Reducing soil and water loss through stimulation of soil bacteria in experimental small plots

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KHEIRFAM H.; SADEGHI S.H.R.; ZAREI DARKI B.; HOMAEE M.

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Journal: Journal of Water and Soil Conservation Year:2018 | Volume:25 | Issue:4 Page(s): 243-257

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Title

Reducing soil and water loss through stimulation of soil bacteria in experimental small plots

Author(s)

KHEIRFAM H. | SADEGHI S.H.R. | ZAREI DARKI B. | HOMAEE M. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Soil amendmentsQ1

Soil and water conservationQ1

Soil bio-amendQ1

Soil biotechnologyQ1

Soil micro-organismsQ1

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Achieving to sustainable development is not possible without conservation of soil and water resources and reducing land degradation. On the other hand, in the low density-vegetation lands, biological soil crusts induced by the activity of soil microorganisms play an important role in conserving and improving of soil stability. However, in degraded lands, biological soil crusts are less developed. Thus, recently, biological soil crusts restoration by providing the appropriate conditions for increasing Soil micro-organisms activities have been considered through the new biotechnologies applying such as soil microorganisms stimulants. However, the quick and lasting effects of soil conservation strategies is the most important criteria in the selection of management measures. Hence, this study was planned to assess performance of a soil bacterial stimulant nutrient (named B4) as completely bio-amendment in reducing soil loss and runoff at laboratory and small plots conditions. Materials and Methods: In the study, the experimental plots were filled by collected soil of degraded and erosion-prone area of Marzanabad-Kandelus region based on the layering, grain size and bulk density of the native soil area. The solution with 15 g calcium acetate l-1 distilled water (dw), four g yeast extract l-1 dw and five g dextrose l-1 dw was prepared as B4 stimulant nutrient. Then the B4 was spraied on plots. To this end, two treatments of B4 injection and control with three replications were considered. After 15 days, in the Rain and Erosion Simulation Laboratory of Tarbiat Modares University, the simulated rainfall was carried out with during of 100 min and intensity of 50 mm h-1 according to high-erosive rainfall of the native area. Then, the soil loss and runoff components were measured. Results: Statistical comparison of results indicated that injection of B4 stimulated the proliferation of soil bacteria and, as a result of the effect of bacteria on some soil characteristics, improved the soil loss and runoff components, which was more effective in reducing soil losses than surface runoff. The start time and time to peak of runoff at the control plots (without injection) were increased significantly (P<0. 05) from 24. 83 to 49. 22 min and from 78. 66 to 92. 66 min at the stimulant nutrient plots, respectively. Also, the volume and peak of runoff, soil loss and sediment concentration at the stimulant nutrient plots were decreased significantly (P<0. 05) at rate of 88, 92, 95 and 35%, respectively compared to control and measured as 275. 66 and 18. 66 mm, 0. 49 g and 1. 79 g l-1, respectively. Conclusion: According to the present results, the restoration and enhancement of biological soil crusts in low density-vegetation and degraded lands through stimulating and increasing population of Soil micro-organisms using micronutrient stimuli such as B4 as has been considered as a biological, efficient and quick strategy to conserve soil and water resources. However, further researches are required to achieve reliable strategies by using other microbial stimulants and evaluating their durability during successive and long-term precipitation.

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APA: Copy

KHEIRFAM, H., SADEGHI, S.H.R., ZAREI DARKI, B., & HOMAEE, M.. (2018). Reducing soil and water loss through stimulation of soil bacteria in experimental small plots. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), 25(4 ), 243-257. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/156027/en

Vancouver: Copy

KHEIRFAM H., SADEGHI S.H.R., ZAREI DARKI B., HOMAEE M.. Reducing soil and water loss through stimulation of soil bacteria in experimental small plots. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES)[Internet]. 2018;25(4 ):243-257. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/156027/en

IEEE: Copy

H. KHEIRFAM, S.H.R. SADEGHI, B. ZAREI DARKI, and M. HOMAEE, “Reducing soil and water loss through stimulation of soil bacteria in experimental small plots,” JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), vol. 25, no. 4 , pp. 243–257, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/156027/en

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