مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Explaining the Factors Related to the Development of Medicinal Plant Cultivation and the Improvement of the Employment Status of Farmers from the Experts’ Perspective in Mazandaran Province

Pages

  61-72

Abstract

 Background: The development of businesses and job creation are fundamental needs for developing countries, including Iran. Given the expanding global markets and the unique climatic and resource conditions of Mazandaran Province, cultivating Medicinal plants in suitable areas can significantly contribute to Rural development and job creation. This research was designed to explore the factors influencing the development of medicinal plant cultivation in Mazandaran from the perspective of experts, with the ultimate goal of improving employment opportunities for farmers. Cultivating Medicinal plants offers a viable solution for enhancing agricultural productivity and diversifying income sources for rural communities. As global demand for natural and herbal products continues to rise, Mazandaran Province can leverage its environmental advantages to establish a robust medicinal plant industry. This study aims to identify key factors that can facilitate this development and improve the livelihoods of local farmers.

Methods: This research adopts a quantitative paradigm and is categorized as descriptive-correlational. A survey technique was employed to gather data from experts at agricultural Jihad centers in Mazandaran Province, comprising a total of 434 experts. The required sample size was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan sampling table, and a simple random sampling method was utilized for sample selection. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts in agricultural extension and education. The questionnaire was distributed both online and in printed form, resulting in the collection of 166 completed questionnaires for analysis. To assess the necessity and priority of addressing various factors related to the development of medicinal plant cultivation and improving farmers’ employment status, Borich's needs assessment model was employed.

Results: The findings revealed several critical factors related to the development of medicinal plant cultivation and the enhancement of farmers' employment status. In the dimension of producers’ training, the most pressing need identified by experts was the establishment of model farms for Medicinal plants. These farms would serve as practical examples, demonstrating effective cultivation techniques and the economic benefits of growing Medicinal plants. In terms of institutional and structural factors, the research highlighted that standardizing product packaging was the top priority. This is crucial for ensuring that products meet market expectations and can compete effectively both domestically and internationally. Additionally, providing low-interest credit facilities for farmers to cultivate Medicinal plants ranked second in terms of necessity. Access to affordable financing is essential for encouraging farmers to invest in medicinal plant cultivation, which may initially require higher inputs compared to traditional crops.

Conclusion: The results of this study underscore the importance of addressing the needs of farmers, particularly in a province where many farmers are older, traditional, and risk-averse. Establishing model farms can significantly influence the acceptance and growth of medicinal plant cultivation by showcasing its feasibility and benefits in local conditions. Therefore, it is recommended that planners and policymakers, especially within the Agricultural Jihad Organization, prioritize the creation of model farms in their strategic plans. Moreover, it is vital for organizations such as the Agricultural Jihad Organization and the Ministry of Industry, Mine, and Trade to provide necessary support and training for farmers. This includes guidance on effective cultivation practices and assistance in developing appropriate packaging for their products. By enabling farmers to present their products attractively, they can access both domestic and foreign markets more effectively, leading to increased sales and income generation. In conclusion, the development of the medicinal plant sector in Mazandaran Province holds significant potential for enhancing employment opportunities and improving the economic conditions of rural communities. By focusing on training, financial support, and product standardization, stakeholders can foster a thriving industry that benefits both farmers and the broader economy.

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