RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT PRODUCTION UNDER THE SIMILAR RAINFALL EVENTS IN DIFFERENT AGGREGATE SIZES OF AN AGRICULTURAL SOIL

Q: How can I download an article?

To download an article from SID, first log in to the site, search for the article title, and click on the 'Download Article' option.

Q: How can I download an ISI article?

To download an ISI article on SID, enter the keyword or article title in the search bar, view the relevant results, click on the desired article, and select the 'Download Article' option.

Q: How can I access the SID database?

To access the SID database, visit SID.ir, create an account, and log in to access scientific resources.

Q: Is downloading articles from SID free?

Some articles on SID are available for free, while others require payment. Details are specified on the article's page.

ESLAMI S.F.; VAEZI A.R.

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Journal of Water and Soil Year:2016 | Volume:29 | Issue:6 Page(s): 1590-1600

Download Full-Text

Persian Verion

View:

706

Download:

Cites:

Information Journal Paper

Title

RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT PRODUCTION UNDER THE SIMILAR RAINFALL EVENTS IN DIFFERENT AGGREGATE SIZES OF AN AGRICULTURAL SOIL

Author(s)

ESLAMI S.F. | VAEZI A.R. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

AGGREGATEQ2

RUNOFFQ1

SEDIMENT CONCENTRATIONQ2

SIMULATED RAINFALLQ2

Abstract

Introduction: Soil erosion by water is the most serious form of land degradation throughout the world, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. In these areas, soils are weakly structured and are easily disrupted by raindrop impacts. Soil erosion is strongly affected by different factors such as rainfall characteristics, slope properties, vegetation cover, conservation practices, and soil erodibility. Different physicochemical soil properties such texture, structure, infiltration rate, organic matter, lime and exchangeable sodium percentage can affect the soil erodibility as well as soil erosion. Soil structure is one of the most important properties influencing RUNOFF and soil loss because it determines the susceptibility of the AGGREGATEs to detach by either raindrop impacts or RUNOFF shear stress. Many soil properties such as particle size distribution, organic matter, lime, gypsum, and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) can affect the soil aggregation and the stability. AGGREGATEs size distribution and their stability can be changed considerably because of agricultural practices. Information about variations of RUNOFF and sediment in the rainfall events can be effective in modeling RUNOFF as well as sediment. Thus, the study was conducted to determine RUNOFF and sediment production of different AGGREGATE sizes in the rainfall event scales.Materials and Methods: Toward the objective of the study, five AGGREGATE classes consist of 0.25-2, 2-4.75, 4.75-5.6, 5.6-9.75, and 9.75-12.7 mm were collected from an agricultural sandy clay loam (0-30 cm) using the related sieves in the field. Physicochemical soil analyses were performed in the AGGREGATE samples using conventional methods in the lab. The AGGREGATE samples were separately filed into fifteen flumes with a dimension of 50 cm ´ 100 cm and 15-cm in depth. The AGGREGATE flumes were fixed on a steel plate with 9% slope and were exposed to the SIMULATED RAINFALLs for investigating RUNOFF and soil loss (sediment). Ten same rainfall events with 60 mm h-1 in intensity for 30 min were applied using a designed rainfall simulator in the lab. The rainfall simulator had a rainfall plate with a dimension of 100 cm ´ 120 cm which has been fixed on a metal frame with 3m height from the ground surface. RUNOFF and sediment samples were collected using a plastic container placed the out-let of the flumes. RUNOFF generation of each flume was determined based on multiplying total content volume of the tank by volume proportion of water in the sample. Soil loss for each event was determined using multiply the container volume and SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION of the uniform sample. Initial soil moisture was measured in the AGGREGATE samples before each rainfall event in order to investigate its effect on the RUNOFF and sediment variations in the event scales. RUNOFF, soil loss and initial soil moisture data were evaluated for normality before any statistical analysis using SPSS version 18 software. Differences of RUNOFF and soil loss among different rainfall events were analyzed using the Duncan's test.Results and Discussion: Based on the results, the soil was calcareous having 16% equivalent calcium carbonate. Low amount of organic matter (0.6%). The measured AGGREGATE stability showed to be very low, indicating high susceptibility of the AGGREGATEs to water erosion processes. Significant differences were found among the rainfall events in RUNOFF (p<0.05), sediment (p<0.001) and SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION (p<0.001) which were associated with AGGREGATE breakdown by raindrop impacts in the rainfall events. RUNOFF and sediment were strongly increased from each event to other event. Significant relationship was found between sediment and RUNOFF in the events (R2=0.89, p<0.001). However, sediment showed to have higher increasing trend as compared to RUNOFF variation pattern in the event scale. Sediment value was very low in the first rainfall event due to high portions of the water-stable AGGREGATEs and low level of soil moisture. Difference in RUNOFF from each event to other event was directly related to variation of infiltration rate. In the final events, AGGREGATE disruption was strongly enhanced and remarkably decreased the soil infiltration rate so RUNOFF and sediment significantly increased. After seventh rainfall event, sediment production was observed to be higher (2.93 times) as compared with RUNOFF production and in consequence SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION strongly increased. The difference in the infiltration rate among the rainfall events was attributed with differences in initial soil moisture and macropores.

Cites

ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF SEQUENCE RAINFALLS ON SOIL PROPERTIES, RUNOFF PRODUCTION AND SOIL LOSS IN SOILS WITH DIFFERENT STABILITY AT THE SMALL PLOTS

References

No record.

Cite

APA: Copy

ESLAMI, S.F., & VAEZI, A.R.. (2016). RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT PRODUCTION UNDER THE SIMILAR RAINFALL EVENTS IN DIFFERENT AGGREGATE SIZES OF AN AGRICULTURAL SOIL. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL (AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY), 29(6), 1590-1600. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/141244/en

Vancouver: Copy

ESLAMI S.F., VAEZI A.R.. RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT PRODUCTION UNDER THE SIMILAR RAINFALL EVENTS IN DIFFERENT AGGREGATE SIZES OF AN AGRICULTURAL SOIL. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL (AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY)[Internet]. 2016;29(6):1590-1600. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/141244/en

IEEE: Copy

S.F. ESLAMI, and A.R. VAEZI, “RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT PRODUCTION UNDER THE SIMILAR RAINFALL EVENTS IN DIFFERENT AGGREGATE SIZES OF AN AGRICULTURAL SOIL,” JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL (AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY), vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1590–1600, 2016, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/141244/en

Related Journal Papers