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Information Journal Paper

Title

Cadmium Bioremoval from Water by Probiotics in Simulated ‎Microgravity and Mars Gravity

Pages

  63-70

Abstract

 Changes in Earth's gravity can significantly affect the behavior and performance of organisms, leading to the discovery of new practical methods for various applications. Heavy metal toxicity poses substantial risks to human health. Cadmium (Cd), one of the most hazardous heavy metals, causes defects in genome repair following oxidative stress and DNA damage, potentially leading to cancer. Several strategies have been introduced to remove heavy metals from water, including surface adsorption, membrane filtration, ion exchange, chemical precipitation, and nanotechnology treatments. Among these, bioremediation using Probiotics has been identified as a cost-effective, safe, and efficient method for heavy metal removal. This study measured the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus on Cadmium bioremoval under simulated Microgravity and Mars gravity conditions. For the bioremoval tests, 52.5 μg/L of Cadmium was added to bacterial biomass and subjected to Microgravity conditions. Similar samples were also placed under Mars's gravity. Control samples were maintained under identical conditions but with Earth's gravity. At the end of the treatment period, the tubes were centrifuged, and the remaining Cadmium concentration in the supernatant was measured. The results showed that a 24-hour water treatment by L. acidophilus removed 43.77% of the Cadmium concentration under Earth's gravity, 54.74% under Microgravity, and 54.84% under Mars's gravity. Statistical analysis demonstrated that L. acidophilus effectively facilitated Cadmium bioremoval, and this capability was sustained even under different gravitational conditions. Therefore, this bacterium can mitigate heavy metal pollution during space missions, safeguarding astronauts' health.

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