSIAN ARTISTS travelled to the Ottoman Empire. Ottoman Ehl-i Hiref (Community of the Talented) are one of the reliable documents that provide considerable information about activities of a number of immigrant PERSIAN ARTISTS in Topkapi-Saray art workshops. The importance of reexamining such documents is reinforced by the fact that many professions of the Turkish court in the initial decades of the tenth century hegira mimicked the Persian art workshops and were established by PERSIAN ARTISTS. Therefore, it is hypothesized that immigrant PERSIAN ARTISTS were present and their works are mirrored in such documents and workshops of the Turkish court.The purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, the immigrant PERSIAN ARTISTS who were skilled craftsmen at book ornamentation will be introduced; secondly, their place and significant role in the flourishing of Topkapi-Saray art workshops will be discussed. Prior to the immigration of PERSIAN ARTISTS to ISTANBUL (following the Chaldoran War in 1514 AD.), there were few professions and craftsmen in TOPKAPI-SARAY WORKSHOPS; however, after the arrival of PERSIAN ARTISTS to ISTANBUL, the Ottoman arts flourished in both quantity of artists and professional artworks. PERSIAN ARTISTS were countless in the fields of book designing particularly in painting, that they were prominent in comparison with other members of TopKapi-Saray art workshop. Studies on the EHL-I HIREF DOCUMENTS show that the highest wage of Topkapi-Saray art-workshops in sixteenth century were paid to the Persian painters. The society of Persian painters in ISTANBUL was among the largest active groups in the first half of the sixteenth century; nevertheless, their activities gradually decreased in the second half, and approximately at the end of the century, reference of the names of PERSIAN ARTISTS vanished in the documents.Objectives: 1- Introducing the PERSIAN ARTISTS of the Topkapi-Saray art workshops according to the EHL-I HIREF DOCUMENTS.2- Understanding the level and rank of Persian artisits in the mentioned workshops and their value and significance in promoting OTTOMAN PAINTINGS. Questions: 1- By examining the EHL-I HIREF DOCUMENTS at TOPKAPI-SARAY WORKSHOPS, is there an indication about the presence of PERSIAN ARTISTS in the Ottoman art workshops? 2- What is the place of PERSIAN ARTISTS in the TOPKAPI-SARAY WORKSHOPS according to the document at hand?

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APA: Copy

FAROKHFAR, FARZANEH, KHAZAIE, MOHAMMAD, & HATAM, GHOLAMALI. (2012). THE STATUS OF PERSIAN BOOK DESIGNERS IN TOPKAPI-SARAY ART WORKSHOPS, ON THE BASIS OF OTTOMAN “EHL-I HIREF” DOCUMENTS OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. ISLAMIC ART, 8(15), 35-52. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/136801/en

Vancouver: Copy

FAROKHFAR FARZANEH, KHAZAIE MOHAMMAD, HATAM GHOLAMALI. THE STATUS OF PERSIAN BOOK DESIGNERS IN TOPKAPI-SARAY ART WORKSHOPS, ON THE BASIS OF OTTOMAN “EHL-I HIREF” DOCUMENTS OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. ISLAMIC ART[Internet]. 2012;8(15):35-52. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/136801/en

IEEE: Copy

FARZANEH FAROKHFAR, MOHAMMAD KHAZAIE, and GHOLAMALI HATAM, “THE STATUS OF PERSIAN BOOK DESIGNERS IN TOPKAPI-SARAY ART WORKSHOPS, ON THE BASIS OF OTTOMAN “EHL-I HIREF” DOCUMENTS OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY,” ISLAMIC ART, vol. 8, no. 15, pp. 35–52, 2012, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/136801/en

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